宫颈病变的诊治进展

宫颈病变的发生是一个渐进的过程,早期诊断及治疗对预后至关重要.该文将宫颈细胞学检查、阴道镜检查、宫颈锥形切除术、宫颈病变中的基因表达,及其在宫颈病变中的诊断及治疗进展综述如下.     

高频电波刀联合爱宝疗治疗宫颈糜烂的疗效观察

目的 探讨高频电波刀联合爱宝疗治疗中、重度宫颈糜烂的疗效.方法 选择2004年6月-2005年12月间在我院门诊确诊为中、重度宫颈糜烂患者182例,其中52例采用高频电波刀球形电极电熨术(LEEP术)、术后辅以爱宝疗治疗,46例单用LEEP术治疗,44例采用微波治疗,40例采用激光治疗.3个月后比较不同治疗方法的治疗效果.结果 所有病例随诊三个月,LEEP术 爱宝疗组、LEEP术组、微波组、激光组治愈率及总有效率分别为98%(100%)、84%(100%)、16%(90%)、8%(91%),LEEP术 爱宝疗组创面愈合时间最短,阴道排液量最少.结论 使用高频电波刀联合爱宝疗治疗中、重度宫颈糜烂,治愈率高,副作用少,手术简单、安全,值得临床推广.     

测试正畸矫治过程中摩擦力的公式

目的 推导出正畸矫治过程中移动牙所受的摩擦力公式.方法 用槽沟为0.56mm宽的不锈钢方丝弓托槽和 0.41mm澳大利亚圆弓丝组合,缓慢加力使二者相对滑动,记录示波器上所示及各相应数值,推导摩擦力公式.结果 所推导出的摩擦力公式为F摩=μf=(G1-αG2)/(α-1).结论 此摩擦力公式适用于被矫治牙齿在各种托槽与弓丝相对滑动时所要克服的阻力的计算.     

角蛋白17与银屑病

角蛋白17作为一种细胞骨架蛋白,在银屑病患者皮损中过度表达,被认为是银屑病的一种特异性标志物。角蛋白17是一种自身抗原,携带某些和链球菌M6蛋白相似的表位。这些表位可以刺激自身反应性T细胞增殖,促进银屑病相关的细胞因子释放,继而进一步刺激角质形成细胞产生角蛋白17。研究表明角蛋白17/T细胞/细胞因子自身免疫环路可能参与银屑病的发病机制,角蛋白17有可能成为一种新的银屑病治疗靶点。     

高频电波刀和激光治疗慢性宫颈炎的比较研究

目的：评价高频电波刀手术治疗慢性宫颈炎的有效性和安全性。方法：将308例慢性宫颈炎患者分为高频电波刀治疗188例（治疗组）和激光手术治疗120例（对照组）,所有慢性宫颈炎病例术后通过妇科检查、超声及患者的主要症状随访4周至6个月,比较两组的治疗时间和治疗效果。结果：治疗组188例中宫颈糜烂及宫颈息肉均一次性手术成功,两组手术后均无严重并发症。治疗组手术时间3min（1-10min）,对照组为6min（4-15min）。治疗组总的术后满意率为98.94%（186/188）,治疗宫颈息肉满意率为100%;对照组分别为90.83%（109/120）（P〈0.001）,70.59%（P〈0.01）。结论：高频电波刀手术治疗慢性宫颈炎是一种有效而安全的方法,与激光手术治疗比较手术时间短,手术成功率提高。     

贲门癌切除食管全层和胃黏膜吻合术预防吻合口狭窄

目的 探讨贲门癌切除食管胃黏膜吻合预防吻合口狭窄的效果.方法 通过87例的临床资料进行分析.结果 术后2～3 周食管钡剂造影,吻合口直径均＞1cm,术后3个月～6个月随访患者进普食顺利,无返酸、胸骨后疼痛.优:72例;良:7例;可:2例;差:0例.总有效率为93.1%(95%CI=85.4%～98.8%).结论 食管、贲门癌切除采用可吸收缝线吻合,食管全层和胃黏膜吻合是预防食管胃吻合口狭窄的关键措施,吻合口凸向食管胃腔有预防返流性食管炎的作用.     

大鼠阔筋膜襻神经的免疫组织化学研究

目的 :证明Wistar鼠模型人工阔筋膜襻有神经分布。方法 :采用SP免疫组织化学染色方法 ,标记人工阔筋膜襻的S 1 0 0蛋白受体。结果 :术后一个月时 ,大鼠的阔筋膜襻有S 1 0 0蛋白表达 ,表明该人工阔筋膜襻有神经支配。结论 :人工阔筋膜襻是有神经支配的人工装置。     

Additive Manufacturing as a Solution to Challenges Associated with Heat Pipe Production

The aim of this review is to present the recent developments in heat pipe production, which respond to the current technical problems related to the wide implementation of this technology. A novel approach in HP manufacturing is to utilise hi-tech additive manufacturing techniques where the most complicated geometries are fabricated layer-by-layer directly from a digital file. This technology might be a solution to various challenges that exist in HP production, i.e., (1) manufacturing of complex or unusual geometries HPs; (2) manufacturing complicated and efficient homogenous wick structures with desired porosity, uniform pore sizes, permeability, thickness and where the pores are evenly distributed; (3) manufacturing a gravity friendly wick structures; (4) high customisation and production time; (5) high costs; (6) difficulties in the integration of the HP into a unit chassis that enables direct thermal management of heated element and decrease its total thermal resistance; (7) high weight and material use of the part; (8) difficulties in sealing; (9) deformation of the flat shape HPs caused by the high pressure and uneven distribution of stress in the casing, among others.     

胆肠吻合＋皮下空肠盲袢埋藏术对肝内胆管结石的治疗价值

通过皮下空肠袢提供一个可多次重复使用的进入胆道的永久性诊治通道．对有粘连的病人可避免再手术的危险。我们运用此手术方法对肝内胆管结石的治疗进行了前瞻性研究．运用此法治疗５６例肝内胆管结石的病人．无一例住院死亡，术后７％发生并发症．术后经盲端进行了纤维胆道镜扩张狭窄和取石．结果说明胆肠吻合＋皮下盲袢手术是处理复杂性肝内胆管结石的一种有价值的方法．     

Ileostomy for constipation: long-term postoperative outcome

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Idiopathic constipation is a rare indication for ileostomy construction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the success of ileostomy in treatment of severe constipation. Also to analyse the surgical complications and re-operation rate to identify any factors potentially predictive of outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study analysed the long-term outcome of 24 ileostomies constructed for constipation. The ileostomy construction was performed in 13 patients during large bowel/rectum resection, in 6 after a full laparotomy and in 5 through an abdominal wall trephine alone. We analysed the surgical complications and the re-operation rate according any factors potentially predictive of outcome. RESULTS: One (4%) patient had persistent constipation after stoma creation. Surgical complications occurred in 11 (46%): retraction in 6 (25.0%), peristomal sepsis in 3 (12.5%) and parastomal hernia in 2 (8.1%). Refashioning of the stoma was necessary in 7 (29%) patients. Previous abdominal surgery, end ileostomy, ileostomy constructed after large bowel resection or laparotomy were associated with a significantly higher incidence of stomal complications while age, duration of follow up, major complication and ileostomy created after bowel resection were associated to a significantly higher re-operation rate (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified end ileostomy and ileostomy created after bowel resection as independent risk factors for surgical complication and re-operation, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ileostomies were associated with a high frequency of complications, but most could be managed by minor surgical interventions. Patients who are considered for an ileostomy for severe idiopathic constipation should, where possible, have a loop ileostomy through a trephine rather than a laparotomy.