参麦注射液对盲肠结扎并穿孔致脓毒症大鼠的免疫调节作用

目的　探讨参麦注射液对盲肠结扎并穿孔 (CLP)引发脓毒症的免疫调节作用。方法　将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、CLP组、参麦组和生理盐水组 ,采用直接放射免疫分析法及酶联免疫吸附法分别测定血清皮质醇及肿瘤坏死因子 -α(TNF -α)含量 ,并行中性粒细胞(PMN)吞噬功能测定及白细胞移行抑制实验 (MIT)。结果　参麦注射液可提高PMN的吞噬率及改善胸腺指数、白细胞移行抑制指数 ,减少TNF -α过度释放 ,改善血清皮质醇水平。结论参麦注射液对盲肠结扎并穿孔引发脓毒症有免疫调节作用     

手十二井穴刺络放血法对MCAO模型大鼠大脑皮层c-fos蛋白表达的影响

目的 从脑内c-fos蛋白表达的角度观察井穴放血法对急性缺血性脑损伤的脑保护作用。方法 以凝结法阻断大鼠一侧大脑中动脉造成急性局灶性缺血性脑损伤模型(MCAO)，用免疫组织化学法观察缺血区皮层脑组织c-fos阳性细胞的表达变化及施加手十二井穴放血法后对其的干预治疗作用。结果 急性缺血性脑损伤可快速诱导c-fos蛋白在皮层缺血区脑组织的表达，其表达有随缺血时间延长逐渐增多的趋势，而缺血后即刻施加井穴放血的干预治疗．在1h、3h、6h、24h各缺血时间段均可明显上调缺血区皮层脑组织c-fos蛋白的表达水平。结论 c-fos蛋白表达既与缺血的严重程度有关．也反应神经元的应激反应能力，脑缺血能诱导c-fos蛋白的逐渐表达，提示脑的缺血性损伤可应激性地增强神经细胞对缺血、缺氧的耐受和适应能力。而早期施加井穴刺络放血疗法能进一步增强c-fos蛋白表达，提高神经细胞的应激能力，从而提高缺血区脑组织的抗损伤修复能力，减缓神经细胞凋亡，抵抗缺血性脑损害的进一步发展，产生有效的脑保护作用，表明井穴放血法对中风早期有一定的急救作用。     

角膜浅基质层针刺术联合软性角膜接触镜治疗丝状角膜炎临床观察

目的探讨角膜浅基质层针刺术联合软性角膜接触镜治疗丝状角膜炎的安全性和有效性。方法选择25例丝状角膜炎患者,表麻后刮除丝状物,间距0．5ram密集针刺病灶3ram范围内上皮层至浅基质层,术毕佩戴软性角膜接触镜,眼水点眼治疗原发病,随访观察。结果25例患者中21例症状完全消失,一次性治愈率84％,有效率100％。结论角膜浅基质层针刺联合软性角膜接触镜治疗丝状角膜炎是一种安全有效的方法,具有临床实用价值。     

替罗非班对糖尿病并ST段抬高急性心肌梗死PC I术后支架再狭窄的影响

目的探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术应用国产替罗非班对糖尿病ST段抬高急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人支架植入术后再狭窄的影响。方法104例首发ST段抬高AMI且有糖尿病并接受急诊PCI治疗的病人,随机分为替罗非班组(n=51)和常规治疗组(n=53),替罗非班组病人诊断后即刻给予替罗非班氯化钠注射液10μg·kg~(-1)于3 min内推注完毕,术后替罗非班0.15μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1)滴注24～36h,其余治疗同常规治疗组。均于术后6mo复查冠状动脉造影,了解支架内再狭窄的发生情况。结果与常规治疗组比较,替罗非班组术后6 mo支架再狭窄发生率减少(18%vs 10%),差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论替罗非班可降低糖尿病并ST段抬高急性心肌梗死病人急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后支架再狭窄的发生。     

