冠心病患者降脂药物的应用评价

目的:评价各类降脂药物在冠心病治疗中的研究进展及临床应用情况.方法:查阅近期国外相关文献进行综述、评价.结果与结论:降脂药物主要分为他汀类、苯氧芳酸类、烟酸类及胆酸螯合剂等.降脂治疗在冠心病的治疗中占有重要地位,及早合理地应用降脂药物,可以使冠心病患者获得长期的受益.     

硒和/或维生素E对实验性高脂血症大鼠心、肝、肾及血清脂质过氧化和一氧化氮含量的影响

目的 :观察硒和 或维生素E对高脂饲料所致实验性高脂血症大鼠心、肝、肾及血清脂质过氧化和一氧化氮含量的影响 ,探讨硒和维生素E抗脂质过氧化的作用。方法 :采用高脂饲料致大鼠实验性高脂血症 ,然后分组给予经预试后的硒和 或维生素E ,4wk后行乙醚麻醉取血 ,同时取心、肝、肾组织作匀浆 ,采用硫代巴比妥 (TBA)法测各组织或血清丙二醛 (MDA)含量以反映脂质过氧化水平 ;采用硝酸还原酶法测定上述组织的一氧化氮 (NO)含量。结果 :高脂饲料可致实验性大鼠高脂血症 ,与对照组比较 ,甘油三脂 (TG)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (VLDL C)升高 (P <0 .0 5) ;总胆固醇 (T CHOL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)升高 (P <0 .0 1 )。高脂饲料可致部分组织或血清的脂质过氧化作用加强 ,增加各实验组织MDA含量 ,其中肝脏和血清MDA较对照组高(P <0 .0 5)。高脂饲料可致心肌及肝脏组织NO含量降低但却升高血清及肾脏组织NO含量。单独使用硒或维生素E或二者合用可不同程度降低高脂饲料所致的MDA含量升高 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 ) ,也能不同程度地增加心、肝、肾及血清的NO含量 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 ) ,合用比单独使用作用更明显。结论 :硒和维生素E单独或联合应用可降低高脂血症大鼠血脂升高所致的脂质过氧化增强作用 ,并能增加     

Purification and identification of a polysaccharide from medicinal mushroom Amauroderma rude with immunomodulatory activity and inhibitory effect on tumor growth

Medicinal mushrooms in recent years have been the subject of many experiments searching for anticancer properties. We previously screened thirteen mushrooms for their potential in inhibiting tumor growth, and found that the water extract of Amauroderma rude exerted the highest activity. Previous studies have shown that the polysaccharides contained in the water extract were responsible for the anticancer properties. This study was designed to explore the potential effects of the polysaccharides on immune regulation and tumor growth. Using the crude Amauroderma rude extract, in vitro experiments showed that the capacities of spleen lymphocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells were all increased. In vivo experiments showed that the extract increased macrophage metabolism, lymphocyte proliferation, and antibody production. In addition, the partially purified product stimulated the secretion of cytokines in vitro, and in vivo. Overall, the extract decreased tumor growth rates. Lastly, the active compound was purified and identified as polysaccharide F212. Most importantly, the purified polysaccharide had the highest activity in increasing lymphocyte proliferation. In summary, this molecule may serve as a lead compound for drug development.     

Hypolipidemic effect of MeOH extract of Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam in hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339 and high cholesterol diet in rats

Hyperlipidemia has been implicated in atherosclerosis which is the leading cause of death among world population and resulting from lipid metabolic changes is a major cause of atherosclerosis. Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam belongs to Bambusaceae is the stem of Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis (Bean) Stapf of Phyllostachys bambusoides Siebold et Zuccarini, the perennial evergreen tree. The green middle layer of stem is dried in string-shape I shadow after the bark had been removed. In this study, the effects of middle layer of PN, PB, PP, and BCT on rat with hyperlipidemia, induced by Triton WR-1339 and high cholesterol diet were investigated. We measured plasma levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol as measure of its hyperlipidemic effects. As a result, all of the Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam was reduced total cholesterol, LDL. Inhibition rate on LDL-oxidation, hACAT-1, and hACAT-2 was increased dose-dependently. Therefore all of the Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam is a good candidate for the treatment on Triton WR-1339 and high cholesterol diet-induced blood circulatory disorders, obesity, and hyperlipidemia.     

Determination of Chemical Antioxidants and Phenolic Compounds in the Brazilian Mushroom Agaricus sylvaticus

Agaricus sylvaticus mushroom has been widely studied because of its high nutritional value and medicinal properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of both alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Agaricus sylvaticus and quantify their total polyphenol content. The antioxidant activity was performed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity and total polyphenol content was assessed by colorimetric method. Observation also noted the great antioxidant potential of aqueous, alcoholic and ethereal extracts (14.6%, 75.6% and 14.6%, respectively) of the Agaricus sylvaticus mushroom, highlighting the alcoholic extract, which demonstrates the extraordinary benefits of this mushroom in the diet, since antioxidants prevent premature ageing and various types of cancer.