全文获取类型
收费全文 | 52416篇 |
免费 | 5323篇 |
国内免费 | 1945篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 425篇 |
儿科学 | 420篇 |
妇产科学 | 552篇 |
基础医学 | 6902篇 |
口腔科学 | 1421篇 |
临床医学 | 4814篇 |
内科学 | 6058篇 |
皮肤病学 | 432篇 |
神经病学 | 3621篇 |
特种医学 | 1832篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 4700篇 |
综合类 | 8419篇 |
现状与发展 | 5篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 8013篇 |
眼科学 | 836篇 |
药学 | 5595篇 |
75篇 | |
中国医学 | 3196篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2365篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 316篇 |
2023年 | 1188篇 |
2022年 | 2322篇 |
2021年 | 2770篇 |
2020年 | 2345篇 |
2019年 | 1864篇 |
2018年 | 1803篇 |
2017年 | 1974篇 |
2016年 | 1873篇 |
2015年 | 2029篇 |
2014年 | 3304篇 |
2013年 | 3805篇 |
2012年 | 3048篇 |
2011年 | 3474篇 |
2010年 | 2642篇 |
2009年 | 2792篇 |
2008年 | 2742篇 |
2007年 | 2696篇 |
2006年 | 2316篇 |
2005年 | 2085篇 |
2004年 | 1678篇 |
2003年 | 1466篇 |
2002年 | 1119篇 |
2001年 | 986篇 |
2000年 | 911篇 |
1999年 | 763篇 |
1998年 | 608篇 |
1997年 | 556篇 |
1996年 | 492篇 |
1995年 | 446篇 |
1994年 | 425篇 |
1993年 | 355篇 |
1992年 | 321篇 |
1991年 | 237篇 |
1990年 | 254篇 |
1989年 | 208篇 |
1988年 | 181篇 |
1987年 | 177篇 |
1986年 | 129篇 |
1985年 | 186篇 |
1984年 | 145篇 |
1983年 | 92篇 |
1982年 | 108篇 |
1981年 | 91篇 |
1980年 | 83篇 |
1979年 | 80篇 |
1978年 | 44篇 |
1977年 | 42篇 |
1976年 | 43篇 |
1975年 | 24篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
荷人卵巢癌严重联合免疫缺陷鼠腹腔移植模型的建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 :建立荷人卵巢癌细胞株 SKOV3严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠 (SCID)动物模型。方法 :SCID鼠腹腔注射人 SKOV3卵巢癌细胞 1× 10 7个 /只 ,饲养在无特定病原体环境中 ,观察其生物学特性。结果 :实验组 3只 SCID小鼠腹腔内均见肿瘤生长 ,并形成以横膈、肠系膜、肝周、腹膜为主的转移灶 ,其中 1只肺部有镜下转移灶。移植后肿瘤细胞在形态、生长、分泌 CA12 5功能方面均与原细胞株保持一致。结论 :建立的荷人 SKOV3卵巢癌 SCID鼠腹腔移植模型能较好地模拟人卵巢癌腹腔播散的生物学特征。 相似文献
22.
Selecting an appropriate working correlation structure is pertinent to clustered data analysis using generalized estimating equations (GEE) because an inappropriate choice will lead to inefficient parameter estimation. We investigate the well‐known criterion of QIC for selecting a working correlation structure, and have found that performance of the QIC is deteriorated by a term that is theoretically independent of the correlation structures but has to be estimated with an error. This leads us to propose a correlation information criterion (CIC) that substantially improves the QIC performance. Extensive simulation studies indicate that the CIC has remarkable improvement in selecting the correct correlation structures. We also illustrate our findings using a data set from the Madras Longitudinal Schizophrenia Study. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
23.
We analyze whether the political system and its stability are related to cross-country differences in health. We apply factor analysis on various national health indicators for a large sample of countries over the period 2000–2005 and use the outcomes of the factor analysis to construct two new health measures, i.e., the health of individuals and the quality of the health care sector. Using a cross-country structural equation model with various economic and demographic control variables, we examine the relationship between the type of regime and political stability on the one hand and health on the other. The political variables and the control variables are measured as averages over the period 1980–1999. Our results suggest that democracy has a positive relationship with the health of individuals, while regime instability has a negative relationship with the health of individuals. Government instability is negatively related to individual health via its link with the quality of the health care sector, while democracy is positively related with individual health through its link with income. Our main findings are confirmed by the results of a panel model and various sensitivity tests. 相似文献
24.
目的 研究败血性急性肺损伤的动物模型,并探讨其在急性肺损伤研究中的意义。方法 用盲肠结扎穿刺(CLP)法的豚鼠急性肺损伤模型,结合动脉血气分析、外周血白细胞计数、肺湿重/干重比值(W/D)及肺组织病理观察。结果 CLP模型中动物的症状和表现缓慢出现,逐渐恶化.最后导致败血性休克,于2d左右出现大量死亡。结论 用盲肠结扎穿刺的方法制作豚鼠急性肺损伤动物模型较大鼠内毒素性休克,表现更类似于人类的肠源性肺损伤,且症状缓慢发生,逐渐恶化,有利于观察和进行各种干预。 相似文献
25.
碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在实验性硬脑膜重建中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
[目的] 探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子( bFGF)在实验性自体筋膜硬脑膜重建中的应用价值.[方法]取 SD大鼠 35只,分成 5组.其中 A组 3只,直接将背部筋膜覆盖在硬膜外, B组 5只,采用自体筋膜硬脑膜重建模型,通过免疫组织化学方法观察这两组大鼠自体筋膜硬脑膜移植的愈合过程及细胞因子 bFGF在其中的表达; C组、 D组、 E组各 9只,分别进行自体筋膜硬脑膜重建, D组加用外源性 bFGF, E组仅用明胶海绵,通过脑脊液漏研究、免疫组织化学方法研究外源性 bFGF对自体筋膜重建硬脑膜愈合过程的影响并用 RT- PCR方法研究内源性 bFGF mRNA的表达情况.[结果] 大鼠自体筋膜移植硬脑膜部位 bFGF表达明显; C、 D、 E组大鼠重建硬脑膜抵抗脑脊液漏压力值( mmH2O)分别为 311± 75, 497± 153, 338± 88,Ⅰ型胶原纤维表达值分别为 4.9± 0.8, 10.9± 1.6, 5.3± 0.9, D组均好于对照组( P< 0.05);内源性 bFGF mRNA的表达没有明显变化.[结论] 在自体筋膜移植硬脑膜的愈合过程中 bFGF可能起了重要的作用;外源性 bFGF处理的大鼠其移植筋膜愈合要好于对照组. 相似文献
26.
Paul Roderick Ruth Davies Chris Jones Terry Feest Steve Smith Ken Farrington 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(3):692-701
BACKGROUND: The demand for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in England has risen steadily, although from a lower base than many other developed countries. Predicting the future demand for RRT and the impact of factors such as the acceptance rate, transplant supply and patient survival, is required in order to inform the planning of such services. METHODS: A discrete event simulation model estimates the future demand for RRT in England in 2010 for a range of scenarios. The model uses current prevalence and current and projected future acceptance rates, survival rates and the transitions between modalities to predict future patient numbers. National population and mortality data, published literature and data from the UK Renal Registry and UK Transplant, are used to estimate unmet need for RRT, the impact of changing demography and incidence of Type 2 diabetes, patient haemodialysis (HD) survival and transplant supply. RESULTS: By 2010 the predicted prevalence will have increased from about 30,000 in 2000 to between 42 and 51,000 (900-1000 p.m.p.), an average annual growth of 4.5-6%. Changing transplant supply has a small effect on overall numbers but changes the proportion of patients with functioning graft by up to 8%. Even with an optimistic increase in transplant supply (11% p.a. for 5 years), numbers on HD will continue to rise substantially, especially in the elderly. The factors most influencing future patient numbers are the acceptance rate and dialysis survival. CONCLUSION: This model predicts a substantial growth in the RRT population to 2010 to a rate approaching 1000 p.m.p., particularly in the elderly and those on HD, with a steady state not being reached for at least 25 years. 相似文献
27.
28.
Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Nancy LeBlanc PhD RN Diane Morin PhD RN 《Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing》2004,17(2):49-55
PROBLEM: To compare depressive symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to those in healthy children, and to explore the influence of individual and family factors on level of depression. METHODS: Individual interviews with 68 children, ages 7 to 12 years, in order to complete the Children's Depression Inventory. FINDINGS: Children with ADHD reported significantly more depressive symptoms than did children without ADHD; 14.7% of children with ADHD reached the threshold of a 19 point score, which suggests clinical depression. No significant effects of individual and family factors on level of depression were found. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD are more inclined to experience depressive symptoms than are healthy children. To plan appropriate interventions, nurses evaluating and working with children with ADHD should always consider a possible coexistence of depressive symptoms. 相似文献
29.
Receiver operating characteristic curves and accuracy parameters were computed for traditional sperm characteristics (concentration, motility, morphology) and the number of peroxidase negative cells, and the concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in semen from populations of fertile and infertile men, and men who achieved a pregnancy after varicocele treatment. The percentage and concentration per millilitre of spermatozoa with rapid linear progressive motility, and the ATP concentration, provided the best discrimination between fertile and treated fertile from infertile men. The misclassification rate was higher for sperm morphology, total progressive motility and viability, whereas sperm concentration and the total sperm count per ejaculate had the worst discriminating power. The number of peroxidase negative cells per 100 spermatozoa was highly specific in identifying men who achieved pregnancy after varicocele treatment. The lower limit of normality of sperm characteristics was remarkably different between fertile men and men achieving pregnancy after treatment or during infertility work-up. 相似文献
30.
D M McSherry 《Statistics in medicine》1986,5(5):497-502
The independence Bayesian model has been used widely in computer programs designed to support clinical decision-making. A reasoning strategy has been developed to enable these programs to conduct clinically pertinent dialogue and explain their reasoning. It has been implemented in a program for the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain based on the Bayesian model of de Dombal et al. Several features of the dialogue design have been adopted from artificial intelligence research, including shared initiative and critiquing. The program adopts a flexible goal-driven strategy, attempting to confirm the clinician's diagnosis or rule out the likeliest alternative. Symptoms and signs are selected in order of their expected weights of evidence in favour of the hypothesized disease. 相似文献