The effectiveness of Salvianolate injection for in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:In-stent restenosis (ISR) caused by vascular remodeling after percutaneous coronary intervention limits the long-term efficacy of this method. Salvianolate injection is now widely used in the clinical treatment of ISR. However, there is no systematic review or meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of Salvianolate injection on ISR.Methods:We will search articles in 8 electronic databases, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database for randomized controlled trials of ISR treated by Salvianolate injection from their inception to February 27, 2022. The primary outcome measure will be the restenosis rate. The data meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed by RevMan V.5.4 software. Two authors evaluated the study using the Cochrane collaborative risk bias tool. We will use a scoring method to assess the overall evidence supporting the main results.Results:This study will analyze the clinical effectiveness of Salvianolate injection in the treatment of ISR.Conclusion:The findings of this systematic review will provide evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of Salvianolate injection for the treatment of ISR.INPLASY registration number:INPLASY202220117.     

药物洗脱支架治疗无保护左主干病变

目的 评价药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉无保护左主干(ULMCA)病变的安全性及疗效.方法 选择2002年10月～2007年11月我院收治经冠状动脉造影证实为无保护左主干病变患者44例;合并心功能不全(左室射血分数<40%)5例,肺功能减退2例,慢性肾功能不全5例;常规行冠状动脉造影及经皮冠状动脉介入治疗.分析其冠脉造影特征、手术成功率及临床随访结果 .结果 44例患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗即刻成功率为100%,无严重术中并发症,手术住院期间的病死率、非致死性心肌梗死率及急诊常规行冠状动脉造影率均为0%.所有患者均植入药物洗脱支架.术后平均随访14.2～9.3月(6～65月),所有患者均未发生亚急性或延迟性支架内血栓形成;6例(13.6%)患者有心绞痛症状复发;1例患者在术后4个月困心力衰竭死亡;37例(84.1%)患者无严重不良心血管事件发生.35例(79.5%)患者进行了冠状动脉造影复查,其中冠状动脉造影复查提示发生再狭窄3例(8.6%):1例为左主干远端分叉病变,分叉处再狭窄转外科行常规行冠状动脉造影术;2例左主干末端分叉病变分支开口发生再狭窄,使用切割球囊再次经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后,症状缓解.结论 对选择性的冠状动脉左主干病变使用药物洗脱支架行介入治疗安全有效,近、远期疗效良好.     

MIPPO技术结合锁定加压钢板对A型闭合性胫骨远端骨折患者踝关节功能及活动范围的影响

目的 探讨微创经皮钢板接骨术(MIPPO)结合锁定加压钢板对A型闭合性胫骨远端骨折患者踝关节功能及活动范围的影响.方法 选取2017年2月至2020年2月收治的A型闭合性胫骨远端骨折患者48例作为研究对象,以数字法将其随机分为对照组和观察组,各24例.对照组采用普通接骨板治疗,观察组采用MIPPO技术结合锁定加压钢板治...     

急性输尿管梗阻性肾功能衰竭的介入治疗

目的:评价经皮肾造瘘(PCN)及顺行性输尿管内支架管植入术(AIUS)在急性输尿管梗阻性疾病中的应用价值。方法:23例急性输尿管梗阻患者,男13例,女10例;结石梗阻14例,恶性梗阻5例,医源性梗阻4例;在超声和X线双监视下急诊经皮肾穿刺行PCN或AIUS。结果:技术成功率100%,共植入单J管16条,双J管14条;术后临床症状明显缓解,无严重并发症发生,3～7d患者肾功能均恢复至正常。结论:介入技术在了解急性输尿管梗阻性疾病成功率高,严重并发症发生率低,对及时挽救患者肾功能有着重要作用。     

Percutaneous Penetration Kinetics of Nitroglycerin and Its Dinitrate Metabolites Across Hairless Mouse Skin in Vitro

