HPLC法测定复方硝酸咪康唑乳膏的含量

目的：建立高效液相法测定复方硝酸咪康唑乳膏中硝酸咪康唑和醋酸曲安奈德的含量。方法：色谱柱为Hypersil BDS C18柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）,流动相为三乙胺溶液（10ml三乙胺加水至1000ml,用磷酸调节pH至2．5）-甲醇-乙腈-四氢呋喃（7：5：4：3）,流速为1ml·min^-1,检测波长为227nm,进样量为20μl。结果：硝酸咪康唑在进样量735．0～24．5μg,醋酸曲安奈德在进样量100．0～2．5μg范围内线性关系良好（r分别为0．9999和0．9999）,平均回收率分别为100．8％（RSD=1．1％）和100．5％（RSD=1．3％）。结论：本方法简便、准确,重复性好,可用于复方硝酸咪康唑乳膏的含量测定和质量控制。     

双波长HPLC同时测定延胡索中3种生物碱的含量

目的:建立同时测定延胡索中巴马汀、脱氢紫堇碱和延胡索乙素的HPLC方法.方法:采用C18柱(4.6 mm×250nm,5 μm),以乙腈(A)-0.1％磷酸(加三乙胺调节pH 6.0,B)进行梯度洗脱(0～ 20 min,25％A;20～30 min,25％～55％ A;30 ～45 min,55％A;45 ～ 50 min,55％～25％A;50 ～55 min,25％A);检测波长为270,280 nm,柱温30℃.结果:巴马汀在2.12×10-2～1.59 μg呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9);脱氢紫堇碱在4.10 e 10-2～ 3.07 μg呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9);延胡索乙素在2.10×10-2～1.57 μg呈良好的线性关系(r =0.999 9);加样回收率分别为100.10％,100.03％,97.47％.结论:该方法准确、稳定、分离效果好,可用于测定延胡索药材中巴马汀、脱氢紫堇碱和延胡索乙素的含量.     

三种不同药物治疗湿疹的疗效分析

目的观察哈西奈德,糠酸莫松及硝酸益康唑/曲安奈德治疗湿疹的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择226例确诊为湿疹的患者,分为3组。①为哈西奈德组（79例）;②为糠酸莫松组（76例）;③为硝酸益康唑/曲安奈德组（71例）,用χ2检验比较各组总有效率。结果 3种药物之间的疗效没有明显的统计差异（P〈0.05）。结论哈西奈德,糠酸莫松及硝酸益康唑/曲安奈德对湿疹类皮肤病均有较好的疗效。     

Design and Evaluation of Liposomal Formulation of Pilocarpine Nitrate

Prolonged release drug delivery system of pilocarpine nitrate was made by optimizing thin layer film hydration method. Egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol were used to make multilamellar vesicles. Effects of charges over the vesicles were studied by incorporating dicetylphosphate and stearylamine. Various factors, which may affect the size, shape, encapsulation efficiency and release rate, were studied. Liposomes in the size range 0.2 to 1 µm were obtained by optimizing the process. Encapsulation efficiency of neutral, positive and negatively charged liposomes were found to be 32.5, 35.4 and 34.2 percent, respectively. In vitro drug release rate was studied on specially designed model. Biological response in terms of reduction in intraocular pressure was observed on rabbit eyes. Pilocarpine nitrate liposomes were lyophilized and stability studies were conducted.     

Relationship between endogenous concentrations of vasoactive substances and measures of peripheral vasodilator function in patients with coronary artery disease

• 1 The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between plasma concentrations of nitrite/nitrate (NO_x) and endothelin (ET)‐1 and non‐invasive measures of peripheral vasodilator function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
• 2 Twenty‐two patients with angiographic CAD underwent non‐invasive measurement of peripheral vasodilator function in the brachial conduit artery (flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) testing via ultrasound) and in the forearm resistance arteries (via venous occlusion plethysmography) during reactive hyperaemia after 5 min ischaemia. In addition, plasma NO_x and ET‐1 concentrations were determined.
• 3 The plasma concentration of NO_x was related to the peak brachial FMD response when expressed as either the relative (%) or absolute (mm) change in diameter (r = 0.73, P < 0.001; and r = 0.64, P < 0.01, respectively). Moreover, plasma concentrations of NO_x demonstrated a relationship with forearm vasodilation estimated by total forearm blood flow following 5 min ischaemia (r = 0.63, P < 0.01) and the flow debt repayment of the forearm (r = 0.54, P < 0.01). Finally, ET‐1 concentrations were inversely related to FMD% (r = –0.45, P < 0.05).
• 4 The findings of the present study demonstrate a relationship between the plasma concentrations of NO_x and measures of vascular reactivity in conduit and resistance arteries in patients with CAD. Therefore, measurement of plasma NO_x may serve as a reliable marker for peripheral vasodilator dysfunction in patients with CAD.

