Maternal glycated haemoglobin, pre-gestational weight, pregnancy weight gain and risk of large-for-gestational-age babies: a Danish cohort study of 209 singleton Type 1 diabetic pregnancies.

AIMS: To examine the association between maternal glycated haemoglobin in the second half of diabetic pregnancies and the relative risk of delivering large-for-gestational-age (LGA) babies, controlling for maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, weight gain, age, White class and smoking habits. METHODS: We identified all pregnant diabetic women in North Jutland County, Denmark from 1985 to 2003. Data on HbA(1c) values from the 20th gestational week to term were collected from medical records and the babies were classified as large, normal or small for gestational age. The association between glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and relative risk of delivering an LGA baby was quantified based on logistic regression models and stratified analysis controlling for the five covariates. RESULTS: We included 209 singleton pregnancies with assessable HbA(1c) values of which 59%[95% confidence interval (CI) 52-65%] terminated with an LGA baby. Increasing levels of HbA(1c), BMI and weight gain were all associated with increasing risk of delivering an LGA baby. Analyses stratified according to maternal BMI showed that the association between HbA(1c) and risk of delivering an LGA baby was restricted to pregnancies with pre-pregnancy BMI > 23 kg/m(2). We found no association between HbA(1c) and risk of delivering an LGA baby in pregnancies with lower BMI. CONCLUSION: The positive association between glycated haemoglobin and birth of an LGA baby seems to be restricted to women with BMI > 23 kg/m(2).     

The uses of a patient-based dietetic data-collection systern

The F.I.P. (Financial Information Project) dietetic package allows the collection of basic patient data, which then can be processed to give valuable clinical and management information for use by all dietitians in a dietetic department. The advent of the Korner Reports (DHSS, 1984a) and their implementation highlighted the need to computerize certain aspects of data collection in dietetic departments. Within the West Midlands Regional Health Authority a group of dietitians worked with the Regional Management Services Department to adapt a community nursing system, F.I.P., for use by dietitians. The system was piloted for all paramedical services in 1987 with one health district (North Warwickshire) piloting the dietetic package. It is now used by a range of dietetic and paramedical departments. This paper outlines the system and its uses.     

Evaluation ofin vitro drug screening leads using experimental models of human ovarian cancer

Summary Five compounds which were identified as potential new anticancer drugs inin vitro screening with the human tumor colony forming assay were selected for further evaluation usingin vitro andin vivo models of human ovarian cancer. Three of five compounds were found to inhibitin vitro colony formation of ovarian cancer cell lines derived from both untreated and combination chemotherapy refractory patients. One compound was also found to prolong survival in a human ovarian carcinoma xenograft model system. This compound, chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide, was selected for development and has shown preliminary indication of activity in phase I clinical testing.     

力学在食管胃腔内弹力环扎吻合术的应用

本文探讨食管胃腔内弹力环扎吻合术的力学机理。这是一种不用任何缝合材料或吻合器进行胃食管吻合的新技术,我们已成功应用于临床。取临床所用的乳胶管按该材料多向异性特征、实验条件以及弹力环数目分为8组,每组3个样品进行各种体外力学试验。通过应力—应变(拉力—伸长)关系曲线和定伸长松驰试验确定它的力学特性是一种粘弹性材料。根据实验所得的应力换算为弹力环对食管和胃组织所施加的最佳压力(压强)是4.23±0.23Kg/cm~2,这样才能保证这一种新颖的吻合术可达到简便、安全、可靠的目的。     

MANAGEMENT TO PREVENT BLEEDING DURING ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION USING THE FLUSH KNIFE FOR GASTRIC TUMORS

The gastric vasculature responsible for intraoperative bleeding in endosocpic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the ramified vascular network occupying the middle of the submucosal layer and large vessels penetrating the muscle layer. Appropriate management for these vessels must be addressed. The trimming of the ramified vascular network can be safely performed with coagulation mode following shallow mucosal cutting. A large penetrating vessel usually requires precoagulation prior to dissection. These procedures are effectively performed with the water jet short needle knife (Flush knife).