2010-2012年芜湖市男男性行为者人群艾滋病血清学及行为学调查分析

目的 了解男男性行为者艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染率和行为学特征,为在该人群中开展更有效的艾滋病预防控制工作提供依据.方法 用分类滚雪球的抽样方法对男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)进行匿名问卷调查,同时采集外周血样进行HIV和梅毒血清学检测.结果 2010-2012年分别调查了422人,422人和434人,3次调查中调查对象的艾滋病知识知晓率无差异,调查对象HIV和梅毒确认检出率呈增高趋势,最近一次与同性发生性行为时安全套使用率差异有统计学意义(X2=128.39,P＜0.001),最近半年与同性性行为均用安全套的率差异无统计学意义(X2=0.83,P=0.660),最近半年与异性发生性行为比例呈下降趋势.接受艾滋病相关服务者所占比例呈增加趋势(X2=44.50,P＜0.001).结论 芜湖市MSM人群HIV感染率高,存在高危行为,应进一步加强干预工作.     

大连市2013年公共场所游泳池水质卫生抽检结果分析

目的通过分析大连市公用场所卫生抽检结果,为加强当地公共场所卫生监督管理提供科学依据。方法对大连市2013年33家游泳馆类场所69份游泳池水卫生质量监测结果进行分析。结果大连市2013年抽检69份游泳池水总合格率为78.26%,其中pH和尿素的合格率为94.20%,浑浊度的合格率为100.00%,游离性余氯的合格率为85.51%,细菌总数和大肠菌群的合格率为97.10%,两类场所游泳池水质结果比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 2013年大连市的游泳池水质抽检结果不如上年,卫生部门应继续加强监督管理。     

CT球管热负荷关系数据库的研究

目的：通过构建经验数据库与球管热负荷关系数据库进行比对,智能监测判断球管散热状态及自动控制冷风机和CT操作．使球管处于安全的热运行状态,方法：构建经验数据库．计算机通过测量的多点温度数据与数据库进行比对推理．判断球管散热回路的故障及效能状态．自动恒定扫描机架的环境温度．超出限制温度时锁定CT操作,结果：利用该数据库可以合理、高效地维护和利用球管,保持球管的良好性能,避免球管过热运行,大大延长球管的寿命。结论：该数据库的构建．实现了无线实时监测冷却油回路多点温度及扫描机架环境温度数据,从单点单一的开关量转变为多点动态的变化过程量     

医院门诊处方质量控制抽样体系的研究及构建

目的：探究医院门诊处方点评过程中,科学的处方抽样方法。方法：通过引入GB/T 2828.1-2012国家抽样标准,结合随机抽样理论,采用SPSS13.0统计软件包Rv.Normal功能辅助完成抽样过程。结果：结合处方抽样实例,通过科学抽样体系,实践抽样过程,为门诊处方点评工作实现科学抽样提供理论依据。结论：该抽样方法能够提高处方抽样的科学性,使门诊处方点评结果更能体现医院处方总体质量。     

Extending cluster lot quality assurance sampling designs for surveillance programs

Lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) has a long history of applications in industrial quality control. LQAS is frequently used for rapid surveillance in global health settings, with areas classified as poor or acceptable performance on the basis of the binary classification of an indicator. Historically, LQAS surveys have relied on simple random samples from the population; however, implementing two‐stage cluster designs for surveillance sampling is often more cost‐effective than simple random sampling. By applying survey sampling results to the binary classification procedure, we develop a simple and flexible nonparametric procedure to incorporate clustering effects into the LQAS sample design to appropriately inflate the sample size, accommodating finite numbers of clusters in the population when relevant. We use this framework to then discuss principled selection of survey design parameters in longitudinal surveillance programs. We apply this framework to design surveys to detect rises in malnutrition prevalence in nutrition surveillance programs in Kenya and South Sudan, accounting for clustering within villages. By combining historical information with data from previous surveys, we design surveys to detect spikes in the childhood malnutrition rate. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

2012年黄埔区0～6岁儿童体格发育调查分析

目的 通过调查黄埔区0～6岁儿童体格发育情况,了解和掌握该地区儿童的营养、体格发育状况.方法 采用整群分层抽样的方法,按男、女22个年龄组抽取0～6岁健康儿童2 200人,共发放体格发育调查卡2 200张,收回有效卡2 130张.结果 黄埔区7岁以下儿童生长发育遵循自然规律,并且有性别差异,男童身高、体重大于女童;与2005年9市城区正常儿童体格发育衡量均值相比,有明显的增长.结论 黄埔区7岁以下儿童的生长发育水平和营养状况比2005年有明显提高.     

Peptide encapsulation regulated by the geometry of carbon nanotubes

In this work the encapsulation of an α-helical peptide in single carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with similar diameter and length but different geometry (armchair and zigzag) was investigated through molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations. Our simulation results showed that in vacuo it makes no evident difference whether the investigated peptide is encapsulated in armchair or zigzag CNTs; however, in aqueous solution the armchair CNT encapsulates the peptide remarkably easier than the zigzag CNT does. A detailed analysis revealed that the equilibrium conformation of the water molecules inside the CNTs with varying geometry mediates the peptide encapsulation. It suggests that the water molecules play an important role in regulating behaviors of biomolecules in bio-systems. Then the impact of the CNT geometry on the conformational changes of the confined peptide was studied. Analyses of secondary structures showed the α-helix of the peptide could be better maintained in the zigzag CNT.