Hepatoprotective effects of Rubus aleaefolius Poir. and identification of its active constituents

The purpose of this study was to study the hepatoprotective effects of the most promising extract of the root from Rubus aleaefolius Poir. and to isolate and identify the active components. Various crude forms of Rubus aleaefolius have been evaluated for their effects on CCl₄-induced acute liver injury in mice vivo experimental model. Treatment groups contained 5 sub-groups that were ethanol crude extract; the high/low dosage ethyl acetate or n-butanol fraction; extracted with ethyl acetate or n-butanol after the residues and major constituent; intragastrically administrated with 35 mg/kg; 35, 4.6 mg/kg; 35, 5.8 mg/kg; 35 mg/kg and 3.5 mg/kg for 7 days. The serum samples were collected for biological analysis and also carried out histopathological studies.     

Mechanical antithrombogenic properties by vibrational excitation of the impeller in a magnetically levitated centrifugal blood pump

Mechanical circulatory support devices have been used clinically for patients with heart failure for over 10 years. However, thrombus formation inside blood pumps remains a risk to patient life, causing pump failure and contributing to neurological damage through embolization. In this article, we propose a method for preventing thrombus formation by applying vibrational excitation to the impeller. We evaluate the ability of this method to enhance the antithrombogenic properties of a magnetically levitated centrifugal blood pump and ensure that the impeller vibration does not cause undue hemolysis. First, 3 vibrational conditions were compared using an isolated pump without a mock circulation loop; the vibrational excitation frequencies and amplitudes for the impeller were set to (a) 0 Hz‐0 μm, (b) 70 Hz‐10 μm, and (c) 300 Hz‐2.5 μm. The motor torque was measured to detect thrombus formation and obtain blood coagulation time by calculating the derivative of the torque. Upon thrombus detection, the pump was stopped and thrombi size were evaluated. The results showed an increase in the blood coagulation time and a decrease in the rate of thrombus formation in pumps with the impeller vibration. Second, an in vitro hemolysis test was performed for each vibrational condition to determine the effect of impeller vibration on hemolysis. The results revealed that there was no significant difference in hemolysis levels between each condition. Finally, the selected vibration based on the above test results and the non‐vibration as control were compared to investigate antithrombogenic properties under the continuous flow condition. The blood coagulation time and thrombi size were investigated. As a result, vibrational excitation of the impeller at a frequency of 300 Hz and amplitude of 2.5 μm was found to significantly lengthen clotting time, decreasing the rate of pump thrombus compared to the non‐vibration condition. We indicate the potential of impeller vibration as a novel mechanical antithrombogenic mechanism for rotary blood pumps.     

Neurotrophin-3 gene,intelligence, and selective attention deficit in a Korean sample with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Objective

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic component. Neurotrophin-3 (NTF3), which participates in the differentiation and survival of dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons, has been identified as a factor in the development of ADHD. We investigated the relationships between ADHD and NTF3 gene polymorphism.

Methods

We conducted a case–control analysis of 202 ADHD subjects and 159 controls, performed a transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) on 151 trios, and compared the intelligence quotient (IQ) and a continuous performance test (CPT) according to the genotype of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6332 and rs6489630) in the NTF3 gene.

Results

In the case–control and family-based analyses, NTF3 was not significantly associated with ADHD. However, in the ADHD probands, the subjects with AA genotype in the rs6332 SNP had significantly higher mean T-scores for commission errors on the CPT than did those with the AG genotypes (p = 0.045). The mean IQ of the ADHD probands who had the CC genotype of the rs6489630 SNP were higher compared with those who had the CT or TT genotype (p = 0.035). The mean T-score for response time on the CPT was higher in the subjects with TT genotype in the rs6489630 SNP compared to those with the CC or CT genotype, even after adjusting for the effect of IQ (p = 0.021).

Conclusions

These results provide preliminary evidence of an association between NTF3 and the intelligence and selective attention deficit in the Korean population.     

电子病历与电子病历系统

重新定义了电子病历与电子病历系统的基本概念,对电子病历与电子病历系统的内涵与外延进行定位,指出＂无纸化存储、一体化展现、智能化应用＂是电子病历建设的目标,着重阐述了实现无纸化电子病历应具备的条件,提出电子病历的发展趋势是更加人性化、更加标准化和区域一体化,对国内电子病历的建设提出了几点建议。     

