基于住院病案首页数据的全国部分医院心血管临床专科评估探索

目的运用“基于住院病案首页数据的心血管临床专科评估框架”,对全国部分医院的心血管临床专科进行评估。方法梳理112所医院心血管专科重点疾病和重点手术操作的编码情况,计算评估框架中的各个指标,根据医院纳入标准,运用基于数据的多指标综合评价方法,对医院进行打分排序。结果112所医院2010—2012年心血管疾病患者出院人次、重点疾病和重点手术/操作缺失数量均呈偏态分布。按照综合评价医院的纳入标准共56所医院纳入排序,前十位是YN05、SD04、BJ14、SH02、ZJ01、HN01、SX09、YN08、SD01、SX08。重点疾病和重点手术操作均完整的医院共12所,其排序是:BJ14、SH02、HN02、BJ01、TJ01、SH05、SC01、NA03、GD02、SH08、YN03、HL01。本研究综合评价的56所医院中,有30所在国家公布的名单之内,26所不在国家公布的名单之内。结论运用“基于住院病案首页数据的心血管临床专科评估框架”进行心血管临床专科评估是科学、可行的,为专科评估方法提供了新的思路,为专科对口支援建设提供了数据支持。     

病案首页与编码质量对病种付费的影响

目的探究病案首页与编码质量对病种付费产生的影响。方法2019年1—12月纳入研究的1056例病案首页均为该院产科、颅脑外科、普通外科、肿瘤科及心外科5个科室所收纳,依照回顾性分析方式进行平均分组,病案首页均经针对性措施解决病案首页问题,并经校对手段质控编码确认无误(试验组,n=528),重新编码前病案首页(对照组,n=528),分析两组数据差异及变化情况。结果试验组的病种付费质量包括医院数据统计分数、病案信息利用分数、疾病分组准确分数及医院经济效益分数评估均显著高于对照组,试验组中出现病案内容与病案首页不符、遗漏诊断、不完整诊断和不正确诊断的病案不良事件发生概率显著低于对照组,试验组发生漏填、错填的缺陷问题发生率显著低于对照组,组间数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论分析病案首页质量,对影响病案首页的因素进行分析,进行针对性的改进,有利于提升病案质量,降低病案与编码质量对病种付费产生的不良影响。     

“四方联动”医疗卫生服务模式初探——以深圳市宝安区人民医院集团为例

深圳市长期以来一直沿用“院办院管”的社区卫生管理运作模式,但随着社康中心的发展,该模式的弊端逐渐显现。为推动医院院本部与下属社康中心深化合作,促进专科、全科高度融合发展,落实国家分级诊疗政策,宝安区人民医院集团创新探索“居民-社区-社区健康服务中心-医院(集团)”专病健康管理模式的四方联动,实现医院和社康中心共同管理患者,提高社区居民健康水平。通过对“四方联动”模式的概念、建设方案、实施效果进行介绍,为进一步完善“四方联动”发展模式提出政策建议。     

患者信息错误的常见原因分析及对策

目的:统计病案中患者信息修改原因的数据,对比实施对策的成效分析,为医院管理提供参考依据。方法:将2017年、2018年两年内登记的患者信息修改数据分类统计后采用EXCEL进行对比分析。结果:患者信息修改原因主要以患者姓名同音不同字修改为主,占65.23%,姓名、年龄全部修改的较少,占3.37%。针对患者基本信息的错误,2018年实施干预对策后,患者信息修改的例数较2017年有所减少。结论:患者信息修改存在诸多隐患,医院应通过加强管理,制定患者信息修改的相关规定,不断完善相关流程,以减少患者信息错误的发生,保证患者信息的准确性。     

社区卫生服务信息系统之健康档案研究

建立一套标准、规范、电子化的城市社区家庭个人健康档案模式及可接通互联网络的电脑管理信息系统,为社区工医生提供完整的、系统的居民健康状况数据,是社区医生掌握居民健康状况的基本工具,进行社区诊断的主要依据,是进行社区卫生管理的重要前提,也是我国卫生事业发展必然趋势。     

Estimating pneumococcal vaccine coverage among Australian Indigenous children and children with medically at-risk conditions using record linkage

BackgroundRisk-based recommendations are common for pneumococcal vaccines but little is known about their uptake. In Australia, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was funded only for Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) children and those with underlying medical conditions in 2001, and then there were different booster dose recommendations depending on risk after the introduction of universal PCV vaccination in 2005.MethodsWe measured coverage of PCV dose 3 and additional PCV and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) doses by risk group among children born in July 2001–December 2012 in two Australian states using linked immunisation and hospitalisation data (available until December 2013). We ascertained medical risk conditions using hospitalisation diagnosis codes and Indigenous status using an established algorithm, comparing coverage for children born pre (2001–2004) and post (2005–2012) universal PCV funding.ResultsAmong 1.3 million children, 63,897 (4.9%) were Indigenous and 32,934 (2.5%) had at least one medically at-risk condition identified by age 6 months. For births in 2001–2004, coverage for PCV dose 3 by 1 year of age was 37% for Indigenous, 15% for medically at-risk and 11% in other children, increasing to 83%, 91% and 92%, respectively for births in 2005–2012. In children with medically at-risk conditions, PCV dose 4 coverage by 2 years was 1% for 2001–2004 births, increasing to 9% for 2005–2012 births, with PPV23 coverage by 6 years 3% in both cohorts. Among eligible Indigenous children, PPV23 coverage by 3 years was 45% for 2001–2004 births and 51% for 2005–2012 births.ConclusionsCoverage with additional recommended booster doses was very low among children with medical conditions, and only modest among Indigenous children. If additional PCV doses are recommended for some risk groups, especially in the context of routine schedules with reduced doses (e.g. 2 + 1 and 1 + 1), measures to improve implementation will be required.     

基于政策工具的我国三医联动政策量化分析

目的:对我国发布的27份三医联动政策文件的政策工具进行分析,探究我国三医联动政策体系的着重点与缺失点,为健全我国三医联动政策体系提供参考。方法;以我国2014—2019年发布的27份三医联动政策文件为研究对象,以政策工具为视角对纳入分析的政策文件进行摘录和编码,采用内容分析法和定量分析法对各项政策工具进行统计分析,并确定其运用情况。结果:260个政策编号中,需求型,供给型和环境型政策工具分别占6.9%、24.6%和68.5%;医疗、医保和医药政策工具分别占54.2%、24.6%和21.2%。由此可以看出,我国三医联动改革对环境现状的依赖程度较大,需求与供给政策相对不足,而医疗则是三医联动改革的核心关键点。结论:应适当增加需求型和供给型政策工具,着重解决医疗方面的重难点问题,促使医疗、医保、医药三个利益主体达成合力,形成“三医既联又动”的协同发展机制。     

Linkage of Alzheimer's disease to chromosome 21 and chromosome 19 markers: Effect of age of onset assumptions

Age of onset heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease families was modelled by allowing for different liability classes for affected individuals according to their age of onset when calculating lod scores to chromosome 21 and chromosome 19 markers. Linkage to chromosome 21 was supported in the Boston data set, and the method of age correction did not greatly change the lod scores when only affected individuals were analyzed. The location of a gene on chromosome 19 for late age of onset illness was affected by the assumptions about early onset individuals. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

1 This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.