某军队医院军地人均住院费用分析

目的通过对军地人员人均住院费用多层次对比分析,寻求军地人员住院费用内在规律,促进军队医疗保障制度改革进一步深化。方法对2002/2008年军地住院人员的住院费用信息,应用Excel和SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果①军队保障的总体人员与地方人员在人均住院总费、人均住院药品费中差异无统计学意义,人均住院检查检验费、日均住院费差异有统计学意义。②军队保障内军人与地方人员在人均住院总费、人均住院药品费、日均住院费中差异无统计学意义,人均住院检查检验费差异有统计学意义。③军队保障内非军人（职工和家属）与地方人员在人均住院总费、人均住院药品费、日均住院费中差异有统计学意义,人均住院检查检验费差异无统计学意义。④军队保障内军人与非军人在人均住院总费、人均住院药品费、人均住院检查检验费、日均住院费中差异均有统计学意义。结论①军队人员人均住院费用增加明显,军地＂同病同治＂原则得到落实。②军队人员分类保障模式运行良好,重点保障目的基本实现。③军队人员就医和费用管理机制需要完善。     

普通大学生骑车运动中机体能量消耗和底物代谢的性别差异研究

目的:研究骑车运动过程中机体能量消耗和底物代谢特征的性别差异。方法:8名普通男大学生和10名普通女大学生分别以45、55、65、75%VO2max强度进行骑车运动,采用气体代谢法测定机体的能量代谢状况。结果:(1)在45、55、65、75%VO2max 4个强度,男生总能量消耗水平均高于女生。在65%VO2max强度,女生脂肪参与供能的比例为26.49%,高于男生的18.75%(P<0.05);在75%VO2max强度,女生脂肪参与供能的比例为16.46%,高于男生的10.24%(P<0.05)。在相同运动强度(45、55、65、75%VO2max),男生和女生每公斤体重脂肪的氧化量和供能量无显著差异。(2)男、女生以55%VO2max强度骑车脂肪的氧化量和供能量均高于45、65、75%VO2max三个强度。在55%VO2max强度,男生骑车时机体脂肪的氧化量和供能量分别为4.64mg/min/kg和41.75cal/min/kg,女生分别为4.26mg/min/kg和38.38cal/min/kg。结论:(1)在相同运动强度(%VO2max)下,女生脂肪供能比例高于男生;总能量消耗、糖供能比例和糖氧化量均低于男生;每公斤体重脂肪氧化量和供能量无性别差异。(2)促使单位时间内脂肪最大氧化量的骑车强度(%VO2max)无性别差异。     

安徽省卫生账户核算研究报告

中国卫生总费用核算小组借鉴国家级卫生总费用核算方法,参照经合组织提出的国际卫生账户核算分类标准,在安徽省进行试点研究和现场操作,建立省级卫生总费用核算体系。其目的是介绍与传播试点成果和经验,加强区域性卫生账户核算能力,适应各地区卫生改革与卫生发展的需要。     

世界银行—云南省妇幼卫生扶贫资金服务费用案例分析

对世界银行-妇幼卫生扶贫资金项目提供的特困高危孕产妇住院分娩服务的实际费用、费用的构成以及不同医疗卫生机构的服务费用等方面进行了较为深入的比较、分析。分析结果表明：（1）南华、南涧县特困高危孕产妇在不同医疗卫生机构住院分娩的例均费用相差较大,其补助比例相差也较大;（2）治疗费、针药费是构成2县特困高危孕产妇住院分娩服务费用的主要分项费用,且不同医疗卫生机构的这两项费用占总费用的比例存在较大的差异;（3）两县特困高危孕产妇在县级卫生机构住院分娩需自付的费用无高于在乡（镇）卫生院住院分娩的费用。     

High Vegetable Fats Intake Is Associated with High Resting Energy Expenditure in Vegetarians