     

Skin toxicology of lead species evaluated by their permeability and proteomic profiles: A comparison of organic and inorganic lead

Lead compounds are known to cause cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Lead absorption by the skin is an important route through which this metal enters the body. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the skin permeability and toxicological profiles of two lead species, lead acetate and lead nitrate. This study assessed lead-induced toxicity mechanisms by focusing on the histopathology, proteomics, cell growth, and cellular ATP. In vitro skin permeation assays showed that there was no significant difference of lead accumulation within and across the skin between the two lead species. The presence of simulated sweat reduced the skin uptake of lead. The skin deposition of lead acetate was greater than that of lead nitrate with in vivo topical application. On the other hand, lead nitrate produced greater changes in the skin's histology and proteomic profiles compared to lead acetate. Four protein spots which showed significant changes were identified and are discussed in this study. These included glucose-related protein precursor (GRP) 78, K14, α-actin, and Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2). These proteins are respectively associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, wound healing, and proliferation. Lead presented a biphasic pattern on cell growth and intracellular ATP content, with a stimulating effect at low concentrations and an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation at higher concentrations.     

电子计算机在药物容量分析中的应用:水溶性弱酸性药物的含量测定

自从五十年代Gran对容量滴定曲线采用线性化方法确定终点以来,容量分析终点的确定出现了新途径。经Ingman,Johansson等人的改进,采用线性图解法或用计算机计算得到滴定终点。由于此法从电位滴定曲线中获取了较多的信息(一般使用十几个数据点),不必依赖曲线的突跃就能确定终点,使酸碱滴定范围可扩大至稳定常数为10~(11)的极弱酸碱。汪葆浚等曾对此作了介绍和实验。     

Permeability of retinal pigment epithelial cell junctions in the dystrophic rat retina

We have studied permeability of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell junctions in Royal College of Surgeons rats with inherited retinal degeneration, and their genetic controls, using the horseradish peroxidase and lanthanum nitrate electron microscope tracer techniques. We find that early in the dystrophic process, at two postnatal weeks in the pink-eyed retina and three postanatal weeks in the black-eyed retina, RPE cell tight junctions form a barrier to extracellular tracer. However, at three postnatal weeks in the pink-eyed retina, at about the same time that degenerating photoreceptor nuclei begin to appear, RPE cell tight junctions become permeable. The permeability increase occurs later in the black-eyed strain, but by six postnatal weeks junctions are permeable in both strains. By 72 postnatal days, when most photoreceptor nuclei have disappeared, many RPE cells are abnormal in shape, with an elongated and flattened appearance, and some appear to have lost their junctions entirely. In the horseradish peroxidase experiments, many pinocytotic vesicles filled with reaction product were observed in the dystrophic RPE after the junctional breakdown. This suggests that an increase in transcellular transport may also occur in the dystrophic RPE.     

硝酸咪康唑乳膏薄层色谱鉴别方法的改进

目的改进硝酸咪康唑乳膏的鉴别方法。方法用薄层色谱法对硝酸咪康唑乳膏进行鉴别。结果供试品在与对照品相同的位置显出相同颜色的主斑点。结论本方法对原有标准的展开剂改进,消除了斑点紧靠前沿显出的现象,重现性良好。     

IV. Effects of Silver Nitrate Prophylaxis on Mother-Infant Relationship

The effects of silver nitrate versus Hexarginum on maternal behaviour during care and breast-feeding were examined in a double-blind study of 65 mother-infant pairs. Observations and interviews took place on day 4 or 5 post partum. A follow-up interview was conducted 6–8 weeks later. The Neonatal Perception Inventories (Broussard) were used on both occasions. Mothers of infants in the silver nitrate group had significantly less eye contact with their newborns during breast-feeding than those in the Hexarginum group. This difference was even greater for mothers with complicated deliveries. Since eye-contact behaviours were infrequent, the results should be judged with caution. The maternal attitude towards the child, delivery, and post-partum care as expressed at 4–5 days and at 6 weeks did not differ between the groups. The frequency of breast-feeding at 6 weeks was similar. Eye prophylaxis was administered about 2 hours after birth and rooming-in was practised in the maternity wards. It is discussed whether the postponed Credé prophylaxis and other contact-facilitating routines contributed to lessen possible adverse effects of the silver nitrate prophylaxis.