和胃接骨胶囊对实验性大鼠骨折愈合过程中BMP-2表达的影响

为探讨和胃接骨胶囊对实验性大鼠骨折愈合过程中骨形态发生蛋白-2表达的影响，取SD大鼠60只，随机分为生理盐水组、麝香接骨丹组、和胃接骨胶囊组。徒手造成大鼠下肢胫腓骨标准骨折模型，造模成功后分别于1、2、4、6周每组断颈法处死5只大鼠，取骨痂组织制成病理切片，采用免疫组化染色技术进行染色，并用图像分析系统对骨形态发生蛋白-2的表达进行定量分析。结果显示，在骨折愈合过程中各组骨形态发生蛋白-2含量的总体变化趋势基本相同，骨形态发生蛋白-2表达的高峰都出现在骨折后第2周，但和胃接骨胶囊组骨形态发生蛋白-2阳性产物含量优于同期其他两组（P〈0．05）。表明和胃接骨胶囊能诱导骨形态发生蛋白-2的合成，可能是其促进骨折愈合的机理之一。     

胎儿皮肤创伤无瘢痕愈合机制的研究进展

妊娠早期胎儿皮肤创伤后愈合迅速且无瘢痕形成,揭示胎儿无瘢痕愈合机制以提高创面修复愈合质量,对临床上瘢痕的防治具有极其重要的意义。近年来虽已做了大量研究,但对妊娠早期胎儿无瘢痕愈合的产生机制还不完全清楚,本文主要从胎儿相关环境、成纤维细胞、细胞外基质、细胞因子、基因表达等方面阐明其可能的形成机制。     

经阴道超声诊断子宫切口假腔的临床价值

目的探讨经阴道超声诊断子宫切口假腔的临床价值。方法对56例月经期延长的剖宫产术后半年以上者经阴道超声探查。结果子宫切口假腔形成40例,子宫切口假腔声像学特征为:子宫下段切口处肌层部分或全部缺损,该处见不规则的液暗区,液暗区与宫腔相通,与浆膜层最近距离≤0.2cm。根据假腔的形态不同,可分为3种类型:类三角形、漏斗形和囊肿形。结论子宫切口假腔是造成剖宫产术后部分妇女经期延长的重要原因,应引起临床重视。     

肾窦内肾盂及肾实质切开取石治疗复杂性肾结石

目的探讨复杂性肾结石的手术治疗方法。方法采用肾窦内肾盂及肾实质切开取石治疗复杂性肾结石。结果89例复杂性肾结石经肾窦内肾盂及肾实质切开取石治疗,平均手术时间约130min,术中出血平均约200mL,取尽结石86例,术后常规B超或KUB检查,3例残留单个小结石。结论肾窦内肾盂及肾实质切开取石符合肾动脉及其分支的解剖,距结石较近,该手术操作简便、手术野暴露好、结石残留率低、无需阻断肾血流、出血少、肾组织损伤轻,对肾功能影响小,是治疗复杂性肾结石较理想的手术方法。     

A randomized prospective study on the effect of short and long Buserelin treatment in women with repeated unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles due to inadequate ovarian response

Fifty four women with repeated unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles due to inadequate ovarian response to stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) participated in this study. They were randomized to receive either gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GNRHa), Buserelin, prior to and during induction of ovulation by hMG (Group I—long protocol), or GnRHa starting on the first day of the cycle together with induction of ovulation by hMG (Group II—short protocol). Mean follicular phase serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone (P) levels were significantly lower in Group I than in Group II (P<0.01). Cancellation rate was significantly lower in Group I than in Group II (P<0.01). The long GNRHa protocol resulted in statistically significant lower cancellation rates, more oocytes per pickup (OPU), more embryos trans-ferred per patient, and a higher pregnancy rate. Significantly more hMG ampoules and more treatments days were required in the long GNRHa protocol. Our data demonstrate that the use of GNRHa prior to and during ovarian stimulation with hMG offers a very good alternative for patients with repetitive unsuccessful IVF cycles due to inadequate response.     

海螵蛸接骨动物实验的组织学研究

本文采用化学方法处理后的海螵蛸作为接骨材料，在８６只家兔身上行实验研究，并与同种异体家兔骨相比较，术后行一般情况及组织学检查，海螵蛸植入动物体内，周围组织不引起炎症、毒性及免疫反应，从节段缺损、空洞缺损的修复情况看，处理后的海螵蛸与兔骨在成骨方面无明显差异，检查结果表明海螵蛸具有良好的组织相容性以及良好的成骨支架作用。     

Effect of lens style on postoperative refractive astigmatism after small incision cataract surgery

Purpose : To evaluate the astigmatic results of two popular foldable intraocular lenses when standard surgical approaches are used in rural private practice in Australia. Methods : Four hundred consecutive cataract operations were followed in a prospective study. The refractive results of patients receiving the Alcon Acrysof MA30 lens were compared to those receiving the Allergan silicone SI40 lens. All patients were over 60 years of age and had no intercurrent ocular disease. Refractive and keratometric astigmatism was analysed both by vector analysis and as an absolute measure. Results and conclusion : The Acrysof lens is associated with less postoperative astigmatism (P = 0.01), than the Silicone SI40 lenses.     

Randomized comparative study of omeprazole and famotidine in reflux esophagitis

BACKGROUND: Although proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H2-receptor antagonists (H2-RA) are routinely used in the treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE), no consensus has been reached yet as to whether the first-choice drug should be PPI or H2-RA. In this study, the effects of omeprazole (OMP) and famotidine (FAM) on RE have been examined in a randomized comparative study. METHODS: Protocols of OMP 20 mg once daily or FAM 20 mg twice daily for 8 weeks were allocated to 56 cases with RE at random, using an envelope randomization method. Their efficacy in achieving healing was examined endoscopically and a relief from subjective symptoms was compared. RESULTS: Patient's background such as sex, age, recurrence, hiatal hernia, smoking and drinking habits, and complications, and the severity of esophagitis at the time of enrolment were not significantly different between the two groups. Healing in the OMP group and the FAM group was observed in 72 and 32% (P = 0.025) of patients at week 4 and 95 and 53% (P = 0.003) of patients at week 8, respectively. Subjective symptoms were relieved more frequently in the OMP group (at week 2, 67% compared with 29%, P = 0.005; at week 4, 95% compared with 55%, P = 0.009), but this superiority was not significant at week 8 (94% compared with 65%, P = 0.085). No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Omeprazole provided quicker healing and a greater relief from subjective symptoms than did FAM in the treatment of RE, and was considered more suitable as a first-choice drug.     

肺减容术治疗晚期肺气肿

目的 总结肺减容术治疗晚期肺气肿的临床经验。方法 回顾性分析22例晚期肺气肿行肺减容术患者的临床资料。结果 患者术前1s用力呼吸量（FEV1）为24．5％、残气量（RV）为196．5％、总肺活量（TLC）为130．5％,术后FEV1为27．8％、RV为148．8％,TLC为112．5％。术前16例患者经常吸氧,术后5例活动后需吸氧。术前16例完成6min行走试验,平均行走198m,术后所有患者均完成行走试验,平均行走256m。术前呼吸困难14例3级,8例4级;术后5例2级,13例3级,4例4级。结论 靶区明确的非均质型尤其泡性肺气肿是肺减容术最佳适应证,经严格选择均质型肺气肿病例亦可手术。手术适应证及禁忌证值得进一步探讨;胸腔镜辅助腋下小切口单侧肺减容术安全、可靠、有效;机械缝切器和牛心包加垫可减少漏气。