The popularization and application of cold storage red blood cells or whole blood at −80 °C of the Rh(D) negative patients in surgical operation

Summary The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at −80 °C used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood stored at −80 °C for 180 to 360 days. The changes in the indexes, such as blood TB, DB, K⁺, Na⁺, BUN, Cr, urine protein (URPO), UOB, Hb, HCT, serum total protein, relative to hemolytic reaction and blood volume before and after transfusion were observed. The results showed that after transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood 27 cases were negative for urine protein and UOB, and the levels of BUN and Cr were normal (P>0.05). Blood TB, DB, Hb, and HCT were increased, while pH, blood K⁺ and blood Na⁺ was normal with the difference being not significant before and after operation (P>0.05). Plasma protein was decreased, but there was no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05). It was suggested that CSRBC or whole blood at −80 °C could be safely infused to the Rh(D) negative patients without side effects during the surgical operation. YU Zhongqing, male, born in 1957, Technician in Charge     

Phospholipid determination in platelets,plasma and red cells of patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders

Abstract: Red cell phospholipids (PLs) were assessed in 11 patients with essential thrombocythemia and 5 patients with polycythemia vera. Platelet and plasma PLs were also determined in 10 of these patients, and the results were compared with studies performed in 16 healthy volunteers. The amount of platelet PLs in patients was similar to controls (556 ± 90 nmol/10⁹cells, versus 481 ± 91 nmol/10⁹cells), as was the percentage of the main specimens of these compounds, including phosphatidylserine (11.1 ± 0.8%), which is relevant for platelet procoagulant activity. We did not find differences between red cell PLs of patients (300 ± 60 nmol/10⁹cells), versus controls (289 ± 71 nmol/10⁹cells), and the sphingomyelin/phosphatidylcholine ratio in these cells was the same in both groups (0.75 ± 0.1). Finally, we did not detect any alteration in the amount of plasma PLs specimens.     

Normal splenic function in children with the nephrotic syndrome

Children with the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) are known to be susceptible to bacterial infections. A recent report suggested that splenic hypofunction may be responsible for this immunological defect. We assessed splenic function by counting the circulating pocked red blood cells (PkRBCs) using interference phase contrast microscopy. PkRBCs are removed by the spleen, so that normal eusplenic individuals have less than 2% PkRBCs while asplenics have 15%–30%. Intermediate values are seen in hyposplenism. Thirty-three measurements of PkRBCs were made in 19 children with NS (mean age 7.5±0.8 years). PkRBCs were normal in all children tested (range 0–0.8%), including two patients with bacterial peritonitis associated with relapse. Thus we were unable to find evidence of hyposplenism in children with NS.     

微囊化猪视网膜色素上皮细胞移植治疗帕金森病的实验研究(英文)

目的研究微囊化后的猪视网膜色素上皮细胞(retinal pigment epithelial,RPE)对帕金森病大鼠模型的移植疗效。方法原代培养RPE 并传代,高效液相色谱法测定培养液上清中多巴胺(dopamine, DA)和高香草酸(homovanillic acid, HVA)的含量,ELISA法检测脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)和胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF)的含量。用高压静电成囊装置制备海藻酸钠-多聚赖氨酸-海藻酸钠微囊化细胞。6-羟基多巴胺(6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA)毁损内侧前脑束 (medial fore-brain bundle,MFB)建立 SD 大鼠帕金森病模型。立体定向移植 RPE+ 微囊,检验旋转实验、免疫组化和脑内生化的变化。结果 RPE 培养上清液中DA、HVA、BDNF、GDNF 的含量稳定,微囊化后细胞长期存活,活性没有明显变化。6-OHDA毁损MFB建立大鼠帕金森病模型的成模率为83%。移植微囊化的RPE后有效率为33%。结论猪 RPE 体外培养生长旺盛,持续分泌 DA、BDNF 和 GNDF,微囊化不影响其分泌功能。RPE 移植对帕金森病大鼠有一定的治疗作用。     

Age, lens transmittance, and the possible effects of light on melatonin suppression

Recently it has been suggested that a previously undetected, rhodopsin-based, visual pigment, located in some retinal ganglion cells and having a peak sensitivity around 460 nm, may be responsible for light-induced melatonin suppression and, perhaps, maintenance of the circadian rhythm. Using data from the literature, it is shown that, as absorption in the crystalline lens for shorter visible wavelengths increases substantially with age, while the pupil diameter tends to decrease, the effective retinal exposure received under the same ambient lighting conditions by the pigment is almost 10 times lower in an old, as compared with a young, eye. Interestingly, replacement of the old crystalline lens by an intraocular implant restores the exposure to youthful levels. The possible effects of these changes with age on circadian rhythms are discussed.     

