Selective disbalances of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in human CD3γ deficiency

The selection of T lymphocytes in the thymus and their activation upon the encounter with foreign antigens in the periphery require the aggregation and signals of the Tcell receptor (TcR)/CD3 complex and several surface molecules termed coreceptors (notably CD4 or CD8 and CD45). The spatial arrangement and interactions of the different molecules in the resulting multimolecular recognition structure are mostly unknown. Here we report, from studies on a healthy human CD3γ deficiency, that the lack of the CD3γ component of the TcR/CD3 complex is associated with a long-term severe defect of peripheral blood CD4⁺CD45RA⁺ and CD8+ lymphocytes, whereas CD4⁺CD45RO⁺, B and natural killer lymphocytes are unaffected. These results suggest that the CD3y site of the TcR/CD3 complex is required for the peripheral representation of certain Tcell types.     

SARS患者危险因素的Meta分析

目的 分析SARS患者危险因素，为预防控制SARS疫情和治疗SARS患者提供参考依据。方法 检索与SARS危险因素和死亡分析的相关文献；根据文献中的原始数据，对各文献危险因素计算比值比(OR)和95％a；对计量资料，合并和计算标准差平方、标准误、方差齐性检验，进行t检验。汇集综合各检索文献报告，对危险因素进行Meta分析。结果 并发症、基础疾病、患者年龄≥50岁、男性、淋巴细胞亚群CD8 、CD3 、CD4 计数下降是SARS感染死亡的危险因素。结论 SARS感染会严重削弱机体免疫功能，在年老且伴有慢性疾病人群中表现尤为突出，多数合并严重感染可能与机体细胞免疫功能受损有关。     

颌内动脉-大脑中动脉移植吻合解剖学研究

目的研究颌内动脉第二段与大脑中动脉第二段(M2)近端之间移植搭桥术的方法.方法 10个灌注好的尸头,共20侧.行额颞瓣开颅,游离颞浅动脉主干及其两个分枝,测量其外径;于颧弓下、下颌切迹上、颞下窝内,游离颌内动脉第二段,把其远端离断并测量其长度和外周直径作为吻合口的近端;然后打开侧裂池,分离出M2分枝的近端并予以测量其外周直径,作为吻合口的远端;用4.0 mm的磨钻在颅中窝底圆孔外3.0～4.0 cm处磨出一骨孔,再测量颌内动脉断端经骨孔到M2近端的距离;最后以颈部胸锁乳突肌前为切口,游离出颈总动脉、颈外动脉和颈内动脉,分别测量分叉部颈外动脉和颈内动脉的外周直径和经耳前皮下到M2近端的距离.结果颌内动脉第二段断端的直径(2.5±0.3)mm,大于颞浅动脉分叉部的直径(1.6±0.3)mm;颞下窝内颌内动脉第二段的长度(断端到下颌支)为:( 17.8±0.3) mm;颈外动脉起始段到M2起始段距离(162.4±1.8)mm,颈内动脉起始段到M2起始段距离(171.1±1.7)mm,颌内动脉断端到M2起始段的距离(62.6±1.4)mm,较上述两者行程短,而且直.结论颌内动脉第二段与大脑中动脉M2近段之间移植搭桥术是一种可选择的颅外-颅内血管移植搭桥术方法.     

不同灌洗液对经尿道前列腺等离子体双极电切术病人血糖、电解质的影响

目的 :观察经尿道前列腺等离子体双极电切 (PKRP)术中 5 %葡萄糖与 0 .9%生理盐水作为灌洗液对病人血糖、电解质的影响。方法 :5 8例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,术前无糖尿病 ,肝、肾功能无异常患者。 5 %葡萄糖组 (组Ⅰ ) 2 9例 ;0 .9%生理盐水组 (组Ⅱ ) 2 9例。手术均采用英国佳乐等离子体双极电切系统。结果 :组Ⅰ手术 30、6 0min及术后 6 0min血糖均较术前明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,且手术 6 0min较 30min亦明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。手术 6 0min及术后 6 0min血钠明显低于基础值 (P <0 .0 1)。血氯无显著性差异。术后 6 0min血钾明显低于基础值 (P <0 .0 5 )。组Ⅱ术中及术后血糖 ,血钾、钠、氯变化无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :经尿道前列腺等离子体双极电切术 ,灌洗液选用 0 .9%生理盐水是安全可行的 ,较 5 %葡萄糖注射液更有利于机体内环境的稳定和组织代谢。     

