c-myc gene amplification detected in preinvasive intraepithelial cervical lesions

Abstract. Golijow CD, Abba MC, Mourón SA, Gómez MA, Dulout FN. c- myc gene amplification detected in preinvasive intraepithelial cervical lesions.
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the c -myc gene amplification process in cervical samples and to analyze the relationship between the activation of this proto-oncogene and the cytologic and/or histologic status. Thirty-four normal cervical samples and 105 abnormal cervical tissue scrapes, previously used for PAP or histopathologic diagnosis, were analyzed for c- myc gene amplification. Detection of c -myc gene amplification was performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method known as target arbitrarily primed -PCR (TAP-PCR). For c- myc amplification, significant differences were found between normal samples and samples presenting different grades of lesions ( P< 0.001). A significant difference between high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HG-SIL) and the other stages of cervical disease was also found ( P< 0.05). This study demonstrated that c- myc copy number increases according to the histologic grade of the lesion. These results could indicate that oncogene amplification takes place in preinvasive stages of cervical disease and could cooperate not only in tumor progression but also in cell transformation.     

胃癌相关基因的生物信息学研究

国外学者利用生物信息学技术和资源研究了WNT、TPARM、IGSF11、TMEM25、Tp53i5、prickle、TFF、Snai13、FMNL、CLDN23、MGC29506、MGC9753、FGFR2和FLJ10261等与胃癌有关的基因。描述和鉴定了基因的位置、结构及其mRNA与蛋白表达，有利于寻找胃癌诊断、治疗和预防的靶点。     

New insights into the nature of Warthin's tumour

Warthin's tumour is considered heterogeneous as to its pathogenesis with some data supporting a polyclonal origin for the epithelium, implying a non-neoplastic nature. After inconsistent reports, current information from molecular studies suggests that a recurrent t(11;19) and associated CRTC1-MAML2 fusion oncogene characterizes a subset of Warthin's tumours and supports a clonal origin in such cases. CRTC1-MAML2 is also a frequent feature of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. These findings, and the recent reports of Warthin's tumour and co-existent mucoepidermoid carcinoma with common CRTC1-MAML2 expression, provide a morphological and molecular framework for future studies as a basis for a fresh appraisal of the pathogenesis of Warthin's tumour. The underlying molecular basis and the pivotal studies defining such events are discussed.     

MTBE诱导C—fos基因在中枢神经系统的表达

目的了解甲基叔丁基醚（MIBE）对中枢神经系统的作用部位，为进一步探讨MTBE对中枢神经系统的急性毒作用机制。方法雄性SD大鼠腹腔注射MIBE（0．075mL／50g）染毒1h后，应用免疫组织化学、显微图像分析技术检测Fos蛋白阳性神经元在中枢神经系统内的分布。结果7MTBE染毒组大鼠大脑皮质、下丘脑、小脑皮质均有Fos阳性神经元核团表达。结论MTBE对中枢神经系统具有明确的毒作用位点。     

Progestin modulation of c-fos and prolactin gene expression in the human endometrium.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of the menstrual cycle and the effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on the expression of the protooncogene c-fos and of prolactin (PRL) in the human endometrium in vivo.

Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Healthy volunteers in an academic research environment.

Patient(s): Regularly cycling women who were not taking hormonal medication.

Intervention(s): Medroxyprogesterone acetate (10 mg/d) or placebo was given for 10 days. Endometrial and blood samples were collected 8–12 hours after the last dose.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Immunohistochemical localization of PRL and c-fos in the endometrium, PRL and c-fos messenger RNA levels in the endometrium, and E₂ and progesterone levels in the serum.

Result(s): Immunoreactive c-fos was concentrated in the nucleus of stromal cells and was observed in a higher proportion of proliferative endometrial specimens compared with secretory specimens from placebo- or MPA-treated patients. The levels of c-fos messenger RNA were greatly reduced in the secretory endometrium regardless of treatment with placebo or MPA, compared with the proliferative endometrium. The c-fos gene expression correlated positively with the serum E₂ levels (r = 0.56) and inversely with the progesterone/E₂ ratio (r = −0.56). The endometrial PRL gene expression (messenger RNA and protein) was rare in the proliferative samples, increased from the early to the mid and late secretory samples, and was increased markedly after treatment with MPA compared with placebo.

Conclusion(s): The differentiation of secretory endometrium is accompanied by decreased c-fos and increased PRL gene expression. The inhibition of c-fos gene expression may contribute to the antiproliferative effect of progestins on the endometrium.     

