太湖微囊藻毒素对细胞染色体及DNA损伤效应

目的研究太湖蓝藻水华中提取的微囊藻毒素的遗传毒性，探讨其对人类健康的潜在危害。方法应用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳技术观察太湖蓝藻水华中微囊藻毒素引起的细胞染色体及DNA损伤效应。结果太湖蓝藻水华中提取的微囊藻毒素可明显增强小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞的微核率，并呈一定的剂量-反应关系；单细胞凝胶电泳技术显示可诱导中国仓鼠(V79)细胞DNA单链断裂，DNA断裂分级及细胞损伤率明显高于对照组。结论太湖蓝藻水华中提取的微囊藻毒素具有明显的遗传毒性，对人类健康存在潜在的远期危害。     

多肽ND100的抗肿瘤活性研究

目的　研究多肽ND100的抗肿瘤活性。方法　用液相法人工合成了抗肿瘤八肽ND100,分子量为 846 9。测定了ND100对 3种小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用,并研究了ND100对小鼠红细胞和白细胞数量的影响。结果　体内抑瘤试验表明,ND100对小鼠H22肝癌、小鼠Lewis肺癌和小鼠S180肉瘤的生长均有明显抑制作用,有效剂量为 2 5mg·kg-1,当使用高剂量时(15mg·kg-1 )时,对 3种小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制率达 0 70以上,且具有剂效关系。ND100对小鼠红细胞和白细胞的数量均无影响。结论　ND100具有明显的体内抗肿瘤活性。     

Efecto de la estrategia de promoción de salud escolar Forma Joven

Objective

To evaluate the impact of the Youth Form Strategy (EFJ, Estrategia Forma Joven) on the attitudes and behaviours of students in the fourth year of compulsory secondary school in Seville, Spain.

Bypassing proximal health care facilities for acute care: a survey of patients in a Ghanaian Accident and Emergency Centre

Objective To characterise the population that presents to the Accident and Emergency Centre (AEC) at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) and to identify risk factors associated with bypassing proximal care facilities. Methods A structured questionnaire was verbally administered to patients presenting to the AEC over 2 weeks. The questionnaire focused on the use of health care resources and characteristics of current illness or injury. Measures recorded include demographics, socioeconomic status, chief complaint, transportation and mobility, reasons for choosing KATH and health care service utilisation and cost. Results The total rate of bypassing proximal care was 33.9%. On multivariate analysis, factors positively associated with bypassing included age older than 38 years (OR: 2.18, P 0.04) and prior visits to facility (OR 2.88, P 0.01). Bypassers were less likely to be insured (OR 0.31, P 0.01), to be seeking care due to injury (OR 0.42, P 0.03) and to have previously sought care for the problem (OR 0.10, P < 0.001). Conclusions Patients who bypass facilities near them to seek care at an urban AEC in Ghana do so for a combination of reasons including familiarity with the facility, chief complaint and insurance status. Understanding bypassing behaviour is important for guiding health care utilisation policy decisions and streamlining cost‐effective, appropriate access to care for all patients.