栀子、首乌对小鼠卡介苗炎症诱导抑郁模型的抗抑郁作用的实验研究

目的腹腔注射卡介苗（BCG）,建立炎症相关抑郁模型,明确栀子、首乌对炎症诱导抑郁模型的抗抑郁作用和机制。方法小鼠腹腔注射卡介苗200 mg.kg-1,吗氯贝胺组和栀子首乌组同时分别给予吗氯贝胺75 mg.kg-1和栀子首乌500 mg.kg-1水溶液灌胃,观察药物对动物体重、自主活动和强迫游泳实验中不动时间的影响。同时,使用ELISA法检测脑组织吲哚胺-23,-过氧化酶（IDO）和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体（NMDAR1）含量。结果与模型组比较,栀子首乌药不能对抗BCG引起的小鼠体重下降（P〉0.05）,对小鼠的自主活动没有明显影响（P〉0.05）,但能明显缩短BCG模型小鼠强迫游泳不动时间（P〈0.05）,同时降低了脑组织中IDO和NMDAR1含量（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论 BCG腹腔注射能引起动物抑郁样行为,栀子、首乌选择性增加小鼠不动时间,显示出一定的抗抑郁作用,其作用机制与抑制IDO活性减少五羟色胺（5-HT）代谢,下调NMDAR1减轻神经元毒性损伤有关。     

Evaluation of New Polyclonal Antibody Developed for Serological Diagnostics of Tomato Mosaic Virus

Plant viruses threaten agricultural production by reducing the yield, quality, and economical benefits. Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) from the genus Tobamovirus causes serious losses in the quantity and quality of tomato production. The management of plant protection is very difficult, mainly due to the vector-less transmission of ToMV. Resistant breeding generally has low effectiveness. The most practical approach is the use of a rapid diagnostic assay of the virus’ presence before the symptoms occur in plants, followed by the eradication of virus-infected plants. Such approaches also include serological detection methods (ELISA and Western immunoblotting), where antibodies need to be developed for an immunochemical reaction. The development and characterization of polyclonal antibodies for the detection of ToMV with appropriate parameters (sensitivity, specificity, and cross-reactivity) were the subjects of this study. A new polyclonal antibody, AB-1, was developed in immunized rabbits using the modified oligopeptides with antigenic potential (sequences are revealed) derived from the coat protein of ToMV SL-1. the developed polyclonal antibody. AB-1, showed higher sensitivity when compared with commercially available analogs. It also detected ToMV in infected pepper and eggplant plants, and detected another two tobamoviruses (TMV and PMMoV) and ToMV in soil rhizosphere samples and root residues, even two years after the cultivation of the infected tomato plant.     

‘Mate’ Intake,Hormone-Based Risk Factors and Breast Cancer: a Case-Control Study

Previous reports on the inverse association between ‘mate’ intake (infusion of Ilex Paraguariensis herb) and breastcancer (BC) risk led us to consider two main roles for the infusion: as a substantial antioxidant contributor and asa hormone regulator, particularly through anti-aromatase capacities. Since menstrual-reproductive risk factors forBC reflect women’s estrogenic exposure during the reproductive lifespan, and considering that ‘mate’ intake exertsputative stronger protection among high antioxidant contributors, we attempted to analyze interactions among theinfusion, hormon-linked reproductive factors and BC risk, which have hitherto remained unexplored. We analyzed adatabase of 572 BC incident cases and 889 controls. Women were interviewed with a specific questionnaire featuringsocio-demographic, lifestyle and reproductive variables (age at menarche, 1st live birth and menopause; number of livebirths; breastfeeding months), and a food frequency questionnaire, focusing on ‘mate’ intake (consumer status, dailyintake, age at start, age at quit, duration of habit). Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence Intervals were calculatedthrough unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for relevant potential confounders. ‘Mate’ intake showed stronginverse associations with some high-risk hormone-related factors: early menarche, nulliparity, low breastfeeding, longreproductive years and high number of ovulatory cycles. Moreover, all subsets of high dietary energy demonstratedeven stronger associations. In conclusion, regarding exposure to known hormone risk factors, we found strong inverseassociations between high ‘mate’ intake and BC, which were greater among those consuming higher calorific diets.Our analyses support possible combined antioxidant and antiestrogenic effects for ‘mate’ infusions.     

格林-巴利综合征患者蛋白质及血脂代谢指标分析

目的 了解格林-巴利综合征(GBS)患者蛋白质及血脂代谢指标分布特征,探讨蛋白质及血脂代谢与GBS之间的关系.方法 共收集首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院2018-2020年90例确诊GBS患者作为GBS组,从不同年龄、性别、严重程度、分型、治疗前后等方面对蛋白质及血脂代谢指标进行分析;同时选取性别、年龄匹配的60例体检健...     

