实习本科护生专业承诺对工作价值观的影响

目的了解实习本科护生专业承诺对工作价值观的影响。方法便利抽样选取某高校实习本科护生202名为研究对象,采用一般资料、大学生专业承诺调查量表和工作价值观量表对其进行调查,并分析其相关性。结果实习本科护生专业承诺评分为(88.20±11.76)分,工作价值观评分为(121.73±19.15)分;实习本科护生的专业承诺各维度与总分均与工作价值观评分呈正相关(P0.05);专业承诺的规范承诺和理想承诺维度是工作价值观的主要影响因素(均P0.05)。结论实习本科护生专业承诺对其工作价值观起着正面积极的影响,护理教育者应当采取相应的措施提高护生专业承诺水平,帮助其树立积极的工作价值观。     

Stroke unit Nurse Managers' views of individual and organizational factors liable to influence evidence‐based practice: A survey

The uptake of evidence into practice may be impeded or facilitated by individual and organizational factors within the local context. This study investigated Nurse Managers of New South Wales, Australia, stroke units (n = 19) in their views on: leadership ability (measured by the Leadership Practices Inventory), organizational learning (measured by the Organizational Learning Survey), attitudes and beliefs towards evidence‐based practice (EBP) and readiness for change. Overall Nurse Managers reported high‐level leadership skills and a culture of learning. Nurse Managers' attitude towards EBP was positive, although nursing colleague's attitudes were perceived as less positive. Nurse Managers agreed that implementing evidence in practice places additional demands on staff; and almost half (n = 9, 47%) reported that resources were not available for evidence implementation. The findings indicate that key persons responsible for evidence implementation are not allocated sufficient time to coordinate and implement guidelines into practice. The findings suggest that barriers to evidence uptake, including insufficient resources and time constraints, identified by Nurse Managers in this study are not likely to be unique to stroke units. Furthermore, Nurse Managers may be unable to address these organizational barriers (i.e. lack of resources) and thus provide all the components necessary to implement EBP.     

临床护士感知组织氛围与工作投入的关系分析

目的调查临床护士感知组织氛围与工作投入的状况,并分析二者的关系。方法采用护理组织氛围量表和护士工作投入量表对688名临床护士进行问卷调查。结果护士感知组织氛围总均分为(3.67±0.46)分;工作投入总均分为(3.43±1.12)分;临床护士感知组织氛围与工作投入呈正相关(P0.01或P0.05)。结论临床护士工作投入处于中等水平,护理管理者应认识到营造良好组织氛围的重要性,有针对性地采取有效措施以提高临床护士感知的组织氛围,提高其工作投入,促使其以积极状态投入护理工作,从而提高护理质量。     

护士职业获益感与组织承诺的相关性研究

目的调查护士职业获益感与组织承诺现状,并分析二者的相关性。方法采用护士职业获益感调查问卷和组织承诺调查表对280名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士职业获益感得分为(45.29±4.96)分,组织承诺得分为(48.55±2.96)分,处于中等水平,护士职业获益感与其组织承诺呈正相关(P0.01);护士获益感及3个维度职业保障、职业实惠、职业价值对组织承诺中的情感承诺、规范承诺、经济承诺3个方面均有影响(P0.01)。结论护士职业获益感对组织承诺有较好的正性预测作用,管理者应高度重视护士职业获益感对组织承诺的积极作用,采取针对性的干预强化其组织承诺,稳定护理队伍。     

上海浦东地区二级甲等医院低年资护士工作嵌入的影响因素

目的探讨低年资护士工作嵌入的影响因素。方法抽取上海市浦东地区二级甲等医院低年资护士278名,采用工作嵌入量表、组织氛围量表和护士专业价值观量表进行问卷调查。结果低年资护士整体工作嵌入呈中等水平,年龄、工作年限、晚夜班数量和上班距离是低年资护士工作嵌入的影响因素(P0.01或P0.05);资源保障、管理支持、质量管理、行动主义和信任对低年资护士工作嵌入有正向预测作用(P0.01或P0.05)。结论护理管理者应努力营造和谐的组织氛围,建立积极、正确的专业价值观,以降低护理人员的流动性,提高护理人员的留职意愿,稳定护理队伍。     

