中学生自我评价及其影响因素

目的 探讨中学生自我评价及其影响因素。方法 采用中学生自我评价量表、教师态度量表和中学生应对问卷对 1 335名中学生进行问卷调查。结果 学习方面的自我评价在性别和年级上有显著差异(P=0. 000);人际关系和外貌的自我评价在年级上存在显著差异(P=0. 000;P=0. 001);教师态度(Sig=0. 000)和中学生应对方式中的解决问题 (Sig=0. 000)、自责 (Sig=0. 000)和退避 (Sig=0. 000)人影响中学生学习自我评价;教师态度(Sig=0. 000)、解决问题 (Sig=0. 000)和自责 (Sig=0. 000)对中学生人际关系自我评价有显著影响;教师态度(Sig=0. 000 )、解决问题 (Sig=0. 000 )、自责 (Sig=0. 000 )、幻想(Sig=0. 000)和合理化(Sig=0. 000)外貌自我评价有显著影响。结论 中学生自我评价的三个方面存在不同的性别和年级差异,同时还会受到应对方式和教师态度的影响。     

小学生行为问题及家长、教师对其认识与态度的分析

目的 了解锦州市小学生行为问题的现状及其影响因素，探讨健康干预对提高小学生家长、教师对行为问题的认识及态度转变的影响。方法 采取整群抽样的方法，抽取锦州市两所小学1200名学生、1000名学生家长和121名教师为研究对象。利用Rutter行为问题量表和自行设计的小学生行为问题调查表进行调查和测评。结果 (1)小学生行为问题检出率为6．1％～9．8％，男生为8．9％～12．5％，女生为3．7％～7．5％；(2)影响小学生行为问题的主要因素是父母教育方式和父母关系；(3)通过健康干预，实验组的家长、教师对小学生行为问题的知晓率显著高于对照组。结论 小学生行为问题的发生与家庭环境密切相关，转变小学生的行为问题首先要提高成人对行为问题的认识，家庭和学校要为学生的健康成长营造一个和谐、融洽的环境。     

重庆市全科医学临床与社区教学基地师资培训初探

结合承办2008年重庆市全科医学临床与社区教学基地师资培训工作实践,介绍了培训工作要求,分析了参训师资结构,指出了存在的问题,提出了进一步改进措施。     

青年教师提高生物化学教学质量的几点体会

生物化学是医学生比较难学的一门必修课程，从青年教师转变角色，坚持多听课、多试讲、多请教、多阅读，合理安排授课内容，及时总结、把握重点等方面对青年教师如何提高教学水平进行了探讨。     

我校医学英语教学中存在的问题及改进策略

从教材、教师以及教学方法三方面探讨了医学英语教学中存在的问题,然后提出了相应的改进策略,包括在日常教学中循序渐进地实现医学英语与公共英语的衔接;制订医学英语教学大纲,组编合适的医学英语专业教材;增加医学英语课时,改革课程设置体系;培训专业的医学英语教师,提高教师素质以及改进医学英语教学手段和方法,提高教学质量等。     

地方高校青年教师职业倦怠的归因及干预

本文阐述了教师职业倦怠的内涵及其表现，分析了地方高校青年教师职业倦怠的成因，如对角色转换的不适应、理想与现实的反差、付出与回报的显著不平衡、地域因素、角色负荷过度等。在此基础上，探讨了应从。主客观方面进行干预，以缓解或消除地方高校青年教师职业倦怠，并提出了综合措施。     

影响高校教师亚健康状态的成因分析

目的了解高校教师亚健康状态的存在现状，探索引起高校教师亚健康发生的相关危险因素，为进一步提出相应的预防措施提供依据。方法采用统一调查表，以单位统一发放，当场填写收回，亚健康状态的确定采用康乃尔医学指数（CMI）。结果高校教师亚健康状态发生率为55．11％，男性62．61％，高于女性42．96％，二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；不同年龄、职称组间教师亚健康状态发生率总的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），年龄越大、职称越高者亚健康状态发生率也较高；吸烟、酗酒和缺乏体育锻炼会增高亚健康状态发生率，回归分析显示，影响教师亚健康状态的主要因素有年龄、锻炼态度、睡眠质量、吸烟酗酒、心理环境、疼痛、人际关系、压力、自我保健等。结论高校教师亚健康状态发生率较高，随着年龄、职称的变化发生率逐渐增高，同时个人生活行为与心理因素对亚健康发生影响较大，应采取针对性干预措施，对高校教师健康水平具有重要意义。     

Perceptions of teachers regarding sex education in national capital territory of Delhi

A cross sectional study was conducted to find out the knowledge and attitudes of school teachers regarding sex education. Information was collected from 476 senior secondary school teachers belonging both to the government and public schools, selected randomly in National Capital Territory of Delhi using pre-tested close ended questionnaires. A majority of school teachers (73%) were in favour of imparting sex education to school children. Regarding contents of sex education, 90% agreed to the inclusion of reproductive anatomy, physiology including menstruation and birth control measures like condoms and oral pills. However, a majority of school teachers did not want sex education to include topics like abortion, premarital sex and masturbation etc. Fourteen years of age was considered to be the most appropriate for imparting sex education by 28.6% of school teachers. School teachers and doctors were considered by 69.4% and 63.6% of the respondents respectively to be the most appropriate persons for providing sex education.     

高校教师心理健康现状分析与干预对策

目的：探讨高校教师的心理健康现状，进而提出干预对策。方法：对172名高校教师进行SCL-90测试。结果：大学教师躯体化因子分和焦虑因子分高于全国常模，其余因子分均低于全国常模，差异均有显著性；男教师的人际关系敏感因子分和敌对因子分高于女教师，女教师的抑郁因子分和焦虑因子分高于男教师。差异均呈显著性；40岁以上教师组的躯体化问题较多。结论：高校教师的心理健康处于较好水平，但仍存在一些问题。根据我国高校教师的心理卫生现状提出干预对策，呼吁全社会应该关注高校教师的心理健康。     

Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use and incidence of breast cancer in the California Teachers Study cohort

We examined the association between residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use and breast cancer incidence among members of the California Teachers Study cohort, a large study of professional school employees with extensive information on breast cancer risk factors, followed for cancer incidence since 1995. We identified 1552 invasive breast cancer cases, diagnosed between 1996 and 1999, among 114,835 cohort members. We used California Pesticide Use Reporting data to select pesticides for analysis based on use volume, carcinogenic potential, and exposure potential; a Geographic Information System was used to estimate pesticide applications within a half-mile radius of subjects' residences. We applied Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard rate ratios (HR) for selected pesticides, adjusting for age, race, and socioeconomic status. We saw no association between residential proximity to recent agricultural pesticide use and invasive breast cancer incidence. HR estimates for the highest compared to the lowest exposure categories for groups of agents were as follows: probable or likely carcinogens (1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-1.32), possible or suggestive carcinogens (1.06, 95% CI: 0.87-1.29), mammary carcinogens (1.15, 95% CI: 0.90-1.48), and endocrine disruptors (1.03, 95% CI: 0.86-1.25). HR estimates for other groups and individual pesticides did not differ from unity, nor was there a trend for any groupings of or individual pesticides examined. Stratifying by menopausal status or family history of breast cancer did not substantially affect our results. Our analyses suggest that breast cancer incidence is not elevated in areas of recent, high agricultural pesticide use in California.