L’exploration axillaire en pratique quotidienne dans le parcours diagnostique d’un cancer du sein<br/>Axillary staging in daily practice in the diagnosis of breast cancer

When a breast cancer is diagnosed, the quality of the evaluation before treatment is essential to guide the therapeutic decision. The staging axillary is necessary because it estimates the regional extension of the disease, which makes it a paramount prognosis factor. Some different preoperative medical imaging can reveal metastasis axillary nodes. However, the axillary ultrasound remains the reference imaging and it also leads the biopsies too. Since theACOSOG-Z0011 trial, we are facing a therapeutic deescalation in the axillary surgery. According to recent results, we can note that the position of the axillary imaging is more and more important. The purpose of the ultrasound is to avoid a two-stage dissection after a positive sentinel lymph node when the ACOSOG-Z0011 criteria are not met.

Résumé
Lors de la découverte d’un cancer du sein, la qualité du bilan préthérapeutique est essentielle afin d’orienter la décision thérapeutique. L’exploration axillaire est primordiale, car elle évalue l’extension régionale de la maladie, ce qui en fait un des facteurs pronostiques majeurs. Différents examens d’imagerie préopératoires peuvent révéler une atteinte de ces ganglions axillaires. Cependant, l’imagerie de référence reste l’échographie axillaire, qui permet également de guider des prélèvements. Depuis l’étude ACOSOGZ0011, nous sommes face à une désescalade thérapeutique de la chirurgie axillaire. Selon des résultats récents, on constate que la place de l’imagerie axillaire est encore plus importante. Le but de l’échographie est d’éviter un curage en deux temps après un ganglion sentinelle positif lorsque les critères de l’ACOSOG-Z0011 ne sont pas remplis.     

早期梅尼埃病患者前庭诱发肌源性电位的特征

目的 建立听力室前庭诱发肌源性电位（VEMPs）潜伏期、耳间潜伏期差值、振幅比及耳间不对称率等参数的正常值,分析早期梅尼埃病患者的VEMPs特征。方法 随机选取听力正常的健康成人39例,用于建立VEMPs正常值范围并用作健康对照;对单侧发病的早期梅尼埃病患者37例,行双侧VEMPs检测,分析其VEMPs特征。结果 37例单侧发病的早期梅尼埃病患者中,患侧未能引出者11例,双侧未能引出者4例,另外15例患侧VEMPs的异常表现可为p13或n23潜伏期延长、耳间潜伏期差值延长、振幅增强或减弱等,总异常率为81.08%。结论 当VEMPs的耳间潜伏期差值表现为延长、振幅表现为增强或减弱时,对早期梅尼埃病的诊断有显著意义。     

Reduced dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin versus full dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection bladder tumor: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Bladder cancer is widely known as the most common malignant tumor in the urinary tract,with 75％-85％ of patients suffering from nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).However,the optimal d...     

Spatial Distribution of Head and Neck Cancer in Chiang Mai,Thailand

Background: The incidence of Head and neck (HN) cancers in Thailand is rising and survival rates not improving. Variations of its incidence among geographical areas may due to various contributing factors. Methods: We focused on data from 25 districts within Chiang Mai province, Thailand. The temporal change was described separately into two periods, 2007-2012 and 2013-2018. The OpenBUGS and the Quantum Geographic Information System were utilized to determine the geographical patterns in the incidence of HN cancer and focus on oropharynx. Results: The number of new cases of HN cancer was 1,186, of which 835 cases (70%) were male. Among those patients 548 diagnosed in 2007-2012 and 638 diagnose in 2013-2018. High risk patterns of both overall HN and oropharyngeal cancer incidences were found in the central and southern areas of the province in 2007-2013. However, the geographical patterns of the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer showed the changed pattern, with high RR in central and northern areas in more recent period. Over two periods, the RR of the cancers incidence decrease. The RR of oropharyngeal increased in Fang district and it remained high in Mueang district. Conclusion: This study have highlighted specific areas with a high risk of head and neck cancer and oropharyngeal cancer incidences in Chiang Mai province, along with the spatial inequalities in their distributions, with cluster formation. These results may be helpful in guiding any strategy put in place to respond to the high risk incidence of the cancers in specific areas.     

转基因抗黄瓜花叶病毒蕃茄安全性评价研究

对转基因抗黄瓜花叶病毒 (CMV)蕃茄进行了安全性评价。结果 :CMV蕃茄急性毒性半数致死量LD50 >1 0 g/kg ,属实际无急性毒性物质。经微核试验、精子畸变试验及Ames试验均未发现有致突变作用 ;3 0d喂养试验也未发现引起异常改变。提示 :在本实验范围内 (相当于人口服 5 0 0 g/d)食用CMV蕃茄是安全的