Measurement challenges in shared decision making: putting the ‘patient’ in patient‐reported measures

Measuring clinicians' shared decision‐making (SDM) performance is a key requirement given the intensity of policy interest in many developed countries – yet it remains one of the most difficult methodological challenges, which is a concern for many stakeholders. In this Viewpoint Article, we investigate the development of existing patient‐reported measures (PRMs) of SDM identified in a recent review. We find that patients were involved in the development of only four of the 13 measures. This lack of patient involvement in PRM development is associated with two major threats to content validity, common to all 13 PRMs of SDM: (i) an assumption of patient awareness of ‘decision points’ and (ii) an assumption that there is only one decision point in each healthcare consultation. We provide detailed examples of these threats and their impact on accurate assessment of SDM processes and outcomes, which may hamper efforts to introduce incentives for SDM implementation. We propose cognitive interviewing as a recommended method of involving patients in the design of PRMs in the field of SDM and provide a practical example of this approach.     

Modified Research Utilization Questionnaire: Development and Validation Study among Italian Nurses

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop the modified research utilization questionnaire (M-RUQ) and to establish its content and face validity, construct validity, and reliability.

综合生理-心理-社会评估问卷的信效度分析

目的 对综合生理-心理-社会评估问卷(UPPSAQ-70)进行信效度分析。方法 选取2013年4月至2018年7月就诊于北京协和医院、由医生开具心理评估、并在心理评估室同时完成UPPSAQ-70和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估的患者,固定因子数为8个因子和3个因子,进行探索性因子分析;采用Amos 23.0对原8因子模型、8因子模型-修订、原3因子模型、3因子模型-修订和单因子模型进行验证性因子分析;以SCL-90的各因子为校标,计算因子之间的相关系数,验证区分效度。对2018年7月完成UPPSAQ-70评估的患者进行重测,检验重测信度。 结果 UPPSAQ-70的8因子模型包含:情绪、焦虑与疲劳、睡眠、躯体不适、性功能、快乐和满意度、疑病和社交焦虑;3因子模型包含:心理维度症状、生理维度症状和社会维度症状。验证性因子分析提示,8因子修订模型具有较好的拟合程度(χ ²=10 410.4,df=1862,RMSEA=0.07,CFI=0.753,NFI=0.715)。8因子模型以SCL-90为校标,除情绪量表与抑郁(r=0.600)、焦虑(r=0.520)相关度相对较高,其他症状相关度较低(r<0.5)。量表各因子的Chronbach’s α系数在0.823~0.904之间,删除各条目后全量表的Chronbach’s α系数在0.954~0.956之间。该量表的重测信度为Chronbach’s α系数0.847,两次重测各项均显著相关(P<0.05)。 结论 UPPSAQ-70是良好的评估人的整体健康状况的量表,适宜综合医院使用。