自体脾静脉移植在门静脉和肠系膜上静脉联合切除的胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的：探讨以自体脾静脉重建门静脉系统在联合PV/SMV切除的胰十二指肠切除术中临床应用的可行性。方法：回顾性分析3例胰头癌病人在胰十二指肠切除术中采用脾静脉替代门静脉系移植的应用及其效果。结果：手术均顺利,门静脉阻断时间分别为52min、38min和30min。术后B超随访无脾肿大、腹水等情况,门静脉流量均正常（分别为1450ml/min、1200ml/min和1500ml/min）,术后CTA复查显示重建的血管血流通畅,无血栓形成或狭窄,术后生活质量得到明显改善,黄疸消失,肝功能正常,均痊愈出院。结论：在联合PV/SMV切除的胰十二指肠切除术中采用自体脾静脉替代门静脉系的移植是可行的。     

腹腔镜门静脉插管皮下泵植入术(附4例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜门静脉插管皮下泵植入术的手术方法与技巧。方法:回顾分析4例晚期原发性肝癌患者行腹腔镜门静脉插管皮下泵植入术的临床资料。结果:4例晚期原发性肝癌患者行腹腔镜门静脉插管皮下泵植入术均获成功,无中转开腹、手术死亡及手术并发症发生,患者均于术后3d接受经皮下泵门静脉灌注化疗。结论:腹腔镜门静脉插管术安全可行,丰富的腹腔镜手术经验、手术组医师之间的协调配合与合适的病例选择是保证手术成功的关键。     

包含颈外静脉的颈阔肌肌皮瓣修复口腔癌切除后缺损

目的探讨将颈外静脉包含在颈阔肌肌皮瓣内修复口腔癌切除后缺损的手术方法。方法先形成蒂在颌缘下包含颈外静脉的颈阔肌肌皮瓣，待口腔肿瘤切除后，将肌皮瓣经口底隧道引入口腔修复缺损。结果临床应用17例，肌皮瓣均无血运障碍，100％存活，其中有2例发生口面痿，经换药后痿口完全闭合。结论将颈外静脉包含在颈阔肌肌皮瓣内有助于肌皮瓣血循环的改善和存活率的提高。     

髋臼骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的多因素分析

目的 分析影响髋臼骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的危险因素.方法 对102髋臼骨折术后DVT发生情况进行分析.术前及术后7～10d均用彩色多普勒检查双下肢深静脉血流通畅情况及DVT的发生,并对11项临床因素与人工关节置换术后DVT形成的相关性进行分析.结果 髋臼骨折术后发生DVT有18例,DVT发生率为17.65%(18/102).经Logistic多因素回归分析,与DVT相关的因素有6个,其中年龄、肥胖、静脉曲张及手术方式使术后发生DVT的风险分别增加到4.075、7.803、46.176和4.251倍(P＜0.05);硬膜外麻醉和踝泵练习使术后发生DVT的风险减少到0.121和0.114倍(P＜0.01).结论 年龄和肥胖是人工关节术后发生DVT的危险因素,而硬膜外麻醉和踝泵练习则是术后发生DVT的保护因素.髋臼骨折术后无症状DVT的大量存在,提示术后最好常规行双下肢彩色多普勒检查,一旦有DVT发生,及时治疗,防止发生致命性肺栓塞.     

大隐静脉曲张激光闭合术时高位结扎与未高位结扎的近期复发率对比研究

目的 研究大隐静脉激光闭合术时高位结扎与未高位结扎对近期复发率的影响,明确大隐静脉激光闭合术时是否有必要附加大隐静脉高位结扎术。方法 将2004年3月至2006年3月接受大隐静脉激光闭合术的215例患者随机分为两组,A组：大隐静脉高位结扎加激光闭合术,B组：单纯大隐静脉激光闭合术,比较其术后复发率及并发症的区别。结果 随访6～29个月,1例失访,无深静脉血栓及肺栓塞发生。A组复发4例,复发率3.8%,B组复发9例,复发率8.3%,两组复发病例病因均为原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全,单纯大隐静脉曲张术后无复发。经统计学分析,两组复发率无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 没有证据表明行大隐静脉激光闭合术时首先行高位结扎更有优势,未高位结扎并不增加深静脉血栓形成及肺栓塞的发生机会。     

