Late-onset sepsis due to Salmonella Typhi in a preterm infant in a French neonatal unit

We report a case of late-onset sepsis caused by Salmonella Typhi in a one-month old preterm infant hospitalised in our neonatal unit. An investigation of the index case was undertaken to identify the source of contamination. The patient made a complete recovery.     

多种油脂肪乳剂对超未成熟儿肝功能影响

目的: 探讨多种油脂肪乳剂对超未成熟儿肝脏功能的影响。方法: 回顾分析2015年7月1日至2021年6月30日收治的胎龄＜28周、接受肠外静脉营养超过2周的超未成熟儿60例。根据应用脂肪乳剂种类不同,分为SMOF (多种油脂肪乳)组(n=30),和LCT (长链脂肪乳)组(n=30)。比较2组DBIL、ALT、γ-GT、TBA达峰值的指标及胃肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积(PNAC)发病率。结果: LCT组DBIL、ALT、γ-GT、TBA峰值均数分别为25.7(6.5~223)μmol·L^-1、(52.5±44.7) U·L^-1、(204.9±74.7) U·L^-1、(64.9±48.6)μmol·L^-1,SMOF组DBIL、ALT、γ-GT、TBA峰值均数分别为15.1(5.2~167.7)μmol·L^-1、(32.5±18.8) U·L^-1、(176.9±74.7) U·L^-1、(53.3±35.8)μmol·L^-1,其中2组DBIL、ALT峰值比较,P分别为0.026及0.034,差异均有统计学意义。2组γ-GT、TBA峰值比较差异无统计学意义。LCT组PNAC发生率为40%,SMOF组PNAC发生率为16.7%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。结论: 与LCT比较,SMOF能减轻超未成熟儿DBIL、GOT、γ-GT、TBA的严重程度,并降低PNAC的发生率,对肝脏有一定的保护作用。     

A Descriptive Study of Women Presenting to an Obstetric Triage Unit With No Prenatal Care

ObjectiveTo describe women presenting to an obstetric triage unit with no prenatal care (PNC), to identify gaps in care, and to compare care provided to World Health Organization (WHO) standards.MethodsWe reviewed the charts of women who gave birth at Women’s Hospital in Winnipeg and were discharged between April 1, 2008, and March 31, 2011, and identified those whose charts were coded with ICD-10 code Z35.3 (inadequate PNC) or who had fewer than 2 PNC visits. Three hundred eighty-two charts were identified, and sociodemographic characteristics, PNC history, investigations, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The care provided was compared with WHO guidelines.ResultsOne hundred nine women presented to the obstetric triage unit with no PNC; 96 (88.1%) were in the third trimester. Only 39 women (35.8%) received subsequent PNC, with care falling short of WHO standards. Gaps in PNC included missing time-sensitive screening tests, mid-stream urine culture, and Chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. The mean maternal age was 26.1 years, and 93 women (85.3%) were multigravidas. More than one half of the women (51.4%) were involved with Child and Family Services, 64.2% smoked, 33.0% drank alcohol, and 32.1% used illicit drugs during pregnancy. Two thirds of the women (66.2%) lived in inner-city Winnipeg. Only 63.0% of neonates showed growth appropriate for gestational age. Two pregnancies ended in stillbirth; there was one neonatal death, and over one third of the births were preterm.ConclusionMost women who present with no PNC do so late in pregnancy, proceed to deliver with little or no additional PNC, and have high rates of adverse outcomes. Thus, efforts to improve PNC must focus on facilitating earlier entry into care. This would also improve compliance with WHO guidelines for continuing care. Treatment protocols could improve gaps in obtaining urine culture and in Chlamydia and gonorrhea testing.     

益生元与肠道粘膜免疫及婴幼儿过敏性疾病的研究进展

早期预防过敏性疾病对于阻断过敏进程,提高儿童生活质量非常重要。近期较多研究显示,益生元可以模拟母乳中低聚糖,通过多种途径参与肠道粘膜免疫,如影响肠道菌群的种类及数量、促进结肠内短链脂肪酸产生等,从而对过敏性疾病的发生产生影响。虽然对于益生元调节免疫及预防过敏的结论尚不完全一致,但越来越多的证据显示益生元可能是预防过敏性疾病重要措施之一。     

Developmental Progression of Motor Skills in Children Prenatally Exposed to Cocaine

This study tested the motor development of 73 infants who were prenatally exposed to cocaine using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Repeated measures MANOVA found a main effect for age with scores decreasing as children increased in age. The significant interactive effect between age and skill type indicated that fine motor quotient scores decreased more than the comparable gross motor scores. T-tests showed significant differences between the two skill types: fine motor skills were higher at the first two testing periods and lower at the last two periods. This article discusses the nature of the delays at specified age periods and the implications for future assessment and programming.