腹腔镜联合注射用醋酸曲普瑞林、孕三烯酮治疗子宫内膜异位症的妊娠结局观察

目的 比较腹腔镜联合注射用醋酸曲普瑞林、孕三烯酮治疗子宫内膜异位症的妊娠结局.方法 选择在本院治疗的子宫内膜异位症患者80例,随机将患者分成A组40例,B组40例.A组采用腹腔镜联合注射用醋酸曲普瑞林治疗,B组采用腹腔镜联合孕三烯酮治疗,观察两组的症状缓解、复发率及妊娠情况.结果 A组治疗后第1年的妊娠率明显高于治疗后第2、3年（P＜0.05）,A组的妊娠率明显高于B组（P＜0.05）.A组的缓解率明显高于B组（P＜0.05）.结论 腹腔镜联合注射用醋酸曲普瑞林治疗子宫内膜异位症的效果显著,可提高患者妊娠率,具有较高的临床应用价值.     

醋酸亮丙瑞林脂质体及壳聚糖包衣脂质体经肠道及Caco-2细胞转运机制

目的考察醋酸亮丙瑞林脂质体及壳聚糖包衣脂质体经大鼠肠道及Caco-2细胞的转运机制。方法应用翻转肠囊法和Caco-2 细胞模型考察游离醋酸亮丙瑞林、脂质体包封的醋酸亮丙瑞林以及壳聚糖包衣脂质体中醋酸亮丙瑞林的转运特征。在Caco-2细胞水平考察壳聚糖浓度、加入次序对脂质体中醋酸亮丙瑞林渗透的影响。结果游离醋酸亮丙瑞林的转运符合被动扩散的性质。相同实验条件下，脂质体中药物渗透量低于游离药物。可能是由于脂质体包封醋酸亮丙瑞林，阻止了药物向肠囊和Caco-2细胞转运。但是脂质体对酶降解醋酸亮丙瑞林具有保护作用。壳聚糖促进脂质体中亮丙瑞林的转运，壳聚糖的促渗作用在0.1%-0.5%浓度范围无明显差异。壳聚糖包覆脂质体后的促渗作用弱于其单独使用的促渗作用。结论壳聚糖包衣醋酸亮丙瑞林脂质体兼有保护和促渗作用，可能促进醋酸亮丙瑞林的口服吸收。     

醋酸甲羟孕酮的极谱行为及其分析应用

目的:研究醋酸甲羟孕酮(MPA)的电极反应机理,拟定了测定MPA的单扫描示波极谱法。方法:用单扫描示波极谱法、快速扫描循环伏安法、恒电位电解法、紫外分光光度法等多种技术进行研究。结果:在醋酸盐缓冲溶液中,MPA的C=C双键首先发生单电子单质子还原,产生了中间体自由基HMPA·。随后HMPA·可以单电子单质子方式进一步还原,形成产物H2MPA;同时也可以与中性MPA分子形成二聚体自由基HMPA·MPA·。在0.2mol·L^-1HAc—NaAc缓冲液中,MPA还原波的二阶导数峰电流iP″与其浓度C_MPA在2.0×10^-6～6.0×10^-5mol·L^-1范围内成线性关系,相关系数γ=0.998。结论:证实MPA的还原过程有中间体自由基参与。     

醋酸铅对豚鼠耳蜗橄榄束传出神经毒性的研究

目的探讨醋酸铅对豚鼠内侧橄榄耳蜗传出神经的损害。方法 70只成年健康豚鼠随机分为对照组和实验组。对照组(10只)豚鼠腹腔注射生理盐水1ml,共7次。实验组又分为高铅组和低铅组(各30只),分别每天1次腹腔注射0.25%醋酸铅溶液40mg/kg和10mg/kg,连续一周,分别于停药后14、28天(各15只))进行血铅含量和畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)检测,检测完成后断头处死,行基底膜铺片染色。结果实验组醋酸铅染毒后,血清中铅含量迅速升高。对照组和低铅组耳蜗传出神经分布均匀,神经纤维连续,DPOAE出现了不同程度的对侧声抑制效应,低铅组14天和28天抑制幅度分别为3.06±1.19dB和2.86±1.33dB;高铅组14天后耳蜗传出神经纤维连续性中断,乙酰胆碱酯酶终末反应物减少,DPOAE对侧声抑制幅度下降为0.74±0.61dB;高铅组28天后传出神经损害最为显著,DPOAE未引出。结论铅可对豚鼠内侧橄榄耳蜗传出神经产生不可逆性的损害。     

Dietary Fibre and Organic Acids in Kiwifruit Suppress Glycaemic Response Equally by Delaying Absorption—A Randomised Crossover Human Trial with Parallel Analysis of 13C-Acetate Uptake

