Promoting Children's Mental Health: The European Early Promotion Project (EEPP)

This article describes some key themes arising from a doctoral thesis (DPhil degree awarded in April 2006) on the complex relationship between mood disorder and creativity. A particular emphasis of the research was to explore how creative individuals with mood disorder are able to harness difficult experiences and feelings and make use of them productively in their work and everyday life. The main aim was to extrapolate from these findings any aspects that would be of benefit to other sufferers of mood disorder, whether creative or not. The six key themes outlined comprise a synthesis of the findings of both the literature review and empirical work.     

调任通督治疗失眠症实施护理干预的临床观察

目的 探讨调任通督治疗并实施护理干预对失眠患者睡眠的影响.方法 将57例失眠患者随机分为对照组28例和干预组29例,对照组给予调任通督针剌治疗,干预组在调任通督治疗基础上实施护理干预,观察两组心理健康状况、睡眠质量、临床疗效及治疗依从性,并进行比较.结果 干预组治愈率明显高于对照组,心理健康状况、睡眠质量指标及对治疗的依从性亦明显优于对照组.结论 调任通督针刺并实施护理干预是治疗失眠症的有效方法.     

护理干预对弥漫性轴索损伤患者预后的影响

目的 探讨护理干预对弥漫性轴索损伤患者预后的影响.方法 将40例弥漫性轴索损伤的患者分为观察组和对照组,对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用预见性护理,比较两组的护理效果.结果 观察组的昏迷时间、并发症的发生率、COS(预后)情况显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).且观察组的生活能力及神经缺损程度方面显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 预见性护理有利于减少弥漫性轴索损伤患者的并发症,改善患者的预后,提高生活质量.     

Risk Factor Effect Sizes in PTSD: What This Means for Intervention

SUMMARY

This paper reviews evidence concerning the major risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder. Although there are a number of consistent risk factors, their effects tend to be small and to vary according to the nature of the study. This suggests that they are not well suited to identifying individuals who require early intervention following a traumatic event. In contrast, methods based on symptom reports offer a much more sensitive and practicable approach to screening. A recent instrument, the Trauma Screening Questionnaire, is brief, simple to administer, and highly efficient at identifying survivors in need of intervention.     

学龄前肥胖儿童综合干预研究

目的探讨学龄前肥胖儿童综合干预效果。方法在幼儿园筛查出肥胖儿童80名，所有肥胖儿童均行血脂、血糖、BMI指数检测，并随机分为两组，干预组予综合干预措施；对照组只予一般宣教干预的措施。1年后，复查血脂、血糖、BMI指数。结果干预组儿童较对照组血脂、血糖、BMI指数出现明显下降（P〈0．05）。结论肥胖儿童综合干预措施后，血脂、血糖、BMI指数会出现明显下降，减少了成人期肥胖及相关性疾病如动脉粥样硬化、高脂血症的发生。     

Grandparenting and psychosocial health among older Chileans: A longitudinal analysis

Objectives: To investigate factors associated with Chilean grandparents’ provision of help to grandchildren and associations between provision of such help and grandparents’ mental well-being two years later. Methods: Data are drawn from a representative sample of 2000 people aged 66–68 resident in low- or middle-income areas of Santiago who were surveyed in 2005 and re-interviewed two years later. Multivariable analyses were used to investigate factors associated with provision of help to grandchildren at baseline and associations between providing such help and life satisfaction, SF36-Mental Component Summary scores, and depression two years later. Results: 41% of grandparents lived with one or more grandchildren and over half provided four or more hours per week of help to grandchildren. Models controlling for baseline mental health, grandchild characteristics, marital and household characteristics, socio-economic status and functional health showed that grandfathers who provided four or more hours per week of help to grandchildren had better life satisfaction two years later and that those providing material help had higher SF36 MCS scores at follow-up. Grandmothers providing four or more hours of help a week had lower risks of depression. Conclusion: Older Chileans make important contributions to their families through the provision of help to grandchildren and these appear to have some benefits for their own psychosocial health. Gender differences in the pattern of associations may reflect differences in overall family responsibilities and merit further investigation.     

A meta-meta-analysis of the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical adult populations

Amidst strong efforts to promote the therapeutic benefits of physical activity for reducing depression and anxiety in clinical populations, little focus has been directed towards the mental health benefits of activity for non-clinical populations. The objective of this meta-meta-analysis was to systematically aggregate and quantify high-quality meta-analytic findings of the effects of physical activity on depression and anxiety for non-clinical populations. A systematic search identified eight meta-analytic outcomes of randomised trials that investigated the effects of physical activity on depression or anxiety. The subsequent meta-meta-analyses were based on a total of 92 studies with 4310 participants for the effect of physical activity on depression and 306 study effects with 10,755 participants for the effect of physical activity on anxiety. Physical activity reduced depression by a medium effect [standardised mean difference (SMD) = ?0.50; 95% CI: ?0.93 to ?0.06] and anxiety by a small effect (SMD = ?0.38; 95% CI: ?0.66 to ?0.11). Neither effect showed significant heterogeneity across meta-analyses. These findings represent a comprehensive body of high-quality evidence that physical activity reduces depression and anxiety in non-clinical populations.