Multiple pancreatic metastases from clear cell renal carcinoma: Diagnosis with chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging before surgery

We present a case in which multiple pancreatic tumours were diagnosed as metastatic clear cell renal carcinomas with chemical shift MRI (CSI) before surgery. Radiologists may be unable to recognize the loss of intensity on CSI macroscopically. We believe that it is useful to make subtraction images and calculate signal intensity on CSI, even if the lesions are multiple metastatic tumours.     

Epileptogenic actions of xanthines in relation to their affinities for adenosine A1 receptors in CA3 neurons of hippocampal slices (guinea pig)

In order to analyze the epileptogenic mechanisms of caffaine and related xanthines, putative effects of these drugs were studied on adenosine receptors of CA3 neurons in hippocampal slices. Epileptogenic concentrations of different xanthine derivatives strongly correlated with their affinities for the inhibitory A₁ adenosine receptor subtype. The A₁ receptor agonists adenosine and R-PIA reversibly depressed xanthine-induced epileptic activity without effects on the resting membrane potential or on spontaneously occuring action potentials. These findings suggest that the epileptogenic potency of xanthines is primarily due to the blockade of the A₁ receptors through an abnormal rise of intracellular cAMP and to the excessive transmembrane calcium fluxes underlying paroxysmal depolarization shifts.     

Optimization of self-reference thermometry using complex field estimation.

Referenceless, or self-reference, thermometry is a technique for mapping temperature differences in the region of interest (ROI) using the baseline phase estimated by extrapolating the field in the surrounding region for estimation (RFE) and subtracting the estimated baseline from the measured field. In the present work a self-reference technique based on complex field estimation using 2D polynomials comprising complex-valued coefficients was proposed and optimized. Numerical simulations with a Gaussian-profiled phase distribution demonstrated that the ROI radius had to be 2.3-2.5 times the standard deviation (SD) of the Gaussian function in order to keep the error below 8% of the peak phase change. The area ratio between the ROI and the RFE had to be larger than 2.0 to maintain the error level. Based on the simulations, and phantom and volunteer experiments, the complex-based method with independently optimized polynomial orders for the two spatial dimensions was compared with the phase-based method using the similar-order optimization strategy. The complex-based method appeared to be useful when phase unwrapping was not removed. Otherwise, the phase-based method yielded equivalent results with less polynomial orders.     

高血压病合并脑梗死的动态血压特点

目的 :观察高血压病合并脑梗死患者的动态血压特点。方法 :对 70例高血压病合并脑梗死患者和 1 0 2例单纯高血压病患者进行 2 4h动态血压监测。结果 :84 %高血压病合并脑梗死患者血压昼夜节律消失 ,而单纯高血压病患者 5 8%消失 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;高血压病合并脑梗死组 85 %出现晨峰 ,而单纯高血压病组 5 5 %出现晨峰 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :血压的昼夜变化和晨峰与高血压病合并脑梗死密切相关。高血压病合并脑梗死患者晨峰明显增加 ,昼夜节律消失明显     

夜间护理纠纷的常见原因及防范对策

针对夜间护理特殊性，分析导致护理纠纷的常见原因，包括抢救不到位，患不能理解夜间护士的护理行为．服务态度问题等。提出护士应增加法制观念，加强体质锻炼，强化服务意识，严格执行诊疗护理规范、常规，落实各项规章制度，以减少护患纠纷。     

Fast decomposition of water and lipid using a GRASE technique with the IDEAL algorithm.

Three-point Dixon techniques achieve good lipid-water separation by estimating the phase due to field inhomogeneities. Recently it was demonstrated that the combination of an iterative algorithm (iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL)) with a fast spin-echo (FSE) three-point Dixon method yielded robust lipid-water decomposition. As an alternative to FSE, the gradient- and spin-echo (GRASE) technique has been developed for efficient data collection. In this work we present a method for lipid-water separation by combining IDEAL with the GRASE technique. An approach to correct for errors in the lipid-water decomposition caused by phase distortions due to the switching of the readout gradient polarities inherent to GRASE is presented. The IDEAL-GRASE technique is demonstrated in phantoms and in vivo for various applications, including pelvic, musculoskeletal, and (breath-hold) cardiac imaging.     

Sodium renal imaging in mice at high magnetic fields.

This work presents the first sodium MRI functional renal study on a mouse model. The tissue sodium concentration was monitored during induced diuresis with furosemide. By using density-weighted chemical shift imaging (DWCSI) at high field strength a temporal resolution of less than 5 min for three dimensional (3D) data sets with high spatial resolution was achieved. A maximum increase of 20% in the cortex and a decrease of 45% of the original signal strength in the medulla were observed. These findings correspond well with experiments conducted on much larger rodent models.     

头低位模拟失重状态对前庭功能的影响

为研究头低位模拟失重对运动病症状、垂直视动眼震（ＶＯＫＮ）及体液重新分配的影响，在头低位－１０°的模拟失重状态下，采用大视野的垂直视动刺激，观察１８名正常人的运动病症状、ＶＯＫＮ、激素（ＡＶＰ、ＶＩＰ、ＣＯＲＴ、ＡＬＤＯ）的反应特点。结果表明，头低位－１０°状态下的大视野垂直视动刺激可以诱发出明显的运动病症状，头低位－１０°的垂直视动刺激比坐位更容易诱发运动病。坐位状态ＶＯＫＮ慢相速度有明显的方向性不对称，敏感组ＶＯＫＮ方向性不对称有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。头低位－１０°时ＶＯＫＮ的不对称现象不明显，向下方向运动的ＶＯＫＮ慢相速度显著增加。分析指出，头低位－１０°状态下垂直视动刺激比坐位和秋千刺激的贡献率大。尿中ＣＯＲＴ（皮质醇）在秋千和头低位的垂直视动刺激前后有显著性增加。提示：大视野的垂直视动刺激与头低位－１０°两种刺激的结合可能成为预测空间运动病的方法之一．     

东北边境地区吸血蠓的调查研究

1980～1988年在东北边境的漠河、珲春县等10个县区采获吸血蠓2属37种,其中发现4个新种和4个国内新记录。不显库蠓(35.7％)和刺螯库蠓(34.9％)为优势蠓种。不同生境、场所和季节的蠓种组成有所不同。灰黑库蠓、淡角库蠓和端斑库蠓在整个活动季节均只出现一次高峰,而不显库蠓、刺螫库蠓和兴安库蠓在整个活动季节均出现两次高峰。刺螫库蠓的活动季节最长,为11旬,端斑库蠓最短,仅为5旬。刺螫库蠓、不显库蠓、兴安库蠓和灰黑库蠓在昼夜24小时均出现晨、昏两次活动高峰,而边缘库蠓只在凌晨出现一次晨峰。