抗栓酶Ⅲ号对烫伤大鼠休克期的治疗作用观察

通过肺，肾组织超微结构病理变化的观察探讨抗栓酶Ⅲ号在烫伤大鼠休克期的治疗作用方法：复制２０％体表面积的Ⅲ度烫伤大鼠模型，随机分为正常组，烫伤对照组和烫伤治疗组，伤后２４小时取肺，肾组织进行电镜观察。烫伤对照组烫伤后２４小时肺泡腔明显塌陷呈局灶性实变，多见代偿性肺泡扩张，肺泡腔消失或仅有狭窄缝，线粒体肿胀；肾足细胞显著肿胀，肾小球毛细血管腔中有微血栓形成。     

阿苯达唑联合IFN-α抗小鼠细粒棘球蚴病的实验研究

目的 在BALB/c小鼠体内评价阿苯达唑(ABZ)联合干扰素(interferon, IFN)-α对于CE的治疗效果。方法 Balb/c小鼠原头蚴腹腔继发感染5个月后,小鼠被随机分配到4组:ABZ组、IFN-α组、ABZ+IFN-α组和未经处理对照组。不同处理组分别给药2个月。在治疗的第0、7、14、28、36、48、60 d从小鼠尾静脉采血检测血清中抗体水平变化。治疗结束后处死小鼠,检测相关指标评价治疗效果。结果 与对照组(P<0.01)或ABZ组(P<0.05)相比,ABZ+IFN-α组包囊的数量、大小及重量都显著减少。对不同处理组的包囊进行透射电镜观察(TEM)发现,ABZ+IFN-α组的包囊的超微结构发生了明显的改变。ELISA实验结果表明,ABZ+IFN-α组的血清与脾细胞分泌的白细胞介素(interleukin, IL)-10显著下降(P<0.01);血清中IgE、IgG抗体及其亚型浓度与对照组相比显著降低(P<0.01)。结论 本研究证实ABZ联合IFN-α可能成是一种有效的CE治疗方案。     

恶性疟原虫红内期145／102kDa抗原的超微结构定位

用LR White低温包埋法及胶体金标记免疫电镜细胞化学技术对保护性单克隆抗体M26-32识别的体外培养的恶性疟原虫FCC1/HN株红内期145/102 kDa抗原进行超微结构定位研究。发现金颗粒主要定位在该株原虫红内期环状体、滋养体、裂殖体及裂殖子的细胞质中;一些金颗粒则定位于原虫表面的复合膜或散布在感染红细胞的细胞质中。表明145/102kDa抗原是恶性疟原虫FCC1/HN株红内期各无性发育阶段的共同细胞质抗原,其一部分可途经原虫表面的复合膜而被转运到感染红细胞的细胞质。     

Histological and ultrastructural evaluation of human decellularized matrix as a hernia repair device

Recently, interest has been increasing for human decellularized matrices, due to their ability to reduce numerous side effects related to hernia repair. To date, only animal studies investigated the biological interaction post-implant of human decellularized matrices for soft tissue repair. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological response one year post implant of human decellularized matrix, through morphological analysis of human biopsies. The histological and ultrastructural results revealed a perfect cellular repopulation and neoangiogenesis, with minimal inflammatory response and a well-organized collagen matrix. The results have indicated that this scaffold can be an effective treatment for hernia.     

Application of Mineralogical Techniques in the Study of Human Lithiasis

The authors review the mineralogical methods and techniques of analyzing calculi, stony concretions in the body. They discuss the main types of kidney stones (prostate, testicular, salivary, and bile) and the different diagnostic methods in mineralogy. By applying the techniques of optical microscopy and electron microscopy, they describe the different characteristics of human stones, based on extensive experience as evidenced by their numerous studies.     