妇幼保健人员组织承诺及其影响因素的调查研究

目的了解乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健人员组织承诺的整体水平、产生机制和影响因素,对提高妇幼保健人员的组织承诺以及预防人员离职提出建议。方法通过发放《医务人员组织承诺与离职意愿调查问卷》进行自填调查;采用SPSS12.0统计软件进行多重线性回归分析。结果①性别和工作年限均会影响持续承诺和情感承诺。②性别会影响规范承诺。③性别、工作年限均会影响组织承诺。结论乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健人员的组织承诺在个人特征变量上存在一定差异,说明通过提高妇幼保健人员的组织承诺水平,可降低离职率,避免优秀人才的不断流失。     

基于图书馆组织文化的人力资源建设

基于图书馆组织文化在人力资源中的重大作用,提出了以图书馆组织文化为导向实现高效的人力资源建设,阐述了图书馆组织文化的内涵,分析了图书馆组织文化对人力资源建设的促进与阻碍作用,探讨以图书馆组织文化为导向实施人力资源有效建设的具体措施,以期实现图书馆人力资源效益最大化,更好地推进图书馆的建设与发展。     

A Stage I pilot study of acceptance and commitment therapy for methadone detoxification

Background

While agonist replacement therapies are effective for managing opioid dependence, community treatment programs are increasingly choosing detoxification. Unfortunately, success rates for opioid detoxification are very low, in part, due to physical and psychological symptoms associated with opioid withdrawal. Few behavior therapies specifically address the distressing experiences specific to opioid withdrawal. A novel behavioral treatment, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), works from the premise that the avoidance of unpleasant private experiences (thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations) is ubiquitous yet may be pathogenic, resulting in treatment drop-out and further drug use.

Methods

This Stage I pilot study developed and tested an ACT-based opioid detoxification behavioral therapy. Opioid dependent patients (N = 56) who were attending a licensed methadone clinic were randomized to receive either 24 individual therapy sessions of ACT or drug counseling (DC) in the context of a 6-month methadone dose reduction program.

Results

While no difference was found on opioid use during treatment, 37% of participants in the ACT condition were successfully detoxified at the end of treatment compared to 19% of those who received DC. Fear of detoxification was also reduced across time in the ACT condition relative to DC.

Conclusion

This first study of ACT to assist opioid detoxification indicates promise. Research is needed to refine specific treatment strategies for this population to further strengthen effects.     

Seeking Cultural Competence From the Ground Up

[Clin Psychol Sci Prac 18: 232–237, 2011] The present article briefly reviews early evidence of the applicability of acceptance and commitment therapy and its underlying psychological flexibility model to Asians and Asian Americans. Cultural adaptation is an important goal, and we describe how it might be due within a functional contextual approach, namely, by linking cultural knowledge to processes and principles of psychopathology and behavior change. This approach in essence links cultural adaptation to functional analysis. Ideas in the target article, for example about a transcendent sense of self, are used as examples of how this can be performed.     

救援官兵心理健康状况及组织影响因素分析

目的：探讨不同性质部队救援官兵心理健康状况及组织影响因素．方法：选取在5．12汶川地震中协同执行抗震救灾任务的某步兵和某航空兵共293名男性官兵,采用SCL-90问卷法和结构式访谈法,进行调查和分析．结果：两组官兵SCL-90问卷结果除躯体化因子分无显著性差异外,强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性及SCL-90部分均有显著性差异．通过访谈发现,两个部队在社会支持、团队氛围、团队管理、信息分享方面的做法都有很大不同．结论：在非战争军事救援行动中,组织中良好的团队氛围、足够的社会支持、充分的信息分享、构建开放的和自由的表达各种心理感受的平台是减少官兵心理问题的有效手段．