腹腔镜治疗小儿疝及鞘膜积液180例报告

目的：探讨腹腔镜治疗小儿腹股沟斜疝及交通性鞘膜积液的新方法。方法：行腹腔镜手术治疗小儿腹股沟斜驰及交通性鞘膜积液180例,其中小儿腹股沟斜疝150例,右侧80例,左侧40例,双侧30例;单侧斜疝中20例有对侧隐性疝;交通性鞘膜积液30例,右侧20例,左侧10例。均在腹腔镜下行内环口荷包缝合高位结扎术＋积液抽出术。结果：手术时间单侧疝平均5-10min,双侧疝10～20min。术后平均1．5d出院,皮肤切口无需缝线。无并发症发生。随访6～24个月,平均12个月,未见复发。结论：腹腔镜下内环口高位结扎术＋积液抽出术具有安全有效、创伤小、无瘢痕、康复快、住院时间短、操作简便、无需特殊器械等优点,无阴囊感染、睾丸扭转及缺血坏死、切口感染、髂腹沟及髂腹下神经损伤、腹股沟区疼痛麻木等并发症发生,疗效满意。     

“Extended length” endoscopic harvest of the great saphenous vein for coronary artery bypass grafting

Introduction The endoscopically harvested vein from thigh usually falls short by half to one length in patients requiring multiple conduits. Increased risk of complications precludes routine endoscopic vein harvest from the leg and an extra incision for open technique is often required thereby nullifying the sole purpose of the former. We employed the endoscope to harvest this extra length of vein from the upper half of the leg with little or no extra risk. Methods From January 2006 to September 2006 we endoscopically harvested the vein in thigh as well as the leg using the same entry point incision over the medial epicondyle in 40 cases. The only exclusion criterion for the study was a superficial location and subcutaneous visibility of the vein in the leg. We made 3 incisions in each patient of average size 2.5 cm. Results Five patients required conversion to the open technique. The average harvest time was 59 minutes. Average length of the conduit was 48 cms. Complications included 1 minor wound infection, 1 case of superificial wound dehiscence, 1 haematoma requiring aspiration and minor erythema at the incision site in 2 patients. Most common complication observed was ecchymosis in 6 patients (5 high; 3 leg). None of the patient developed lymphoedema and none required re-hospitalization for vein harvest related wound complications. Conclusion “Extended endoscopic vein harvest” and avoidance of the open incision was possible in most patients with no additional risk and that the procedure could be routinely employed in patients requiring multiple conduits.     

Traumatic Injury of the Superior Mesenteric Vein: Ligate,Repair or Shunt?

Abstract We report a case of SMV injury in a critically ill patient. The patient was a 19-year-old woman involved in a motor vehicle collision. Her injuries included grade II splenic and renal lacerations, devascularized and lacerated right and transverse colon, a transected transverse mesocolon, a massive shear injury of her abdominal wall, and two partial SMV transections. At initial damage control laparotomy, the SMV was ligated, the devascularized bowel resected and a temporary abdominal closure applied. At re-operation, a mesocaval shunt using saphenous vein was employed. The shunt failed and the patient required a saphenous vein jump graft. Although visceral vascular injuries are rare, ligation of the SMV in a damage control situation is acceptable. This case study is the first to discuss appropriate treatment when interruption to a patient's collateral visceral venous drainage limits the surgeon’s ability to ligate. In these situations, bypass shunts may be successful.     

优化截断结扎术治疗重度混合痔的临床疗效

为探讨优化截断结扎术治疗重度混合痔的临床应用价值,本研究将初次手术的120例重度混合痔患者随机分为两组,即优化截断结扎术组（治疗组,60例）和外剥内扎术组（对照组,60例）,并进行连续观察,对两组治愈率、创面愈合时间、住院灭数、予术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症及手术安全性进行对比分析。结果显示,治疗组治愈54例（90．0％）,好转6例,有效率为100％;对照组治愈52例（86．7％）,好转8例,有效率为100％。两组治愈率和有效率差异均无统计学意义,P〉0．05。治疗组平均住院天数、创面愈合时间、手术时间明显短于对照组,P〈0．05;且术中出血量明显少于对照组,P〈0．05。治疗组住术后疼痛、肛缘水肿、皮赘残留方面优于对照组,P〈0．05;而在术后出血、肛门狭窄、排尿困难方面,两组差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05。结果表明,优化截断结扎术治疗重度混合痔,可以明显缩短手术时间、住院天数及创面愈合时间,减少术中出血最,减轻术后并发症,是一种较好的手术方法。