Metabotropic receptors for ATP and UTP: exploring the correspondence between native and recombinant nucleotide receptors

In the past five years, an extended series (P2Y_1−n) of metabotropic nucleotide (P2) receptors has been cloned from vertebrate tissues; these receptors are activated by either ATP or UTP, or both nucleotides. While certain cloned P2Y receptors appear to correspond functionally to particular native P2 receptor phenotypes, such pharmacological phenotypes could be explained by either a combination of several members of the P2Y_1−n series being coexpressed in the same tissue or the existence of novel, uncloned P2Y subtypes. Here, Brian King, Andrea Townsend-Nicholson and Geoffrey Burnstock review recent findings on the matter of pharmacological relationships between native P2 and cloned P2Y receptors.     

Aspirin or Coumadin as the Drug of Choice for Valve Replacement with Porcine Bioprosthesis

Eight hundred twenty-four patients who had cardiac valve replacement with a porcine bioprosthesis were given either Coumadin (sodium warfarin) or aspirin. No patient in sinus rhythm no matter what valve or valves were replaced had thromboembolism whether treated with Coumadin (124 patients) or aspirin (260 patients). One hundred fifty-one patients who had mitral valve replacement, were in atrial fibrillation, and were treated with Coumadin had seven embolic events (4.6%), while 135 similar patients treated with aspirin had five embolic events (3.7%). Fifty-one patients who had double-valve replacement, were in atrial fibrillation, and were treated with Coumadin had three embolic episodes (5.9%), while 86 similar patients treated with aspirin had three embolic events (3.5%).No statistical difference was found in the incidence of thromboembolism between similar groups of patients whether treated with Coumadin or aspirin (p > 0.05). Hemorrhagic complications were higher and reached statistical significance (p < 0.001) for the group treated with Coumadin. This study shows that aspirin prevents thromboembolic complications as well as Coumadin in patients having cardiac valve replacement with a bioprosthesis, and results in a lower rate of complications.     

Massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Data on 369 surgically treated patients

An analysis of 369 patients operated on for massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding is presented. Gastroscopy was performed in all patients. Duodenal ulcer remains the most common cause of such bleeding (45.4 percent of cases). The type of treatment that should be used is the most controversial in patients with bleeding esophageal varices. It is concluded that the procedure that corrects the patient's primary disease is also the most suitable one for treating massive bleeding.     

Translocation (11;14) in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders

A number of chromosomes other than chromosome No. 8 participate in formation of the 14q+ marker in lymphoproliferative disorders. Among them is chromosome No. 11 which appears to be important because its break points are constant; it is also possibly significant because of its participation in cytogenetic alterations in B-cell disorders.     

Effects of intraventricular curarimimetics on hippocampal electrical activity

The effects on the hippocampal electroencephalogram (EEG) of intraventricular injections of the nicotinic ligand α-Naja naja toxin, and of d-tubocurarine, were studies in rats immobilized with gallamine or anesthetized with urethane. The EEG recordings were taped and processed off-line to calculate power spectra, autocorrelation functions, and averages. In addition, the times at which spike-and-wave complexes appeared were identified and autocorrelation histograms and cross correlations (with the EEG) were made. Naja toxin and d-tubocurarine provoked a 3.5- to 5-Hz theta rhythm in both hippocampi. Higher doses elicited rhythmic epileptic spike and wave complexes which appeared at a preferred phase of theta rhythm. Atropine and medial septal lesions blocked the rhythm and disrupted the rhythmicity of epileptiform activity. We conclude that different neural subsystems sustain the theta rhythm and epileptiform spikes, and discuss the possible mechanisms involved.     

通腑泻热方治疗腹部外科疾病并发全身炎症反应综合征的临床观察

目的观察中药通腑泻热方治疗腹部外科疾病并发全身炎症反应综合征的效果.方法在常规腹部外科手术及术后处理、抗生素应用治疗的基础上,给予中药通腑泻热方治疗本病46例,与常规治疗的43例作对照观察.结果与对照组比较,治疗组并发症发生率明显降低（P＜0.01）,其中多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）发生率及病死率呈下降趋势;治疗后血浆内毒素、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8均显著降低（P＜0.01）,IL-2明显升高（P＜0.01）.结论通腑泻热方能降低腹部外科疾病并发全身炎症反应综合征患者血中内毒素及促炎细胞因子水平,能提高与机体免疫功能直接相关的细胞因子,具有免疫调理和遏制全身炎症反应作用,进而可防治MODS,降低病死率.