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21.
A previous limited study demonstrated that Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with a mutation at amino-acid position 315 of katG (Delta315) exhibited high-level resistance to isoniazid and were more frequently resistant to streptomycin. In the present study, isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates from 8,332 patients in The Netherlands (1993-2002) were screened for the Delta315 mutation. Isoniazid resistance was found in 592 (7%) isolates, of which 323 (55%) carried Delta315. IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that Delta315 isolates occurred in clusters, suggesting recent transmission, at the same frequency as isoniazid-susceptible isolates. In contrast, other isoniazid-resistant isolates clustered significantly less frequently. Delta315 isolates were high-level isoniazid-resistant, streptomycin-resistant and multidrug-resistant significantly more often, and may have a greater impact on public health, than other isoniazid-resistant isolates.  相似文献   
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抑癌基因PTEN与食管癌   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
PTEN是近年发现的一种与细胞信号传导途径有关的具有双特异性磷酸酶活性的新型抑癌基因。研究表明,该基因的突变与人类多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。近年来国内外的学者在食管癌组织中发现,虽然该基因发生突变的频率较低,但其蛋白表达却普遍下降,表达程度与食管癌的恶性程度及预后密切相关。因此,PTEN的低表达可能参与了食管癌的发生发展过程。  相似文献   
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 We report on a 58-year-old Caucasian woman who went to a general practitioner about recurrent abdominal pain, night sweats and weight loss of a few weeks’ duration. Once gynaecological disease had been ruled out, the patient was admitted to hospital with severe abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction and a right-sided hemicolectomy was performed. Following the investigation of osteolytic lumbar vertebrae, 18 months after visiting the general practitioner the patient was finally found to be suffering from generalized AA-amyloidosis secondary to gastrointestinal tuberculosis. This had been misinterpreted as Crohn’s disease. Re-examination of the specimens from the right-sided hemicolectomy demonstrated that scanty deposits of AA-amyloid were present 9 months after the first presentation. AA-amyloid can thus be present in serious inflammatory disease even during the first 9 months after the initial clinical presentation. Received: 23 June 1998 / Accepted: 19 August 1998  相似文献   
26.
目的:通过对食管和贲门癌原发病灶和淋巴结转移病灶肿瘤抑制基因p53变化规律的研究,加深对食管和贲门癌转移发生的分子学基础的了解。方法:采用组织病理学和免疫组织化学(ABC)方法,对31例手术切除的食管和贲门癌原发病灶和转移病灶肿瘤抑制基因p53蛋白聚集进行比较研究。结果:31例手术标本中,病理检查发现24例食管鳞状细胞癌,7例为贲门腺癌。研究表明:24例食管原发和转移鳞癌中,11例原发和转移病灶中均出现p53蛋白聚集的变化,原发和转移病灶的一致性变化发生率为61%(11/18);在6例原发病灶p53免疫组化阴性患者中,其淋巴结转移病灶也同时出现免疫阴性反应。在7例胃贲门腺癌中,3例原发和转移病灶同时出现p53免疫阳性表达的一致率为50%(3/6);1例原发病灶p53免疫组化阴性患者,其淋巴结转移病灶也出现阴性反应。结论:肿瘤抑制基因p53在食管和贲门癌癌变和转移中起一定的作用。可能是食管和贲门癌侵袭与转移过程中值得重视的生物学指标之一。  相似文献   
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Summary Immunotherapy using bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has gained increasing acceptance in the management of superficial bladder cancer. Systemic reactions after intravesical instillation of BCG are rare. However, when the therapy is complicated, the lung often becomes involved. Since the pathogenesis of lung infiltrates after immunotherapy is unknown, we report on a patient who developed a lung infiltrate after receiving BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer. The infectious etiology was established by culture confirmation of a BCG strain in the broncheoalveolar lavage fluid.Abbreviation BCG bacille Calmette-Guérin  相似文献   
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目的 在肌肉等效体模及Beagle犬颈段食管中测定ZRL—Ⅱ型食管腔内加热辐射器的温度分布,探讨其热场分布能否满足食管癌加热治疗的临床需要。方法 ①在肌肉等效体模中测定ZRL—Ⅱ型食管腔内射频加热辐射器的温度分布,②Beagle犬用氯胺酮麻醉、固定。将腔内加热辐射器插入食管腔内,加热45min后分层解剖犬的颈部,同时测量食管外壁、气管、食管周围软组织中的温度。结果 ①在肌肉等效体模中距离导管囊表面1cm的环形体内的温度在43.2℃~43.6℃之间;在距离导管囊表面2cm的环形体内的温度在42.6℃~43.3℃之间,在距离导管囊表面3cm的环形体内的温度在42.6℃~42.8℃之间。②测得Beagle犬颈段食管腔内和外壁的温度为43.5℃,气管内为38.0℃,主动脉旁38.0℃,距食管外壁1cm处的软组织温度为40-3℃,距食管外壁2cm处的软组织温度为39.0℃,而颈部皮下的温度是37.5℃。结论 ①ZRL-Ⅱ型射频食管腔内加热辐射器的热场分布满足临床食管腔内加热的需要,②体模测定与活体动物测定,热场分布存在一定差异,需进一步研究。  相似文献   
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Diabetes mellitus is an important predisposing factor for tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying this association using a murine model. Mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus were prone to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, as indicated by increased numbers of live bacteria in lung, liver and spleen. In diabetic mice, the levels of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the lung, liver and spleen were lower than those in control animals on day 14 postinfection, while the opposite was true for IL-4 levels in the lung and liver. The expression pattern of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), in the two mice types was as for IL-12 and IFN-gamma. In addition, peritoneal exudate cells obtained from diabetic mice produced lower amounts of IL-12 and NO than those from control mice, when stimulated in vitro with M. bovis BCG. Spleen cells from diabetic mice infected with M. tuberculosis produced a significantly lower amount of IFN-gamma upon restimulation with purified protein derivatives (PPD) than those from infected nondiabetic mice. Interestingly, addition of high glucose levels (33 mM) to the cultures of PPD-restimulated spleen cells reduced the synthesis of IFN-gamma only in diabetic mice, and not in nondiabetic mice. Finally, control of blood glucose levels by insulin therapy resulted in improvement of the impaired host protection and Th1-related cytokine synthesis. Our results suggest that the reduced production of Th1-related cytokines and NO account for the hampered host defense against M. tuberculosis infection under diabetic conditions.  相似文献   
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