Ultrastructural Changes of Caudate Nucleus in Mice Chronically Treated with Manganese

Manganese (Mn) is able to cross the blood–brain barrier and induces functional and structural alterations during the intoxication by this metal. Therefore, the effects of chronic administration of Mn in the caudate nucleus of mice were evaluated by electron microscopy. Male albino mice were injected intraperitoneally with MnCl₂ (5?mg/kg/d) 5?d per week during 9 weeks. The control group received only 0.9% of NaCl solution. The caudate nuclei were extracted and subsequently processed to be observed on a conventional transmission electron microscope at 2, 4, 6, and 9 weeks after treatment. A high percentage of vacuolated and swollen mitochondria were found throughout all the analyzed periods. Myelin disarrangement and ultrastructural alterations related to edema were observed increased in Mn-treated mice at week 9. Granular degeneration of myelin at week 9 accompanied with deposition of electron dense granules in the neuropil was also observed. Edema in neuropil and glial cells was detected from week 2 to week 9 accompanied by swollen mitochondria. Neuronal bodies, synaptic terminals, and perivascular cells were found swollen. Decreased electron density in postsynaptic areas and decreased and dispersed synaptic vesicles in presynaptic areas were noted in Mn-treated animals. Some neurons from Mn-treated mice showed cisternae dilation of the Golgi apparatus. These results suggest that Mn-treatment produces structural alterations in the caudate nucleus that could be responsible for some of the neurotoxic effects of this metal.     

Fractional CO2 laser for the treatment of acne scars

Background Numerous reports have been published on skin rejuvenation by the so‐called fractional laser device that delivers a laser beam in a dot form over a grid pattern. Aims In this study, we characterized the effects of a fractional CO₂ laser on atrophic acne scars at the clinical and ultrastructural levels. Methods Seven healthy adult Japanese volunteers (aged 32–46 years, mean 37.6, five men and two women of Fitzpatrick skin type III) were recruited for this study. A fractional CO₂ laser device, SmartXide DOT (DEKA, Florence, Italy), was used with irradiation parameters set as follows: output power 10 W, pulse width 600 μs, dot spacing 800 μm, and stack 2 (irradiation output power 0.91 J/cm²). A clinical examination and punch biopsy of each subject was performed before and just after the irradiation, and also at week 3 after three irradiation sessions. The biopsy specimens were stained with toluidine blue and were examined ultrastructurally. Results Clinical improvement of the atrophic acne scars was observed at week 3 after the third irradiation session in all cases compared with the condition before treatment. Histologically, outgrowths of many degenerated elastic fibers were observed as irregular rod‐shaped masses in the superficial dermis prior to the treatment in the region of the acne scars. At week 3 after the third irradiation, the degenerated elastic fibers were no longer observed, and the elastic fibers were elaunin‐like. Conclusions The fractional CO₂ laser is considered to be very effective for treating atrophic acne scars.     

Non-isotopic in situ hybridization at the ultrastructural level

Non-isotopic in situ hybridization techniques are becoming increasingly widely used at the ultrastructural level, permitting rapid localization of nucleic acid targets with a high degree of resolution. Technical considerations dictate that the great specificity of the method cannot be matched by a similar degree of sensitivity; the value of non-isotopic ultrastructural in situ hybridization lies in its unique ability to localize nucleic acid targets in relation to submicroscopic cellular structures. This article presents an overview of non-isotopic ultrastructural hybridization methods and applications.     

Distribution and synaptic organization of dopaminergic axons in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat

In the present study, immunocytochemistry with an antiserum against dopamine (DA) revealed hitherto unknown terminal fields of DA axons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the rat. The innervation of all subdivisions of the LGN is achieved by a common set of afferent fibers that branch to form terminal fields of uneven density. The ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGv) receives slightly more DA axons than the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGd), whereas within the latter, DA afferents innervate the lateral part of the nucleus slightly more densely. Labeled axon terminals and varicosities, examined in single and serial ultrathin sections, were found in the extraglomerular neuropil in the LGd and in the neuropil of the LGv characterized by relatively simple synaptic relationships. They formed predominantly asymmetrical synaptic contacts with dendritic profiles. Occasionally, the postsynaptic elements were found to be presynaptic dendrites of presumptive interneurons. Some of the possible roles of this newly demonstrated DA afferent system in the physiology of the LGN and in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with impairment of dopaminergic activity are discussed.