Treatment of pigment epithelial detachments due to age-related macular degeneration with intra-ocular C3F8 injection*

Purpose: To flatten pigment epithelial detachments (PED) cue to age-related macular degeneration in an attempt to visualize the underlying choroidal neovascularization by fluorescein angiography (FA) and reveal a treatment target. Methods: Nine patients with PED received intravitreal gas injections via the pars plana and postured face down. Fluorescein angiograms were obtained before and after gas injection. In two patients, retinal scotopic sensitivity was also measured. Results: Eight patients demonstrated change in the shape and size of the PED following gas injection. Four patients showed a better delineation of underlying structures on FA. Three patients had focal laser treatment to the newly visible choroidal neovascular complex, but this was successful in only one patient with flattening of the PED. Conclusion: Pigment epithelial detachments can be modified by intravitreal gas injection in some patients, but this treatment did not have a major impact on overall outcome or management.     

Observations on two members of the Swedish family with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia,type III

Abstract: Two affected individuals of the Swedish family with CDA, type III, in which the disease is transmitted as an autosomal dominant character, were studied. Both cases displayed features hitherto undescribed in this family but described in patients with CDA, type III, in whom the inheritance may have been as an autosomal recessive character. Such features were: (a) haemosiderinuria, (b) grossly disorganised erythroblast nuclei, (c) differences in the ultrastructural appearances of individual nuclei within the same multinucleate erythroblast and (d) intraerythroblastic inclusions resembling precipitated globin chains. In both cases the giant mononucleate erythroblasts and the multinucleate erythroblasts had total DNA contents up to 28c (1c = haploid DNA content) and 48c respectively, and some DNA synthesising bi- and multinucleate erythroblasts contained one or more nuclei which were unlabelled with ³H-thymidine. These findings are similar to those in patients with the autosomal recessive type of disease. Thus no major phenotypic differences are yet apparent between cases of CDA, type III, with different patterns of inheritance. Analysis of the surface erythrocyte proteins of the 2 Swedish CDA, type III, patients with monoclonal antibodies recognising Band 3, glycophorins A, B, C and D, Rh, CD44, CD47, CD55, CD58, CD59, Lutheran, Kell, LW and acetylcholinesterase did not reveal any gross abnormality of expression of these proteins. A slightly altered expression of blood group antigens A and H was revealed by the lectins Dolichos biflorus and Ulex europaeus and the Mr of Band 3 as judged by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was also slightly reduced, suggesting that there may be minor alterations in the degree of N-glycosylation of some red cell membrane constituents.     

亚硝酸根与中性红显色反应的分光光度研究及其分析应用

本文研究了亚硝酸根与中性红显色反应的条件。在0.09～0.4mol/L HCl介质中,亚硝酸根与中性红生成紫蓝色化合物,其最大吸收峰位于535nm处,反应灵敏(∑_(645)nm=7.40×10~3和9.81×10~3L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),选择性好。亚硝酸根含量在0～5μg/25ml及5～25μg/25ml范围内遵守比尔定律。本法曾用于水、土壤及蔬菜中微量亚硝酸根的测定获得满意的结果。     

低温洗涤红细胞肺保护液对体外循环术后肺保护作用的研究

目的:探讨体外循环(cardiopulmonarybypass,CPB)术中采用低温洗涤红细胞肺保护液实施肺动脉灌注对肺的保护效果。方法:随机选取20例风湿性单纯二尖瓣病变合并中度肺动脉高压的患者,分为肺动脉灌注组和对照组(每组各10例)。灌注组在主动脉阻断后,经肺动脉根部间断灌注低温洗涤红细胞肺保护液,测定两组患者围术期的机械通气时间、肺血管阻力、白细胞比值(静脉血/动脉血)、肺循环血浆MDA含量。结果:体外循环术后灌注组机械通气时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05);各时点肺血管阻力、白细胞比值(静脉血/动脉血)、肺循环血浆MDA含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:低温洗涤红细胞肺保护液肺动脉灌注对体外循环术后肺损伤有明显的保护作用.