It has been demonstrated that a vegetarian diet may be effective in reducing body weight, however, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. We investigated whether there is a difference in resting energy expenditure between 26 vegetarians and 26 non-vegetarians and the correlation between some nutritional factors and inflammatory markers with resting energy expenditure. In this cross-sectional study, vegetarians and non-vegetarians were matched by age, body mass index and gender. All underwent instrumental examinations to assess the difference in body composition, nutrient intake and resting energy expenditure. Biochemical analyses and 12 different cytokines and growth factors were measured as an index of inflammatory state. A higher resting energy expenditure was found in vegetarians than in non-vegetarians (p = 0.008). Furthermore, a higher energy from diet, fibre, vegetable fats intake and interleukin-β (IL-1β) was found between the groups. In the univariate and multivariable analysis, resting energy expenditure was associated with vegetarian diet, free-fat mass and vegetable fats (p < 0.001; Slope in statistic (B) = 4.8; β = 0.42). After adjustment for cytokines, log₁₀ interleukin-10 (IL-10) still correlated with resting energy expenditure (p = 0.02). Resting energy expenditure was positively correlated with a specific component of the vegetarian’s diet, i.e., vegetable fats. Furthermore, we showed that IL-10 was positively associated with resting energy expenditure in this population.     

Diet-induced thermogenesis and respiratory quotient after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery: A prospective study

BackgroundStudies in humans and other animals have shown that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) leads to increased energy expenditure (EE). We analyzed several components of EE, such as the respiratory quotient (RQ), resting metabolic rate (RMR), and diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) among patients before and after RYGB.MethodsIn this prospective clinical study, RMR, DIT, and RQ were measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) in the same patients before and 12 months after RYGB (the preoperative and postoperative time points, respectively). Postprandial RQ and DIT were measured after patients consumed a standard ~270 kcal meal (62% carbohydrates, 12% proteins, and 26% lipids).ResultsThe population studied consisted of 13 patients (mean age 40.8±6.7 years, 85% female).At the postoperative (postop) time point, patients showed higher weight-adjusted RMR compared with the preoperative (preop) time point (P<.01). The absolute and weight-adjusted metabolic rates 20 minutes after the meal were increased postoperatively (P<.0001) but not preoperatively (P = 0.2962) (DIT); this increase in RQ was significantly higher in the postop than in the preop time point.ConclusionThe observed patients showed increased EE, DIT, and RQ after RYGB surgery. These data may serve as important physiologic factors contributing to the loss and maintenance of weight after RYGB.     

Safety assessment of intraparenchymal central nervous system biopsies: Single institution healthcare value review

The study objective was to evaluate a single institution experience with adult stereotactic intracranial biopsies and review any projected cost savings as a result of bypassing intensive care unit (ICU) admission and limited routine head computed tomography (CT). The authors retrospectively reviewed all stereotactic intracranial biopsies performed at a single institution between February 2012 and March 2019. Primary data collection included ICU length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, ICU interventions, need for reoperation, and CT use. Secondarily, location of lesion, postoperative hematoma, neurological deficit, pathology, and preoperative coagulopathy data were collected. There were 97 biopsy cases (63% male). Average age, ICU LOS, and total hospital stay were 58.9 years (range; 21–92 years), 2.3 days (range; 0–40 days), and 8.8 days (range 1–115 days), respectively. Seventy-five (75 of 97) patients received a postoperative head CT. No patients required medical or surgical intervention for complications related to biopsy. Eight patients required transfer from the ward to the ICU (none directly related to biopsy). Nine patients transferred directly to the ward postoperatively (none required transfer to ICU). Of the patients who did not receive CT or went directly to the ward, none had extended LOS or required transfer to ICU for neurosurgical concerns. Eliminating routine head CT and ICU admission translates to approximately $584,971 in direct cost savings in 89 cases without a postoperative ICU requirement. These practice changes would save patients’ significant hospitalization costs, decrease healthcare expenditures, and allow for more appropriate hospital resource use.