增殖核抗原和p53蛋白在大肠癌组织中的表达

目的：探讨增殖核抗原（proliferation cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和p53蛋白表达与大肠癌组织分化的关系。方法,用免疫组织化学方法观察58例大肠癌手术标本PCNA和p53蛋白的表达情况,结果：PCNA阳性着色分布于细胞核内,癌组织PNCA阳性细胞数量明显多于正常肠组织,且分化愈差PCNA阳性的癌细胞数量愈多。P53蛋白阳性占51＝7％（30／58）,但正常大肠组织均呈阴性反应,中,低分化大肠癌P53蛋白阳性率高于高分化的大肠癌,结论：PCNA阳性细胞数和P53蛋白表达与大肠癌的分化程度有关,PCNA阳性标志指数可作为判断大肠癌细胞增殖状态和估计预后的一个可靠参数。     

双歧杆菌QJ 405和乳酸杆菌QJ 405的生物学特征及鉴定

目的：观察从健康核潜艇艇员正常粪便中分离出的双歧杆菌QJ405和乳酸杆菌QJ405的生物学特征,判定其是否符合益生菌要求。方法：分析细菌的形态学和生理生化特征。采用数值分类法（API20A）的化学分类法（气相色谱分析）进行种属鉴定。抗生素敏感试验采用ATB法。结果：两株菌分别鉴定为长双杆菌和唾液乳酸杆菌唾液亚种,两菌代谢发酵碳水化合物均可产生大量乙酸、乳酸,对多种抗生素表现敏感。结论：双歧杆菌QJ405和乳酸杆菌QJ405的来源和部分生物活性符合益生菌的要求。     

细胞凋亡、肿瘤血管生成及PCNA在膀胱移行细胞癌的表达及其预后意义

目的探讨细胞凋亡、肿瘤血管生成及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达与膀胱移行细胞癌(简称膀胱癌)分级、分期及预后的关系。方法采用DNA末端标记法(TUNEL)和免疫组化法检测53例膀胱癌组织中细胞凋亡指数(AI)、微血管密度(MVD)、PCNA标记指数(PCNALI),分析其与膀胱癌分级、分期的关系。结果AI与PCNALI在膀胱癌不同分级之间均有显著性差异,MVD在Gl、G3间和G2、G3间差异有显著性;PCNAU在膀胱癌不同分期之间均有显著性差异,而AI与MvD均在T1、T3间和T2、T3间有显著性差异。在复发的膀胱癌中三项指标均高于未复发者。结论AI、MVD、PCNALI可作为评估膀胱癌恶性程度及预后的指标。     

Electrophoretic investigation of nuclear membrane ribonucleases of rat liver and hepatoma-27 cells

Preparations of the nuclear membranes were obtained from purified nuclei of rat liver and hepatoma-27 cells, and from them enzyme-containing extracts of acid-soluble proteins were then prepared. The protein extracts were subjected to disk electrophoresis in 15% polyacrylamide gel. Ribonucleases (RNases) which are constituents of the acid-soluble proteins of the nuclear membranes of normal liver were found to be present as several different components which differed in their electrophoretic mobility and in several physicochemical properties from crystalline bovine RNase and the RNase of nuclear chromatin.Institute of Problems in Oncology, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Kiev. N. K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR R. E. Kavetskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 12, pp. 670–672, December, 1977.     

Elucidating chromatin and nuclear domain architecture with electron spectroscopic imaging

Electron microscopy has been the ‘gold standard’ of spatial resolution for studying the structure of the cell nucleus. Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) offers advantages over conventional transmission electron microscopy by eliminating the need for heavy-atom contrast agents. ESI also provides mass-dependent and element-specific information at high resolution, permitting the distinguishing of structures that are primarily composed of protein, DNA, or RNA. The technique can be applied to understand the structural consequences of epigenetic modifications, such as modified histones, on chromatin fiber morphology. ESI can also be applied to elucidate the multifunctional behavior of subnuclear ‘organelles’ such as the nucleolus and promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies. The authors dedicate this paper to the memory of Ying Ren (1961–2007). We all benefited from knowing her. Our research advanced through the technical creativity she provided.     

