中医学留学生本科教育研究

根植并服务于中国社会、经济、文化土壤的中医药教育模式,在面对来中国的留学生这一特殊群体时,发挥强大影响力的同时也无法回避自身的局限性。因此,在中医学留学生教育中准确定位教育目标、选择恰切的教育内容、实施科学的教育方案,实现微观、中观、宏观层面的教育评价管理,是影响留学生职业能力发展的首要因素,是保证教育产品质量与特色的关键内容,也是促进留学生教育长足发展核心保障。     

Exploration of simulation-based medical education for undergraduate students

Over the past decades, extensive studies have underscored the growing importance of simulation-based medical education (SBME) for medical students. However, the underlying influence of SBME on undergraduate students is yet to be investigated. This work is a single-center cohort study involving 1178 undergraduate students who were divided into a control group and an SBME group. All participants gave their written informed consent. We compared the theoretical and practical achievements of these 2 groups and distributed a feedback questionnaire. Results show that SBME significantly improves the practical or theoretical achievements of students (P < .001). The humanistic care (improvement rate: 69.2%) and doctor–patient communication (improvement rate: 56.3%) performances of these studies were vastly improved. The students in the SBME group tend to allocate more time to communicating with others. SBME is an effective teaching method that can improve the reflective capacity and communication skills of undergraduate medical students, thereby resulting in their relatively improved performance.     

The use of psychiatry‐focused simulation in undergraduate nursing education: A systematic search and review

Evidence on the use of simulation to teach psychiatry and mental health (including addiction) content is emerging, yet no summary of the implementation processes or associated outcomes exists. The aim of this study was to systematically search and review empirical literature on the use of psychiatry‐focused simulation in undergraduate nursing education. Objectives were to (i) assess the methodological quality of existing evidence on the use of simulation to teach mental health content to undergraduate nursing students, (ii) describe the operationalization of the simulations, and (iii) summarize the associated quantitative and qualitative outcomes. We conducted online database (MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, CINAHL, PsycINFO from January 2004 to October 2015) and grey literature searches. Thirty‐two simulation studies were identified describing and evaluating six types of simulations (standardized patients, audio simulations, high‐fidelity simulators, virtual world, multimodal, and tabletop). Overall, 2724 participants were included in the studies. Studies reflected a limited number of intervention designs, and outcomes were evaluated with qualitative and quantitative methods incorporating a variety of tools. Results indicated that simulation was effective in reducing student anxiety and improving their knowledge, empathy, communication, and confidence. The summarized qualitative findings all supported the benefit of simulation; however, more research is needed to assess the comparative effectiveness of the types of simulations. Recommendations from the findings include the development of guidelines for educators to deliver each simulation component (briefing, active simulation, debriefing). Finally, consensus around appropriate training of facilitators is needed, as is consistent and agreed upon simulation terminology.     

跟随病例式教学在培养口腔医学生思维模式中的作用研究#br#

目的    比较跟随病例式教学和分学科教学在培养口腔医学生思维模式中的作用。方法    选择中国医科大学口腔临床专业97期本科生62人和98期本科生60人,分别采用跟随病例式教学模式（跟随病例式教学组）和分学科教学模式（分学科教学组）。临床实习结束后分别对两组本科生进行理论-临床思维转换、批判性思维能力评估。结果    在理论-临床思维转换能力评估中,跟随病例式教学组本科生在临床接诊、病例汇报方面的成绩优于分学科教学组（均P < 0.05）;在批判性思维能力评估中,跟随病例式教学组本科生在寻找真理、分析能力、求知欲、认知成熟等方面,相较于分学科教学组本科生具有更加明显的正性批判性思维倾向（均P < 0.05）。结论    采用跟随病例式教学可能更有助于培养口腔医学生理论-临床思维转换能力和批判性思维能力。     

本科护生不确定压力与职业自我效能的相关性研究

目的探讨本科护生职业自我效能的现状,分析不确定压力对护生职业自我效能的影响。方法采取整群便利抽样法,2020年4月10—17日,选取浙江省4所高校1526名护理本科生为研究对象。采用护生一般情况问卷、护生职业自我效能问卷(PSQNS)及不确定压力问卷对其进行横断面调查。采用多重线性回归分析护生职业自我效能的影响因素。共发放问卷1526份,回收有效问卷1474份,有效回收率为96.6%。结果1474名本科护生PSQNS总分为(91.10±14.11)分,条目均分为(3.37±0.52)分,得分率为67.48%,处于中等水平。多重线性回归分析结果显示,护理专业喜爱程度、不确定压力、在校学业成绩、选择护理专业原因及家庭经济状况是本科护生职业自我效能的影响因素(P<0.05),可解释33.4%的变异。结论本科护生的职业自我效能有待提升;护理教育者可以通过降低护生的不确定压力,提高其职业自我效能。