隧道巩膜切口与透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障手术的临床效果分析

目的探讨老年性白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术两种不同术式的临床疗效;评价隧道巩膜切口与透明角膜切口的疗效差异。方法对年龄60～80岁,平均(68.4±9.1)岁的老年性白内障患者按前后阶段分成两组,A组98例(109只眼),行隧道巩膜切口白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术;B组216例(258只眼)行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化摘除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术。分析两种不同切口及相应不同类型人工晶状体植入方式的优缺点。结果术后视力：两组术后1周、1个月、3个月的裸眼视力及最佳矫正视力存在显著性差异。术后并发症有轻度角膜内皮水肿、重度角膜内皮水肿、重度前段葡萄膜反应、人工晶状体夹持等。结论角膜透明切口白内障超声乳化摘除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术术后散光小,并发症少,视力恢复好。     

基于IPSec的端-端VPN系统的设计与安全性分析

首先介绍了VPN的基本概念及其应用，并对使用IPSec的VPN技术与传统VPN技术的特点及安全性做了分析和比较。通过对IPSec协议的深入研究，给出了一种基于IPSec组合SA的端-端VPN系统的设计方法，并对其安全性进行了分析。     

膝关节前交叉韧带重建术的CT评价

目的探讨CT三维重建对膝关节前交叉韧带重建术后骨道位置准确性的评价及其临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2010年1～12月97例患者关节镜下行膝关节前交叉韧带单束重建术后,经螺旋CT扫描并进行三维重建的影像资料,观察固定螺钉、骨道、骨道出入口及移植物等结构情况。结果 CT三维重建清晰的反映了膝关节前交叉韧带重建术后的骨道及其出入口的位置、固定物及移植物等情况。结论螺旋CT扫描及三维重建是前交叉韧带重建术评价的重要方法,为临床术后提供了最准确、最直观的影像资料     

不同切口白内障超声乳化摘除术对泪膜的影响

目的：观察巩膜隧道切口和透明角膜切口对白内障超声乳化摘除术患者术后泪膜的影响。方法临床纳入63例患者共70眼行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入术的非干眼患者,根据切口不同分为巩膜隧道切口组（32例,35眼）与透明角膜切口组（31例,35眼）,两组患者均进行折叠人工晶状体植入。术后第1、7、14、30、90天观察两组患者泪液分泌试验（SIt）、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）以及自觉干眼感觉等。结果术后第1天及第7天,两组患者自觉干眼症状明显,巩膜隧道切口组干眼症状评分[（2.55±0.96）、（1.49±0.62）分]明显高于透明角膜切口组[（1.18±0.72）、（0.98±0.71）分],差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;SIt试验显示,术后第1天,巩膜隧道切口组与透明角膜切口组患者SIt分别为（19.55±2.47）、（17.62±2.51）mm,均较术前显著升高,巩膜隧道切口组长于透明角膜切口组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;BUT试验显示,术后第1、7、14天,两组BUT均较术前显著缩短,巩膜隧道切口组[（4.07±0.63）、（4.62±0.86）、（6.37±0.67）s]长于透明角膜切口组[（3.42±0.67）、（4.06±0.90）、（5.88±0.77）s],差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论术后早期,进行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化摘除术的患者,对泪膜的影响较小,但临床干眼症状要重于进行巩膜隧道切口的患者。术后晚期,两种切口进行白内障超声乳化摘除术对泪膜无明显影响。     

隧道式瘘管切除缝合术治疗高位肛瘘疗效观察

目的探讨高位肛瘘的手术方式及其疗效。方法132例高位肛瘘患者分为隧道式瘘管切除缝合组(观察组)66例和肛瘘切开挂线组(对照组)66例,对比观察2组临床疗效。结果观察组与对照组治愈率和瘢痕大小比较无显著差异(P>0.05);观察组复发率、术后创面感染率、大便失禁率和肛门变形率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组创面愈合时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论隧道式瘘管切除缝合术能有效保护肛门括约肌功能,具有愈合快、感染率低等优点。     

肘管综合征的外科治疗

目的：探讨采用尺神经外膜松解并尺神经皮下前置术治疗肘管综合征的疗效。方法：对经确诊的26例肘管综合征患者,采用尺神经外膜松解及尺神经皮下前置术,术中观察并记录尺神经卡压的部位、范围、粗细及质地等;术后观察患者感觉恢复、肌萎缩恢复、爪型手恢复及手指内收、外展等功能恢复情况。结果：26例肘管综合征病例均获随访,23例明显改善,运动感觉均获恢复;2例感觉恢复,运动无恢复;1例运动、感觉均无恢复。结论：尺神经外膜松解并尺神经皮下前置术,操作简单、疗效肯定,是治疗肘管综合征的有效方法;时肘管综合征患者,保守治疗无效者尽早手术。     

高频超声在肘部尺神经卡压病变诊断中的应用

目的探讨高频超声在肘部尺神经卡压病变诊断中的临床应用价值。方法分别对40例经临床和神经电生理拟诊为肘管综合征（CTS）的患者进行患侧和健侧相同节段水平尺神经高频超声检查,测量比较双侧尺神经的厚度、横切面积（CSA）,观察患肘部尺神经声像图变化,并将患侧尺神经超声检查与神经电生理检测结果作相关性分析。结果健肘与患肘尺神经局部厚度和横切面积有显著变化,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;患肘尺神经的CSA与运动传导速度（MNCV）有较好的相关性,相关系数为-0.933。结论高频超声检查具有无痛无创、方便快捷的优点,能实时动态观察尺神经卡压征象并明确病因,对肘管综合征诊断具有重要参考价值,对临床术式选择亦有重要指导意义。     

Teaching medical students and residents how to inject local anesthesia almost painlessly

The objective of the present study was to determine whether it is possible to consistently and reliably teach medical students and resident learners how to administer local anesthetics in an almost painless manner. Using the published technique, 25 consecutive medical students and residents were taught how to inject local anesthetics for carpal tunnel release by watching the senior author perform the technique once. The learner then independently administered the anesthesia to the next patient who then scored the learner’s ability to inject the local anesthetic from a pain perspective. The teaching technique is demonstrated in an accompanying online video. The learners were consistently capable of administering local anesthetics with minimal pain. During the injection process, the patients only felt pain once (‘hole-in-one’) 76% of the time. This pain was attributed to the first 27-gauge needle poke. The other 24% of the time, patients felt pain twice (eagle) during the 5 min injection process. All 25 patients rated the entire pain experience to be less than 2/10. Eighty-four per cent of the patients indicated that the experience was better than local anesthetic given at the dentist’s office. Medical students and residents can quickly and reliably learn how to administer local anesthesia for carpal tunnel release with minimal pain to the patient.     

Is carpal tunnel syndrome present in acute stroke patients? An investigative study using clinical and imaging screening tools

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is known to develop post-stroke. Median nerve ultrasound (US) is an inexpensive, effective means of screening. In this prospective feasibility study, we compared the ability of the physical exam, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) and median nerve US to screen for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) within 72 hours of stroke onset. We enrolled 24 consecutive patients. Using US, 19 (79%, p = 0.0386) of the 24 patients screened positive for CTS on the paretic side and 20 (83%, p = 0.0042) on the nonparetic side. With clinical examination, only 11 out of 24 (46%) screened positive for CTS on the paretic side and 8 (33%) on the nonparetic side. The BCTQ did not predict CTS. US can be an effective screening tool post-stroke. Further research is needed to determine specificity and efficacy compared to electrodiagnostic testing in this population.