高效液相色谱法测定脂质体中硝酸益康唑的含量及其理化性质的考察

目的:高效液相色谱法测定硝酸益康唑脂质体中药物的含量并考察其理化性质.方法:建立了用色谱预处理柱除磷脂测定脂质体中药物含量的HPLC法,并用此法测定了硝酸益康唑的溶解度和分配系数.结果:此法可以除去大部分磷脂,具有较好的专属性、回收率和精密度;硝酸益康唑在水,生理盐水,20%PEG生理盐水中的溶解度分别为(879.4±42.9),(361.6±23.8),(3006.5±60.4)mg·L,油/水,表皮/水和真皮/水分配系数为45.4,4.82×105和5.31×105.结论:此法适于测定硝酸益康唑脂质体中药物含量;硝酸益康唑对表皮和真皮有较强的亲和力,适于皮肤给药.     

硝酸益康唑外用脂质体的制备

通过正交设计筛选硝酸益康唑脂质体处方,并考察了产品的形态、粒径、结晶状态、黏度和表面电位等物理性质.硝酸益康唑脂质体为球型结构,平均粒径118.1nm,电位 65.3mV,黏度3.3mPa·s[(32±1)℃];脂质体凝胶的黏度为7.9166Pa·s[(32±1)℃],两者表面均无药物晶体吸附.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定益康唑癣粉中硝酸益康唑的含量

目的:建立益康唑癣粉中硝酸益康唑的含量测定方法.方法:采用C18色谱柱,甲醇-水-三乙胺(85 ∶ 15 ∶ 0.1)(冰醋酸调节pH为6.0)为流动相,检测波长为230nm.结果:浓度在0.4147～4.147μg范围内,硝酸益康唑的线性关系良好(r=0.9996),平均回收率为100.2%,RSD为0.53%(n=9).结论:所建含量测定方法可行,操作简便,结果准确,专属性好,可用于控制益康唑癣粉的质量.     

Evidence of anti-inflammatory effects of Passiflora edulis in an inflammation model

The popular medicine Passiflora edulis has been used as a sedative, tranquilizer, against cutaneous inflammatory diseases and intermittent fever. Most of the pharmacological investigations of Passiflora edulis have been addressed to its Central Nervous System activities, such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and sedative actions. Otherwise, there are few reports about the anti-inflammatory activity of the Passiflora species. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous lyophilized extract obtained from leaves of Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener (Passifloraceae) in the mouse model of pleurisy induced by carrageenan (Cg), bradykinin, histamine or substance P, observing the effects upon leucocytes migration, myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO) concentrations and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) levels. RESULTS: Passiflora edulis (250mg/kg) administered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.) inhibited the leukocyte, neutrophils, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, TNFalpha and IL-1beta levels (P<0.01) in the pleurisy induced by carrageenan. Passiflora edulis (250-500mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited total and differential leukocytes in the pleurisy induced by bradykinin, histamine or substance P (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Several mechanisms, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-1beta), enzyme (myeloperoxidase) and mediators (bradykinin, histamine, substance P, nitric oxide) release and/or action, appear to account for Passiflora edulis's actions.     

Enhanced Nitrate Ions Remediation Using Fe0 Nanoparticles from Underground Water: Synthesis,Characterizations, and Performance under Optimizing Conditions

The presence of nitrates in water in large amounts is one of the most dangerous health issues. The greatest risk posed by nitrates is hemoglobin oxidation, which results in Methemoglobin in the human body, resulting in Methemoglobinemia. There are many ways to eliminate nitrates from underground water. One of the most effective and selective methods is using zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles. ZVI nanoparticles can be easily synthesized by reducing ferric or ferrous ions using sodium borohydride. The prepared ZVI nanoparticles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and zeta potential. We aim to eliminate or reduce the nitrates in water to be at the acceptable range, according to the world health organization (WHO), of 10.0 mg/L. Nitrate concentration in water after and before treatment is measured using the UV scanning method at 220 nm wavelength for the synthetic contaminated water and electrochemical method for the naturally contaminated water. The conditions were optimized for obtaining an efficient removing process. The removal efficiency reaches about 91% at the optimized conditions.     

