The parabiliary venous system

Summary The parabiliary venous system originates from the pancreatico-duodenal and pyloro-duodenal veins, runs along the common bile-duct and the hepatic artery, and divides in the liver hilum into a venous network within the hilar plate. Embryologically, this system, apparently independent of the portal vein, develops together with the bile-ducts and the hepatic artery: these three structures are within the substance of the vasculo-biliary sheaths, and the whole complex invades the liver well after the distribution of the portal vein has been established. It should be pointed out that segments I and IV also appear rather late. Seventy-four specemins with injection of the system have been studied. The hilar plexus sends branches to the veins of the segments adjacent to the hilum. Some vessels directly supply the inferior surface of the quadrate lobe or the caudate lobe, or the left lobe. In 46.50% of specemins, part of the cystic veins are anastomosed with the Parabiliary system.

---

Le système veineux parabiliaire

Résumé Le système veineux parabiliaire prend origine dans les veines pancréatico-duodénales et pyloro-duodénales, monte le long de la voie biliaire et l'artère hépatique, et se termine dans le hile dans un lascis veineux situé dans la plaque hilaire. Embryologiquement il semble étranger à la formation de la veine porte, se constitue en même temps que les canaux biliaires et les artères intra-hépatiques: ces trois éléments sont situés dans la texture même des enveloppes vasculo-biliaires, et le tout envahit le foie bien après la pénétration de la veine porte. L'étude porte sur 74 foies dans lesquels le système s'est trouvé injecté. Le plexus hilaire envoie des collatérales qui se jettent dans les veines des segments adjacents au hile. Mais certaines branches irriguent directement la face inférieure du lobe carré, ou le lobe gauche. Dans 46,50% des cas, une partie des veines cystiques se jettent dans ce système.

     

孤束核内鼓索传入味觉神经元的形态与功能的关系

雄性SD大鼠54只，体重250～300g，用细胞内记录和细胞内注射的方法，将灌注的（2％NB溶于0.1mol／LKCl，pH7．4）记录电极（尖端直径80～100nm，电阻60～100MΩ）置于孤束核吻侧部，同时用味素（盐，酸，糖，苦）灌洗舌。在完成生理学记录、确认其至少对一种味素起反应后，进行细胞内注射．成色反应证明71个吻例孤束核味觉神经元被标记．标记神经元经三维重组系统重组后，依据细胞体积、胞体面积、树突节段平均长度、膨体密度、树突棘密度和初级树突数量等六个形态学特征，进行统计学（ANOVA）定量分析，将标记细胞分为A，B，C，D，E，F六类．每类细胞至少有一个形态学特征与其它五类有显著的不同．本研究还发现味谱值与标记细胞的大小及树突分校点的数量呈正相关而与树突棘密度呈负相关；对四种基本味素反应的标记细胞数量依次为盐＞酸＞甜＞苦；C类神经元的味谱值较小；单纯对苦（Quinine）反应的神经元与单纯对其它三种味素反应的神经元相比，具有胞体小、树突在冠状和矢状切面上的扩展范围小、树突整体接受面积也小的特征；在对盐类反应的神经元中，单纯氯化钠反应神经元与对所有盐类都反应的神经元相比，具有胞体表面积大、树突接受区域大、树突总长度长及在水平切面上吻尾扩展长的特点。此结果为?     

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the mouse

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) into mouse oocytes involvesa very low survival rate. This study was designed to determinewhy ICSI frequently fails in mice. Metaphase II oocytes wereobtained from superovulated 4–6 week old F₁ hybrid mice.Spermatozoa were retrieved from the epididymis of 12–14week old F₁ hybrid mice. The spiked microinjection pipette usedto inject a spermatozoon into the ooplasm had outer and innerdiameters of 10 and 8 µm respectively. The oocytes usedin the first part of the study were not activated (group 1).Some oocytes were incubated with calcium ionophore for 5 min(group 2). The injected oocytes were evaluated 6, 20, 48 and72 h after injection. A total of 143 eggs in each group underwentICSI. In group 1, sperm heads escaped into the perivitellinespace. In all, 63 (47%) of the remaining oocytes were damagedduring the injection or had degenerated by the first evaluation.The survival rate was 53%, but fertilization did not occur.In group 2, 31 oocytes (22%) were damaged during microinjectionor soon degenerated. Two oocytes underwent accidental subzonalinsemination. Six oocytes were fertilized (4.2%) among the 78%of survivors. After injection, the sperm tail was found in thecytoplasm (27 and 31% in groups 1 and 2 respectively), the perivitellinespace (45% in both groups) or protruding through the zona pellucida(28 and 23% respectively). More oocytes degenerated when thetail remained in the cytoplasm, i.e. 78% in group 1 and 36%in group 2.     