放大内镜联合内镜智能分光比色技术对胃癌及癌前病变的诊断价值

目的: 探讨放大内镜联合富士能电子分光内镜技术(FICE)对胃癌及癌前病变的诊断价值.方法: 收集消化内镜检查患者109例,共116处病灶,用放大内镜联合FICE技术及染色放大内镜观察胃黏膜腺管开口和微血管形态,将其分为6型(Ⅰ~Ⅲ型为胃黏膜腺管结构清晰,微血管形态分别为规则清晰、不规则、模糊不清;Ⅳ~Ⅵ型为胃黏膜腺管结构不规则模糊,微血管形态分别为规则清晰、不规则、模糊不清),并行活检组织学病理检查,将分型结合病理结果进行分析.结果: FICE放大内镜对腺管开口分型的诊断优于常规放大内镜(P< 0.01);FICE放大内镜与染色放大内镜图像相比,能更清晰显示胃黏膜微细血管形态结构(P< 0.01),两者在显示腺管开口方面差异无统计学意义(P >0.05).胃黏膜腺管开口规则清楚的病灶中(Ⅰ～Ⅲ型)均未发现癌变,仅有1例高级别内瘤变;高级别内瘤变及癌变均集中于胃黏膜腺管开口不规则模糊病灶中(Ⅳ～Ⅵ型).结论: 利用放大内镜联合FICE技术观察胃黏膜细微结构,能更加精确地引导活检,提高胃癌内镜诊断的准确性.     

基于有限状态机控制的智能假肢踝关节

背景：目前智能假肢只是考虑了膝关节的作用,假肢踝关节只是作为假肢膝关节的辅助工具,无法根据外部环境和步态的变化实现假肢自然的行走。 目的：研制出可靠的智能假肢踝关节,有效改善截肢者的步态。 方法：在阻尼可变式踝足假肢的基础上,提出了有限状态机的控制方法,对踝足步态进行了详细的划分,在每个步态内制定了相关的控制策略。 结果与结论：实验结果表明,基于有限状态机控制的智能假肢踝关节能够有效的跟随健肢侧运动,能够适应不同的步速,为以后膝踝协调运动奠定了一定的实验基础。     

生物反馈式人工肛门感知系统的研制及效果

背景：人工肛门为治疗肛门失禁开辟了一条新的思路,然而现有的人工肛门没有感知和反馈功能。患者只能通过习惯而不是肠内容物的实际情况排便。因此人工肛门感知和反馈系统的研制是亟待解决的问题。 目的：研制能感知和反馈肠内容物量和压力变化的人工肛门感知系统。 方法：通过实验分别向20只新西兰兔近结肠远端10 cm肠管内注入不同体积的模拟气体、液体、半流体、固体肠内容物,并测量肠管和压力感应套囊的压力变化,分析4种状态肠内容物体积与肠管压力和压力感应套囊压力的关系。 结果与结论：实验结果表明,肠管内压力和套囊压力随肠内容物体积的增加而增大,套囊压力与肠内容物体积和肠管压力在一定范围内成正相关。通过实验证实,该生物反馈式人工肛门感知系统能有效的反映肠内容物的多少和肠内压的变化,是解决人工肛门感知和反馈的有效策略,为生物反馈式智能人工肛门的研制打下基础。     

制药4.0背景下关于智慧文件管理系统的探讨

本文以药品生产企业为例,探讨智慧文件管理系统的定义、需求,再结合国内外制药行业药品生产质量管理规范(GMP)检查缺陷项目现状和数据完整性的要求,以数据的4W(who,when,where,what)属性为基础,探讨智慧化文件系统的构建思路,通过3个设计的运用举例来展现该系统具备搜索和逻辑运算功能的显著特点,并预见该系统的优点和实施难点。该系统将有利于制药4.0背景下的工厂实现高效、便捷地利用各类文件进行信息检索和逻辑运算,使得药品研发和注册工作更加科学、系统、有序,同时也利于国际标准化录入和建立绿色低碳、信息化、智能化、国际化的制药核心技术平台。     

一种按摩机芯的创新设计

目前,常规的按摩机芯在其运行时,因按摩力度不受监控,按摩效果不太理想,且有安全隐患,为此设计了一种能实时检测并控制按摩力度的新型按摩机芯.对样机进行测试验证,结果表明,该设计可实现预期的效果.新设计的按摩机芯智能化程度高,在安全性、舒适度、按摩疗效及使用寿命等方面均有明显进步.     

内镜智能分光比色放大内镜对胃息肉的诊断价值

[目的]探讨内镜智能分光比色技术(FICE)染色放大内镜对胃息肉的诊断价值。[方法]回顾性分析FICE染色放大内镜下178枚胃息肉的腺管开口分型,将FICE染色放大内镜诊断与病理结果进行对比。[结果]178枚息肉中,胃底40枚,胃体75枚,胃窦63枚。腺管开口Ⅰ型53枚,Ⅱ型74枚、ⅢL型34枚、Ⅲs型6枚,Ⅳ型10枚、Ⅴi型1枚。病理结果提示炎性息肉多为Ⅰ型,少数为Ⅱ型和ⅢL型,增生性息肉主要为Ⅱ型,胃底腺息肉主要为Ⅲl型,腺瘤性息肉主要为Ⅳ型。[结论]FICE染色放大内镜诊断胃息肉与病理诊断符合率高,可有效拟诊胃息肉性质,为胃息肉的治疗提供参考依据。