绝望行为模型大鼠脑内fos蛋白免疫阳性神经元的分布

目的 探讨抑郁症的神经元结构及发病机是。方法 采用不同强度强迫游泳应激造成绝望行为（ＢＤ组）模型和单纯强迫游泳模型（对照组）大鼠（Ｗｉｓｔａｒ系雄性，体重１６０￣１８０ｇ）各１０只，在其端脑，间脑，中脑和脑桥切片上各做抗ｆｏｓ蛋白免疫组化染色，４０倍光镜下观察和计数各部位内ｆｏｓ蛋白免疫阳性（ＦＬＩ）神经元及其数目，并进行两组之间的比较。结果 ＢＤ组与对照组４０倍光镜下ＦＬＩ神经元数目比较，前额内     

急性早幼粒细胞白血病PML-RAR_αmRNA的检测和临床意义

应用热启动ＲＴ ＰＣＲ 方法检测急性早幼粒细胞白血病（ＡＰＬ）ＰＭＬ ＲＡＲαｍ ＲＮＡ，与传统“巢式”ＰＣＲ 比较，仅需１ 对引物而获１０－ ４ 的敏感性。对７ 例ＡＰＬ患者，分别在诊断时及缓解后进行ＰＭＬ ＲＡＲαｍ ＲＮＡ的动态监测。这些患者分别接受如下治疗：２ 例仅给予全反式维甲酸（ＡＴＲＡ） 治疗；其余５ 例接受ＡＴＲＡ 联合化疗药物治疗。所有缓解后患者均进一步接受强化治疗。每月均对骨髓及外周血标本进行ＰＭＬ ＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ 的检测，发现仅予ＡＴＲＡ 可获血液学缓解，但不能达到ＰＣＲ 缓解，骨髓及外周血仍存在ＰＭＬ ＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ；而接受ＡＴＲＡ 联合化疗药物治疗获缓解后，骨髓及外周血ＰＣＲ 结果均阴性，显示了对恶性克隆的有效根除。２ 例患者ＰＣＲ 结果持续阳性，并在６ 个月后复发。ＰＣＲ方法不仅可评价化疗效果，指导临床用药，更可以预测复发。     

硫化砷诱导K562细胞凋亡中Bcl-2和Bax的表达

目的　研究 Bcl- 2和 Bax在硫化砷诱导的 K5 6 2细胞凋亡中的表达 ,探讨其在硫化砷诱导的细胞凋亡中的作用 .方法　 K5 6 2细胞经一定剂量硫化砷作用特定时间后 ,MTT法检测细胞生长、增殖状态 ,光镜及透射电镜下观察细胞形态及凋亡情况 ,S- P免疫组化染色检测 Bcl- 2、Bax的表达并进行图像分析 .结果　硫化砷对 K5 6 2细胞生长增殖有时间剂量依赖性抑制作用 ;175～ 14 0 0μg· L- 1 硫化砷作用 18～ 14 4 h后 ,K5 6 2细胞出现凋亡细胞的形态学改变 ;免疫组化染色表明 K5 6 2细胞低表达 Bcl- 2蛋白 (A值为 0 .15 2± 0 .0 2 3,阴性对照 A值 0 .10 8± 0 .0 12 ) ,硫化砷处理后对其表达无明显影响 (A值为 0 .138± 0 .0 2 8,P>0 .0 5 ) .硫化砷作用后 ,Bax蛋白的表达量 A值由 0 .2 4 0± 0 .0 13增加到 0 .316± 0 .0 2 1(P<0 .0 1) .结论　硫化砷可抑制 K5 6 2细胞的生长和增殖并诱导其发生凋亡 ,其机制可能与 Bax蛋白上调有关 .     

大鼠前脑结构FOS蛋白表达与惊厥类型的关系

目的 :探讨部分性癫痫和全身性癫痫发作的病理生理机制。方法 :建立局限性、全身性惊厥动物模型。采用免疫组织化学染色法观察惊厥组大鼠前脑结构内 FOS蛋白表达量及分布状况。结果 :无惊厥对照组大鼠仅于皮层偶见 FOS阳性细胞 ,局限性惊厥组大鼠皮层、尾状核、杏仁核和丘脑见大量 FOS阳性细胞表达 ,全身性惊厥组大鼠海马、皮层和丘脑见 FOS阳性细胞大量表达。结论 :局限性惊厥是由整个皮层高度兴奋机制实现 ;全身性惊厥泛化部位为齿状回 -海马 ,皮层的兴奋是继发于海马结构。全身性惊厥与局限性惊厥是两种类型的惊厥 ,不是连续过程的不同阶段