黄芪注射液不良反应的病例汇总

黄芪射液目前被临床广泛用于抗病毒,调节免疫治疗。近年来报道的黄芪注射液不良反应有迟发性严重静脉炎、过敏性休克、少尿、药物热、溶血性贫血、喉头水肿、急性荨麻疹、剧烈头痛等。提示临床应用中应当予以重视。     

Vitreoretinal toxicity of basic fibroblast growth factor

Basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) is one of the multifunctional growth factors with important therapeutic potential in the field of ophthalmology. It is also implicated in pathogenesis of vitreoretinal proliferative diseases. In the present study, we evaluated its vitreoretinal toxicity by means of clinical observation, electroretinography (ERG), and histopathology after injection of different doses of b-FGF into the vitreous of rabbit eyes. Doses of b-FGF up to 2 g per eye caused no toxicity; however, injection of 4 g or more resulted in sight-threatening vitreoretinal proliferative changes. This information is important for studies aimed at evaluating the therapeutic potential of b-FGF in retinal diseases.Despite some degree of vitreous organization and opacification, retinal folds, and small areas of traction retinal detachment, the amplitudes of ERGs were normal or even increased (hyperpolarization) in eyes which received 8 g of b-FGF.     

注射用克林霉素磷酸酯的稳定性研究

目的：对影响注射用克林霉素磷酸酯稳定性的各种因素进行考察,方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定注射用克林霉素磷酸酯的稳定性。结果：温度对本制剂稳定性有影响,对光稳定性较好。结论：本制剂应于凉暗干燥处贮存。     

鞘内注射胶原酶对兔脊髓及周围组织损伤作用的研究

目的:通过鞘内注射不同剂量的胶原酶,观察其对脊髓及周围组织的损伤作用。方法:把40只兔分成A、B、C、D、E5组,分别在鞘内注射0.3mL的生理盐水和24、50、100、250U的胶原酶,通过形态学、脊髓诱发电位和组织病理学的检查以观察胶原酶对上述组织的损伤。结果:鞘内注射胶原酶的4组兔中都有不同程度的瘫痪,没有瘫痪的兔其SCEP也有改变,病检发现脊髓、神经根和血管都有不同程度的损伤,胶原酶剂量越大,损伤越重。结论:胶原酶鞘内注射对兔脊髓及其周围组织有严重的损伤作用。     

体外受精与卵细胞内单精显微注射后受精和胚胎质量的比较

目的 评估 ICSI与 IVF后的卵子受精和胚胎发育,了解不明原因不孕的病人在同一治疗周期中,通过 ICSI受精的胚胎是否较 IVF更好。方法 将 30例不明原因不孕的病人同一周期的卵子随机分为两组,分别行 ICSI和 IVF授精,比较各组间卵子的受精和胚胎质量。结果 不明原因不孕中 IVF授精后发生受精障碍 3例,占 10％ (3/30),而 ICSI授精后无受精障碍发生; ICSI授精组与 IVF授精组比较,卵子受精率无明显差异,而 a类胚胎率差异显著 (P     

经皮肺内注射无水乙醇的动物实验研究

为了观察经皮穿刺注射无水乙醇对肺组织的局部作用和全身影响 ,为经皮穿刺注射无水乙醇 (PEI)治疗肺癌的安全性和可行性提供依据 ,我们进行了家兔肺内PEI的初步实验研究。结果显示 :PEI后的第 1天至第 3天 ,注射局部的肺组织发生凝固性坏死 ,周围肺水肿、充血 ,伴大量嗜中性白细胞浸润。 1～ 2周后 ,肺局灶性上皮细胞肉芽组织增生 ,最后纤维化。PEI早期既无大面积肺组织坏死 ,亦无明显的全身副作用。本研究结果提示 ,肺内PEI是安全可行的