Clostridium difficile acquisition rate and its role in nosocomial diarrhoea at a university hospital in Turkey

Infection with Clostridium difficile can present with various clinical pictures ranging from an asymptomatic carrier state to pseudomembranous colitis and plays an important part in the etiology of nosocomial diarrhoea. To identify risk factors for C. difficile colonization and diarrhoea in hospitalized subjects, patients admitted to a general medicine ward at Marmara University hospital during a one year period were entered into the study. Of the 202 patients, nosocomial diarrhoea developed in 45 (22.3%). Fourteen patients (6.9%) were colonized with C. difficile during their hospitalization period. Ten of the colonized patients (71.4%) developed diarrhoea and were found to be positive by toxin assay. Pseudomembranous colitis was confirmed endoscopically in 3 of the patients with diarrhoea. Administration of beta lactam agents such as ampicillin and cephalosporins; gastrointestinal manipulations and admission to the intensive care unit were found as major risk factors for C. difficile colonization.     

己酮可可碱对2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸肠炎模型的影响

目的 :观察己酮可可碱 (PTX)对 2 ,4 ,6 三硝基苯磺酸 (TNBS)肠炎模型影响。方法 :通过直肠给予雄性BALB/c小鼠TNBS诱导结肠炎 ,应用PTX对其进行治疗 ,6d后收集结肠标本评价结肠炎症程度 ;采用半定量RT PCR检测肠黏膜IL 18mRNA表达 ,采用免疫组织化学染色显示IL 18阳性细胞。结果 :直肠内给予BALB/c小鼠TNBS后可造成小鼠结肠炎性改变 ;PTX治疗可使小鼠疾病活动指数、结肠重量和炎症指数均显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,结肠IL 18mRNA和肠黏膜固有层表达IL 18细胞数显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :PTX治疗可使TNBS肠炎模型小鼠肠黏膜局部IL 18表达显著下降 ,肠炎得以减轻。     

当归多糖对免疫性结肠炎大鼠结肠损伤的保护作用研究

目的 研究当归多糖对免疫性结肠炎大鼠结肠损伤的保护作用及机制。方法 建立大鼠免疫性结肠炎模型,灌肠用药21 d后,评价大鼠结肠粘膜损伤指数(CMDI),检测结肠髓过氧化物酶(MPO)与SOD活性,MDA、NO含量及IL-2、TNF-α、IL-10、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)水平,同时检测血浆IL-2、TNF-α、NO水平。结果 当归多糖(250、500、 1000 mg·kg~(-1))灌肠降低模型组大鼠显著升高的CMDI值,MDA、NO含量,MPO活性及IL-2、TNF-α水平,使显著降低的SOD活性,TGF-β、IL-10水平升高,血浆NO水平降低不明显。ASP用药呈一定量效关系。结论 当归多糖通过拮抗氧化、免疫调节、损伤修复作用缓解免疫性结肠炎大鼠炎症反应,减轻结肠损伤。     

伪膜性结肠炎的中医药治疗

目的 :探讨伪膜性结肠炎的中草药治疗效果及安全性。方法 :用艰难梭菌毒素 A& B检测对腹泻患者进行病原性确定 ,采用大蒜汁辅以清热燥湿方剂进行调治 ,每周 1次艰难梭菌毒素 A& B连续检测观察疗效。结果 :1周内临床症状消失率 64.1% (2 5/3 9)、艰难梭菌毒素 A& B转阴率 46.2 % (18/3 9) ,2周内累计临床症状消失率 87.2 % (3 4 /3 9)、艰难梭菌毒素 A& B转阴率 89.7% (3 5/3 9) ,3周内累计临床症状消失率 10 0 .0 % (3 9/3 9)、艰难梭菌毒素 A& B转阴率 97.4% (3 8/3 9) ,艰难梭菌毒素 A& B转阴者连续二次检测无复发。结论 :中草药大蒜汁辅以清热燥湿方剂治疗伪膜性结肠炎用药安全 ,疗效好     

ANALYSIS ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS TREATED WITH ELECTROACUPUNCTURE PLUS QIGONG

Ulcerativecolitisbelongstocategoryof"diarrhea"intraditionalChinesemedicine.Sincel968,theauthorhastreated113casesofulcera-tiveco1itiswhoareassignedrandomlytoEAp1usQigonggroup(treatmentgroup),andcontro1group(traditionalacupuncturegroupandsimpleQigonggroup)f…     

中西医结合治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎42例疗效观察

目的:观察中西医结合治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效。方法:将72例活动期UC患者随机分为2组。治疗组42例,用溃结合剂(处方:白头翁、败酱草、地榆、苦参、白及、白芍、木香)加柳氮磺胺吡啶保留灌肠治疗;对照组30例,单纯用柳氮磺胺吡啶保留灌肠治疗。2组均以2周为1疗程,连续治疗2疗程后观察疗效。结果:近期治愈率治疗组73.81％,对照组36.67％;总有效率治疗组95.24％,对照组80.00％。2组近期治愈率及总有效率比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合保留灌肠治疗活动期UC较单纯西医治疗疗效好。     

中西医结合治疗溃疡性结肠炎经验

溃疡性结肠炎(UlcerativeColitis UC)又称非特异性结肠炎,是一种病因尚不十分清楚的直肠和结肠慢性非特异性炎症性疾病.其病变主要限于大肠粘膜和粘膜下层,临床表现为腹泻、黏液脓血便、腹痛等,是临床常见的疑难杂症之一.笔者从2003年3月～2005年6月应用四神丸治疗该病48例,效果满意.     

溃疡性结肠炎大鼠肠黏膜PPAR γ的表达

目的 :观察溃疡性结肠炎 (ulcerativecolitis,UC)大鼠肠黏膜中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)的表达。方法 :采用免疫组化法检测了10只UC大鼠 (UC组 )和10只正常对照组大鼠结肠黏膜中PPARγ的表达情况。结果 :UC组和对照组大鼠结肠上皮PPARγ阳性细胞分别为 (11.7±3.46)个和 (81.8±15.73)个 ,UC大鼠结肠上皮PPARγ的表达明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 :UC大鼠结肠黏膜上皮PPARγ的表达明显下降 ,其可能与UC的发病有关     

Guidelines for treatment of ulcerative colitis in children

This paper introduces the guidelines for treatment of ulcerative colitis in children, created by the working group of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Chair: Yuichiro Yamashiro) and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) (Chair: Akio Kobayashi). The ideas of the working group, with regard to the fundamental differences in medical treatment between children and adults, included: (1) for children, intensive medical treatment including appropriate systemic management is important during the acute phase of illness. (2) Treatment with steroids, which can cause growth disturbances, should not be continued for long periods of time. (3) Pulsed steroid therapy, selective removal of blood cells, and intravenous infusion of cyclosporin should be included in the therapeutic option for severe and fluminant cases.     

青黛散抗溃疡性结肠炎的作用研究

目的：探讨青黛散抗实验性溃疡性结肠炎的作用。方法：采用三硝基苯磺酸法制备大鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型，HE染色制作病理切片，对其抗实验性溃疡性结肠炎作用进行评价。结果：病理组织学检查表明青黛散有效改善了溃疡性结肠炎。结论：青黛散可有效对抗实验性结肠性溃疡炎。