咪达那新片在中国健康受试者生物等效性研究

目的 研究咪达那新片仿制药与原研药在中国健康受试者中单剂量空腹和餐后条件下给药的生物等效性.方法 采用单中心、随机、开放、单次给药、两制剂、两周期交叉试验设计,共纳入60例(空腹试验30例,餐后试验30例)成年男性和女性受试者随机交叉给药.分别单次口服受试制剂和参比制剂0.1 mg,用液相色谱串联质谱法(LC/MS/M...     

冻干重组葡激酶对正常人凝血、纤溶系统影响的研究

目的　探讨冻干重组葡激酶 (r Sak)对正常人出、凝血及纤溶系统的影响 ,为进一步临床应用提供翔实的依据。方法　健康志愿者 2 0例静脉注射不同剂量r Sak(1、2 5、5、10、15mg) ,观察临床出血情况以及动态监测用药前后BT、BPC、APTT、PT、TT、Fg、D D、PL∶A、α2 PI∶A。结果　 2 0例中 4例有轻微出血 ,以皮肤粘膜为主 ,可自行止血 ,无 1例伴内脏出血。其中 3例牙龈渗血 ,2例穿刺部位出血。 4例有D D轻微异常 ,其余以上指标皆无变化。实验显示本药为高度选择性溶栓药 ,对正常人出凝血相无改变。结论　在本试验剂量范围内 ,该药是相对安全的 ,可很好耐受 ,但用于临床的最佳剂量有待进一步临床验证     

Body Fat Moderates the Association of Olfactory Dysfunction with Dietary Intake in U.S. Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES 2013–2014

Background: Obesity relates to impaired olfactory function. Abnormal olfactory function is also associated with poor diet; however, whether obesity-related markers shape this relationship is unknown. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis (n = 1415, age > 40 years) of NHANES 2013–2014 examined body fat percent (BF%) and waist circumference (WC) as moderators of the relationship between olfactory function and diet. The olfactory function test identified adults with olfactory dysfunction (OD) or normal olfaction (NO). Validated 24 h recall captured nutrient intake and Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores. BF% and WC were measured. We tested adjusted linear regression models, with an interaction term between olfactory function and BF%/WC, for each nutrient or HEI score, and reported coefficients (β), standard errors (SE), and p-values for significant interaction terms. Results: In OD (9.5%; mean age 50.9 years, 95% CI 49.6, 52.2) compared with NO (mean age 49.3 years, 95% CI 48.8, 49.9), higher BF% was associated with higher intake of saturated fat (β (SE): 0.2 (0.1) g; p = 0.06) and percent of total calories from total fat (0.2 (0.1); p = 0.07), saturated (0.1 (0.004); p = 0.02), and monounsaturated fat (0.1 (0.1); p = 0.08); lower percent of total calories from carbohydrates (−0.2 (0.1); p = 0.09) and mg of sodium (−17.8 (09.6); p = 0.08); and a higher (healthier) refined grain score (0.1 (0.1); p = 0.04). Higher WC was associated with higher refined grain scores (0.01 (0.02); p = 0.01) in OD. Conclusion: BF% may shape dietary intake and quality in OD. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the directionality of these relationships and develop strategies to improve dietary intake among OD.     

长春市小儿手足口病临床特点及病原学分析

目的 了解长春市儿童医院2009至2010年住院的手足口病(hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)患儿的临床表现及病原情况.方法 采集2009年5月至2010年11月在长春市儿童医院就诊的HFMD患儿1 862例的临床资料及患儿粪便和咽拭子标本,用RT-PCR方法对1 514份粪便标本进行肠道病毒71犁(enterovirus 71,EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A16型(Coxsackie virus A16,CoxA16)扩增,用人横纹肌肉瘤细胞对530份咽拭子标本进行病毒分离.结果 HFMD住院数2009年687人次,2010年1 175人次;其中重患率2009年6.26％( 43/687),2010年为16.51％( 194/1 175).季节分布:2009年6月及2010年6、7、8月为发病高峰月份.性别分布男1 241例,女621例.发病平均年龄(28.32±15.22)个月.城乡分布为1∶1.05.临床表现:100％出现皮疹;就诊时首发症状发热55.69％(1 037/1 862)、神经系统症状6.07％ (113/1 862)、呕吐1.41％ (26/1 862).病程中出现心肌损伤547例(29.41％),神经系统并发症548例(29.43％),呼吸系统并发症82例(4.39％).病毒分离阳性166例,阳性率31.32％.2009年EV71检出率9.62％,CoxA16检出率10.57％:2010年EV71检出率32.52％,CoxA 16检出率39.53％.结论 小儿HFMD发病数2010年较2009年增多,重患率亦增高;在夏秋季对发热患儿应注意HFMD;HFMD可引起消化系统、呼吸系统、循环系统、神经系统等多器官损害,重症患儿以神经系统损害为主;HFMD病原呈现多样性,以EV71和CoxA16为主,重患多数为EV71感染.     