鼻咽癌癌细胞群体的PCNA免疫组化研究

应用免疫组化技术对４７例石蜡包埋组织的鼻咽癌癌细胞群体的增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）进行分析。结果显示：角化性癌细胞和梭形癌细胞、不规则形癌细胞至泡状核癌细胞群体，其ＰＣＮＡ阳性率依次递增，表明鼻咽癌存在增殖潜能异质性的癌细胞群体，泡状核癌细胞增殖能力最高，不规则形癌细胞次之。作者认为不同形态的癌细胞群体在组织中的比例不但决定鼻咽癌的组织类型，而且其增殖潜能异质性将影响鼻咽癌治疗和临床预后。     

Assessment of high-energy phosphorus compounds in the rat kidney by in situ31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: effect of ischemia and furosemide

Summary ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of the in situ rat kidney was performed by a surface coil method, and the effects of ischemia and furosemide infusion were assessed.³¹P NMR spectra of the kidney subjected to 30 min of ischemia returned completely to the pre-ischemic level after 60 min of reperfusion. But the³¹P NMR spectra after 60 min of ischemia did not recover, even after 120 min of reperfusion. Levels of -ATP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) decreased and the chemical shift of Pi increased after intravenous infusion of furosemide. This increase in chemical shift might signal an alkalotic change in intracellular pH. Furosemide infusion prior to ischemia is thought to protect the kidney from injury induced by 60 min of warm ischemia. The chemical shift of Pi returned to the pre-ischemic level earlier than -ATP and Pi. In conclusion, according to the findings of³¹P NMR spectroscopy, furosemide infusion prior to ischemia may be effective in protecting the kidney against ischemic injury. But the change in Pi peak and the causes of the dissociation of Pi and -ATP should be examined further.     

膀胱移行细胞癌PCNA的表达及其意义

目的 :探讨膀胱移行细胞癌增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)的表达与肿瘤病理分级、临床分期、预后的关系。方法 :采用免疫组化S P法检测 6 5例膀胱移行细胞癌和 11例正常膀胱组织PCNA的表达。结果 :PCNA在膀胱癌及正常膀胱组织的表达差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;随着膀胱癌病理分级、临床分期升高 ,PCNA阳性表达上升 ,Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级比较 ,PCNA的阳性表达差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;T2 ～T4 期PCNA的阳性表达显著高于Tis～T1期 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;术后 5年内无复发组PCNA的阳性表达显著低于术后 5年内复发组 (P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :PCNA可作为膀胱癌恶性程度及预后判断的指标之一 ,可指导临床综合治疗     

The relationship between apoptosis and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the clinical stages in gastric carcinoma

Studies indicated that apoptosis and proliferat-ing cell nuclear antigen( PCNA) might present thetumor's biological characteristics on the molecularlevel[1,2 ] .The abnormal apoptosis and proliferationmight play an important role in the development ofgastric carcinoma[3 ,4 ] ,butthe implication ofapoptosisand PCNA in the clinical stages of gastric carcinomawere very little studied.By using terminal deoxynu-cleotidyl transferase- mediated nick and labelling( TUNEL) technique and PCNA immu…     

大鼠急性氧中毒后全脑细胞能量代谢的活体^31P磁共振谱 …

目的：探讨大鼠急性氧中毒后脑的能量代谢产物与脑细胞内ＰＨ变化的规律。方法：采用磁共振方法,用４．７Ｔ动物磁共振谱仪,检测氧中毒后不同时程各种磷酸化合物与无机磷酸根（Ｐｉ）、磷酸肌酸（ＰＣｒ）与γ－ＡＴＰ以及β－ＡＴＰ与Ｐｉ之间的比值,并根据Ｐｉ的化学位移推算脑细胞内ＰＨ值。结果：氧中毒组物舱１和３小时后ＰＣｒ／Ｐｉ,ＰＣｒ／γ－ＡＴＰ以及β－ＡＴＰ／Ｐｉ值均显著降低;５ｈ后恢复正常;２４和４８小时