三联疗法治疗阴囊湿疹疗效观察

目的观察三联疗法治疗阴囊湿疹的疗效。方法将入选患者随机分为两组,治疗组（45例）予润燥止痒胶囊2.0g,3次/d,口服;联合马应龙麝香痔疮膏,外用,2次/d和曲安奈德益康唑乳膏,外用,2次/d;对照组（43例）：仅曲安奈德益康唑乳膏,外用,2次/d。两组均治疗2周。结果治疗组有效率为75.56%;对照组有效率为32.56%。两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论三联疗法治疗阴囊湿疹疗效显著,不良反应少。     

聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣的临床研究

目的:观察聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣的疗效。方法:将符合入选标准的94例患者随机分两组,治疗组清洁局部后将聚维酮碘乳膏涂敷于患处,bid。对照组予派瑞松霜按照药品说明书使用。两组均疗程3周。对痊愈者随访半年。结果:临床治愈率治疗组64.44%,两组比较U=2.883,P<0.01;有效率治疗组93.33%,两组比较X2=7.866,P<0.01;真菌清除率治疗组94.77%,两组比较X2=0.679,P=0.372;不良反应率治疗组4.44%,两组比较X2=4.0226,P=0.0432;随访半年痊愈者复发率治疗组6.89%(2/29),两组比较X2=3.9455,P=0.0421。结论:聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣安全有效。     

离子色谱法同时测定大气中NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)的研究

目的建立大气中硝酸盐和硫酸盐同时分离测定的离子色谱分析方法。方法以超纯水超声浸提分离滤膜采集的气溶胶样品中阴离子,提取液经过简单过滤后,直接进样分析。选用高容量阴离子交换分析柱IonPac AS11-HC及其保护柱AG11-HC,以20.0mmol/L KOH作为淋洗液,以1.00ml/min的流速进行等度洗脱,抑制型电导检测,较好地完成了大气中硝酸盐和硫酸盐的含量测定。结果本方法线性良好,硝酸盐和硫酸盐测定的线性相关系数r≥0.9999,对大气中硝酸盐和硫酸盐含量分析的方法定量限分别为0.011和0.024μg/m3。样品中硝酸盐和硫酸盐的加标回收率为99.6%～105.6%,样品平行测定结果相对标准偏差RSD<3%。结论该方法操作简单、快速、准确、灵敏度高,适用于大气中硝酸盐和硫酸盐的测定。     

Plasma Nitrate and Nitrite Kinetics after Single Intake of Beetroot Juice in Adult Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis and in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized,Single-Blind,Placebo-Controlled,Crossover Study

Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to maintaining normal cardiovascular and renal function. This bioactive signalling molecule is generally formed enzymatically by NO synthase in the vascular endothelium. NO bioactivity can also be attributed to dietary intake of inorganic nitrate, which is abundant in our diet, especially in green leafy vegetables and beets. Ingested nitrate is reduced to nitrite by oral commensal bacteria and further to NO systemically. Previous studies have shown that dialysis, by means of removing nitrate and nitrite from the body, can reduce NO bioactivity. Hence, dietary intervention approaches aimed to boost the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway may be of benefit in dialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the kinetics of plasma nitrate and nitrite after a single intake of nitrate-rich concentrated beetroot juice (BJ) in adult hemodialysis (HD) patients and in age-matched healthy volunteers (HV). Eight HD patients and seven HV participated in this single center, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Each participant received a sequential single administration of active BJ (70 mL, 400 mg nitrate) and placebo BJ (70 mL, 0 mg nitrate) in a random order separated by a washout period of seven days. For the kinetic analysis, blood samples were collected at different time-points before and up to 44 h after BJ intake. Compared with placebo, active BJ significantly increased plasma nitrate and nitrite levels both in HD patients and HV. The area under the curve and the maximal concentration of plasma nitrate, but not of nitrite, were significantly higher in HD patients as compared with HV. In both groups, active BJ ingestion did not affect blood pressure or plasma potassium levels. Both BJs were well tolerated in all participants with no adverse events reported. Our data provide useful information in planning dietary nitrate supplementation efficacy studies in patients with reduced NO bioactivity.     

胃癌危险性不同人群膳食硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐及维生素C摄入量

本文研究福建省长乐县胃癌危险性不同的人群膳食硝酸盐(NO_3~-)、亚硝酸盐(NO_2~-)及维生素C摄入量。胃癌死亡率较高的漳港乡居民NO_3~-摄入量(132.75mg/日)明显高于死亡率居中的首占乡(84.65mg/日)(P<0.05),但与死亡率较低的梅花乡(113.12mg/日)无显著性差异。NO_2~-摄入量漳港乡显著高于首占乡和梅花乡(3.36mg/日对0.21和0.73mg/日)(P<0.01)。首占乡居民维生素C摄入量(56.13mg/日)明显低于漳港乡(123.09mg/日)和梅花乡(105.90mg/日)(P<0.01)。维生素C摄入量与NO_2~-摄入量的摩尔比值三个乡分别为3.22、3.30和4.33,与胃癌死亡率呈相反平行关系。结果提示:NO_3~-和NO_2~-可能是该地区胃癌高发的因素之一。