Healthy aging impairs face discrimination ability

Face images enable individual identities to be discriminated from one another. We aimed to quantify age-related changes in different aspects of face identity discrimination. Face discrimination sensitivity was measured with a memory-free “odd-one-out” task. Five age groups (N = 15) of healthy adults with normal vision were tested: 20, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and 80-89. Sensitivity was measured for full-face images (all features visible), external features (head-shape, hairline), internal features (nose, mouth, eyes, and eyebrows) and closed-contour shapes (control object). Sensitivity to full-faces continuously declined by approximately 13% per decade, after 50 years of age. When age-related differences in visual acuity were controlled, the effect of age on face discrimination sensitivity remained. Sensitivity to face features also deteriorated with age. Although the effect for external features was similar to full-faces, the rate of decline was considerably steeper (approximately 3.7 times) for internal, relative to external, features. In contrast, there was no effect of age on sensitivity to shapes. All age groups demonstrated the same overall pattern of sensitivity to different types of face information. Healthy aging was associated with a continuous decline in sensitivity to both full-faces and face features, although encoding of internal features was disproportionately impaired. This age-related deficit was independent of differences in low-level vision. That sensitivity to shapes was unaffected by age suggests these results cannot be explained by general cognitive decline or lower-level visual deficits. Instead, healthy aging is associated with a specific decline in the mechanisms that underlie face discrimination.     

常德市2006～2012年甲乙类传染病疫情分析

目的掌握常德市甲乙类传染病流行特征,为制定传染病预防控制策略和措施提供依据。方法收集2006。2012年甲乙类传染病资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析研究。结果2006～2012年共报告22种甲乙类传染病81924例,年平均发病率为204．55／10万。肠道传染病和呼吸道传染病总体上呈现下降态势,自然疫源及虫媒传染病呈现高度散发状态,血源及性传播传染病呈逐年上升态势。年平均发病率居前七位的传染病分别是肺结核、乙肝、梅毒、痢疾、肝炎（未分型）、淋病。职业分布以农民为主,年龄分布以成人为主。结论常德市传染病谱正在发生变化,应根据该变化特点和人群分布特征,在抓好分类管理的同时,突出以农民为重点人群,以肺结核、病毒性肝炎、梅毒、痢疾、淋病等为代表的多发传染病的防治工作,特别要注意落实行为干预措施,遏制血源及性传播传染病的上升势头。     

献血员HBV携带状况的筛检方法研究

将应用常规RPHA法检查HBsAg阴性的1074份献血员血清再用ELISA和SPRIA法检测。其中又查出HBsAg、HBeAg和抗-HBc-IgM标志,其阳性率分别达5.96％,2.14％和3.35％,HBV携带率竟高达9.68％。说明用常规RPHA法筛选出的HBsAg阴性献血员仍有传播乙型肝炎的危险。用ELISA法并联检测HBsAg和抗-HBc-IgM,在RPHA法检查HBsAg阴性的献血员中、其阳性率为8.29％,敏感度达85.58％,因而这种并联筛检方法可成为一种切实可行的筛检方法。     

时间护理联合健康宣教对高龄糖尿病患者临床疗效的影响

目的：观察时间护理联合健康宣教对高龄糖尿病患者临床疗效的影响。方法：将200例高龄糖尿病患者随机分为两组,对照组采用常规的护理模式,干预组采用时间护理联合健康宣教的护理模式。两组均测试治疗前后血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平,观察两组患者疗效。结果：两组患者的血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平均显著下降,干预组下降幅度更为明显,血糖达标率也更高;两组患者的不良行为均明显减少,且干预组改善的更为明显。结论：对高龄糖尿病患者时间护理联合健康宣教比常规护理的临床疗效好。     

武汉市社区卫生服务发展概述

本文对武汉市近年来大力发展社区卫生服务工作所取得的成绩和经验进行了总结,对存在的问题进行了分析,对下一步社区卫生服务的发展提出了建议。     

兰州城区孕妇碘营养状况分析

目的：调查兰州城区孕妇碘营养状况,为这一地区孕妇科学补碘提供依据。方法随机选择2014年6月至2016年2月自愿在甘肃省妇幼保健院进行围产保健,并长期居住在兰州市城区的孕妇1127例,测定其空腹尿碘水平,并且分析尿碘水平是否受孕妇年龄、孕期及孕妇孕前体重指数的影响。结果兰州城区孕妇缺碘情况严重,缺碘率达70．19％。不同年龄孕妇的轻度碘缺乏率、碘充足率以及碘超足量率之间比较没有统计学差异（χ2值分别为1．05、0．69、3．93,均P＞0．05）。不同孕期孕妇的轻度碘缺乏率、碘充足率以及碘超足量率之间比较无统计学差异（χ2值分别为0．18、0．43、1．08,均P＞0．05）。不同孕前体重指数孕妇的轻度碘缺乏率、碘充足率以及碘超足量率之间比较无统计学差异（χ2值分别为1．89、0．57、7．93,均P＞0．05）。结论应当加强这一地区孕妇的碘营养状况监测及科学补碘,以提高人口质量。