The percutaneous penetration kinetics of the antianginal, nitroglycerin (GTN), and its primary metabolites, 1,2- and 1,3-glyceryl dinitrate (1,2- and 1,3-GDN), were evaluated in vitro, using full-thickness hairless mouse skin. GTN and the 1,2- and 1,3-GDNs were applied (a) in aqueous solution as pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and (b) incorporated into lipophilic ointment formulations. The cutaneous transformation of GTN to its dinitrate metabolites was detected, but no interconversion between 1,2-GDN and 1,3-GDN was observed. Following application of the nitrates in PBS solution, all three compounds exhibited steady-state transport kinetics. The steady-state flux of GTN (8.9 ± 1.5 nmol cm^–2 hr^–1) was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of 1,2-GDN (0.81 ± 0.54 nmol cm^–2 hr^–1) and 1,3-GDN (0.72 ± 0.20 nmol cm^–2 hr^–1). The corresponding permeability coefficient () for GTN (20 ± 3 × 10^–3 cm hr^–1) was significantly larger than the corresponding values for 1,2-GDN (1.4 ± 0.9 × 10^–3 cm hr^–1) and 1,3-GDN (1.2 ± 0.4 × 10^–3 cm hr^–1), which were statistically indistinguishable (P > 0.05). Further analysis of the transport data showed that the differences between GTN and the GDNs could be explained by the relative stratum corneum/water partition coefficient (K _s) values of the compounds. The apparent partition parameters, defined as = K _s · h [where h is the diffusion path length through stratum corneum (SC)] were 19.8 ± 2.5 × 10^–2 cm for GTN and 1.91 ± 1.07 × 10^–2 and 1.81 ± 0.91 × 10^–2 cm for 1,2- and 1,3-GDN, respectively. However, when the nitrates were administered in an ointment base, the apparent partition parameter (') and permeability coefficient (') of GTN markedly decreased, to 2.51 ± 0.75 × 10^–2 cm and 1.6 ± 0.3 × 10^–3 cm hr^–1, respectively. In contrast, the ' and ' results for 1,2- and 1,3-GDN were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from the corresponding and values, which were measured following dosing as aqueous solutions. As a result, the steady-state fluxes of all three nitrates from the ointment formulation were comparable (GTN, 154 ± 28 nmol cm^–2 hr^–1; 1,2-GDN, 162 ± 22 nmol cm^–2 hr^–1; 1,3-GDN, 162 ± 34 nmol cm^–2 hr^–1). It follows that the dinitrates can be as efficiently delivered across the skin as GTN when a suitable formulation is employed. This finding may support transdermal therapy using 1,2- or 1,3-GDN if, indeed, they are found to be pharmacologically effective.     

促进剂对酮洛芬巴布剂体外透皮性的影响探讨

目的:通过几种常用促进剂对酮洛芬巴布剂体外促渗作用研究,筛选出适合用于酮洛芬巴布剂的透皮促进剂。方法:分别制备单独含2%或4%的桉叶油、油酸、薄荷脑、聚乙二醇400、月桂氮芯卓酮、聚山梨醇酯-80的酮洛芬巴布剂贴片,以及4%的桉叶油分别与2%的油酸、薄荷脑、聚乙二醇400合用的酮洛芬巴布剂贴片,采用改良Franz透皮扩散池,以离体小鼠背部皮肤为透皮屏障,贴敷12h,以渗透速率及12h累积渗透量为指标,探讨促进剂对酮洛芬体外透皮性的影响。结果:与空白组对照,2%聚山梨醇酯-80、2%月桂氮卓芯酮单独使用不能明显提高酮洛芬的渗透速率(P>0.05),4%聚山梨醇酯-80、4%月桂氮卓芯酮和其他的促进剂都能明显的提高酮洛芬的经皮渗透(P<0.01),对酮洛芬透皮速率提高大小顺序为油酸≥桉叶油>薄荷脑>聚乙二醇400>月桂氮卓芯酮>聚山梨醇酯-80。结论:油酸、桉叶油、薄荷脑、聚乙二醇400均可作为酮洛芬巴布剂透皮促进剂。