Non-sugar components of kiwifruit reduce the amplitude of the glycaemic response to co-consumed cereal starch. We determined the relative contribution of different non-sugar kiwifruit components to this anti-glycaemic effect. Healthy participants (n = 9) ingested equal carbohydrate meals containing 20 g starch as wheat biscuit (WB, 30 g), and the sugar equivalent of two kiwifruit (KFsug, 20.4 g), either intrinsic or added as glucose, fructose and sucrose (2:2:1). The meals were WB+KFsug (control, no non-sugar kiwifruit components), WB + whole kiwifruit pulp (WB+KF), WB + neutralised kiwifruit pulp (WB+KFneut), WB + low-fibre kiwifruit juice (WB+KFjuice) and WB+KFsug + kiwifruit organic acids (WB+KFsug+OA). All meals were spiked with 100 mg sodium [1-¹³C] acetate to measure intestinal absorption. Each participant ingested all meals in random order. Blood glucose and breath ¹³CO₂ were measured at ingestion and at 15 min intervals up to 180 min. Compared with WB+KFsug, whole kiwifruit pulp (WB+KF) almost halved glycaemic response amplitude (p < 0.001), reduced incremental area under the blood glucose response curve (iAUC) at 30 min (peak) by 50% (p < 0.001), and averted late postprandial hypoglycaemia. All other treatments suppressed response amplitude half as much as whole kiwifruit and averted acute hypoglycaemia, with little effect on iAUC. Effects on ¹³CO₂ exhalation paralleled effects on blood glucose (R² = 0.97). Dietary fibre and organic acids contributed equally to the anti-glycaemic effect of kiwifruit by reducing intestinal absorption rate. Kiwifruit flesh effectively attenuates glycaemic response in carbohydrate exchange, as it contains fructose, dietary fibre and organic acids.     

南川木波罗根皮的化学成分

目的:研究南川木波罗根皮的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶、Diaion HP20大孔吸附树脂、MCI gel CHP 20P树脂凝胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、ODS等柱色谱分离手段,对南川木波罗根皮醇提物的乙酸乙酯部位进行化学成分的分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质及光谱数据鉴定其结构。结果:分离了9个化合物,分别鉴定为4-羟基苯甲醛(p-hydroxybenzaldehyde)(1),2,4-二羟基苯甲酸(2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid)(2),香豆酸(p-coumaric acid)(3),儿茶素[(+)catechin](4),(E)-阿魏酸甲酯[(E)-ferulic acid methyl ester](5),E-对-羟基肉桂酸甲酯(p-E-hedroxycinnamic acid methyl ester)(6),norartocarpetin(7),反式氧化白黎芦醇(trans-oxyresveratrol)(8),moracin M(9)。结论:化合物1,2,5,6为首次从桑科植物中获得,化合物3为首次在波罗蜜属植物中发现,而化合物7~9为首次从南川木波罗中分离得到。     

术前给予醋酸亮丙瑞林对子宫肌瘤腹腔镜剔除术手术效果研究

目的:研究术前给予醋酸亮丙瑞林对子宫肌瘤腹腔镜剔除术手术效果影响。方法:研究对象选取我院2012年10月到2017年10月间行子宫肌瘤腹腔镜剔除术患者120例,采用随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各60例。对照组患者仅行子宫肌瘤腹腔镜剔除术治疗,观察组患者子宫肌瘤腹腔镜剔除术前,皮下注射醋酸亮丙瑞林预处理。比较两组患者的手术和术后效果指标,同时比较观察组患者治疗前后的血清黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素、雌二醇水平和月经量、子宫体积、肌瘤体积等。结果:观察组患者的术中出血量、盆腔引流量、首次下床活动时间、住院时间均明显低于对照组(P<0.01),观察组患者治疗后的血清黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素、雌二醇水平均明显低于治疗前(P<0.01),月经量、子宫体积、肌瘤体积均明显低于治疗前(P<0.01)。结论:子宫肌瘤腹腔镜剔除术术前给予醋酸亮丙瑞林治疗,能够有效调节患者激素水平和月经量,缩小子宫肌瘤体积,提高术前准备质量,有助于患者手术开展和术后恢复,值得在临床推广。     

Animal models to test drugs with potential antidiabetic activity

Although medicinal plants have been historically used for diabetes treatment throughout the world, few of them have been validated by scientific criteria. Recently, a large diversity of animal models has been developed to better understand the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and new drugs have been introduced in the market to treat this disease. The aim of this work was to review the available animal models of diabetes and some in vitro models which have been used as tools to investigate the mechanism of action of drugs with potential antidiabetic properties. In addition, a MEDLINE/PUBMED search for articles on natural products, pancreatectomy and diabetes mellitus treatment published between 1996 and 2006 was done. In the majority of the studies, natural products mainly derived from plants have been tested in diabetes models induced by chemical agents. This review contributes to the researcher in the ethnopharmacology field to designs new strategies for the development of novel drugs to treat this serious condition that constitutes a global public health.