The impact of musculoskeletal diseases on the presence of locomotive syndrome

Objectives: We assessed the impact of musculoskeletal diseases, depressive mental state, and hypertension on locomotive syndrome, a condition of reduced mobility requiring nursing care. Since locomotive syndrome is a major public health issue that needs attention, its relationship with functional inconvenience in performing daily activities was also investigated.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an Internet panel survey, comprising 747 persons aged 30–90 years. Demographics, personal medical history, and daily activity data were assessed. The 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale was used to diagnose locomotive syndrome. Stepwise linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between locomotive syndrome, musculoskeletal diseases, and functional inconvenience.

Results: Aging, osteoporosis, and low back pain significantly increased the risk of locomotive syndrome, followed by knee osteoarthritis and lumbar spinal stenosis. Locomotive syndrome was significantly related to depressive mental state and hypertension, and led to functional inconvenience in Seiza sitting, cleaning, shopping, and strolling.

Conclusion: Locomotive syndrome was associated with functional inconvenience in performing common daily activities involving the lower extremities and spine. Osteoporosis and aging were significantly associated with locomotive syndrome. The risk of locomotive syndrome may be decreased by treating comorbid osteoporosis and instituting exercise and diet-related modifications.     

Longitudinal blood pressure patterns and cardiovascular disease risk

Abstract

Observational and interventional studies have unequivocally demonstrated that “present”, i.e. single-occasion, blood pressure is one of the key determinants of cardiovascular disease risk. Over the past two decades, however, numerous publications have suggested that longitudinal blood pressure data and assessment of long-term blood pressure exposure provide incremental prognostic value over present blood pressure. These studies have used several different indices to quantify the overall exposure to blood pressure, such as time-averaged blood pressure, cumulative blood pressure, blood pressure trajectory patterns, and age of hypertension onset. This review summarises existing research on the association between these indices and hard cardiovascular outcomes, outlines the strengths and weaknesses of these indices, and provides an overview of how longitudinal blood pressure changes can be measured and used to improve cardiovascular disease risk prediction.

• KEY MESSAGES

• Numerous recent publications have examined the relation between cardiovascular disease and long-term blood pressure (BP) exposure, quantified using indices such as time-averaged BP, cumulative BP, BP trajectory patterns, and age of hypertension onset.

• This review summarises existing research on the association between these indices and hard cardiovascular outcomes, outlines the strengths and weaknesses of these indices, and provides an overview of how longitudinal BP changes can be measured and used to improve cardiovascular disease risk prediction.

• Although longitudinal BP indices seem to predict cardiovascular outcomes better than present BP, there are considerable differences in the clinical feasibility of these indices along with a limited number of prospective data.

     

Short or Long Sleep Duration and CKD: A Mendelian Randomization Study

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Effects of ruxolitinib cream on pruritus and quality of life in atopic dermatitis: Results from a phase 2, randomized,dose-ranging,vehicle- and active-controlled study

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24-h urinary sodium excretion and the risk of adverse outcomes

Abstract

Aims

The objective was to evaluate whether sodium intake, assessed with the gold standard 24-h urinary collections, was related to long-term incidence of death, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).     

“血尿”“三问十二字”临床教学思路探讨

血尿是肾病科常见的临床表现,对于血尿的病因诊断分析在临床中不容易掌握,有漏诊的风险,因此需要系统而全面的诊断思路。我科在临床教学中总结了"三问十二字"的教学思路,收到较好的效果。三问包括第一问尿液呈现红色是否为血尿?第二问为符合血尿是否为病理状态?第三问为血尿一定是否只有肾脏疾病?通过三问来明确血尿的定义,并逐渐剖析临床非血尿、真性血尿、假性血尿、内科性血尿以及外科性血尿的意义。再通过内科性血尿的特点高度概括出"十二个字",以帮助学生区分内科性血尿及外科性血尿。通过"三问十二字"的深入浅出学习,可以将血尿复杂的诊断思路由繁入简掌握,并实践于临床。