The no-reflow phenomenon is a post-mortem artifact

Summary Post-ischemic reperfusion impairment, (no-reflow phenomenon), was studied in rats subjected to 8–30 minutes of global brain ischemia. During ischemia, rapid and complete loss of cerebral blood flow, EEG and³¹P-high energy phosphates (ATP/PCr) was observed.Brain intravascular perfusion defects were examined by injecting carbon blackintravenously in a group of rats with stable cardiopulmonary function and in another group subjected to rapid thoracotomy andintraarterial infusion of the carbon marker. Results indicate that global brain ischemic or non-ischemic control rats givenintraarterial carbon black after thoracotomy had varying degrees of vessel filling defects in brain resulting in pale tissue areas suggestive of impaired perfusion (no-reflow). All rats given carbon blackintravenously whether global brain ischemic or not, showed normal cerebrovascular filling of the carbon black and absence of pale tissue areas. In addition, post-ischemic cerebral reperfusion following 8–30 minutes global brain ischemia can reverse neuroelectric, energy metabolite and cerebral blood flow loss in rats whose cardiopulmonary function is not compromised.These findings indicate that the no-reflow phenomenon is an agonal or post-mortem artifact observed in the presence of cardiopulmonary failure.     

Photodynamic therapy in the bladder: Can the light dose be easily quantified?

The shape of the bladder and the optical characteristics of the tissue within the wall can be shown to play an important role in the amount of light actually received at the wall. The use of estimated doses even assuming spherical geometry, cannot therefore be relied upon. This paper describes some experimental work carried out on a glass model that was used to simulate the bladder. A specially constructed dual detector was used which consisted of an isotropic probe and semiconductor detector. This enabled measurements of irradiance and space irradiance (light energy fluence rate) to be made simultaneously. By changing the optical characteristics of the wall a four-fold increase in space irradiance was measured. Contamination of the water contained within the model by blood was also investigated and has shown that with concentrations as low as 0.5% the delivered light dose reaching the wall can be reduced by up to 50% at a wavelength of 510 nm. Some in vivo measurements are also presented together with some comments on the difficulties that have been encountered when transferring measurements from the model to the patient.     

褪黑素与能量代谢

本文从季节性动物体重的改变这一自然现象与光照周期的改变之间的关系，讨论了褪黑素调节能量代谢的可能机制及其与人类肥胖的相关性。     

The relationship between dietary fat intake and risk of colorectal cancer: evidence from the combined analysis of 13 case-control studies

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the intakeof dietary fat upon colorectal cancer risk in a combined analysis of datafrom 13 case-control studies previously conducted in populations withdiffering colorectal cancer rates and dietary practices. Original datarecords for 5,287 cases of colorectal cancer and 10,470 controls werecombined. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR)for intakes of total energy, total fat and its components, and cholesterol.Positive associations with energy intake were observed for 11 of the 13studies. However, there was little, if any, evidence of anyenergy-independent effect of either total fat with ORs of 1.00, 0.95, 1.01,1.02, and 0.92 for quintiles of residuals of total fat intake (P trend =0.67) or for saturated fat with ORs of 1.00, 1.08, 1.06, 1.21, and 1.06 (Ptrend = 0.39). The analysis suggests that, among these case-control studies,there is no energy-independent association between dietary fat intake andrisk of colorectal cancer. It also suggests that simple substitution of fatby other sources of calories is unlikely to reduce meaningfully the risk ofcolorectal cancer.     

复方蚁酒的抗炎补肾阳作用研究

复方蚁酒能明显抑制二甲苯、琼脂引起的小鼠耳、足肿胀、抑制蛋清引起的大鼠足肿胀和佐剂性关节炎，并能对抗氢化考的松引起的肾阳虚症，同时还具有增强免疫功能的作用。     

三七皂甙对脑组织血液供应和能量代谢的影响

目的研究三七皂甙（ＰＮＳ）对脑组织血液供应和能量代谢的影响。方法采用激光多普勒流量仪动态监测软脑膜微循环的变化以及反相高效液相法测定脑组织中高能磷酸化合物的含量。结果ＰＮＳ２５、５０ｍｇｋｇ－１ｉｖ明显扩张麻醉小鼠软脑膜微血管，增加局部血流量，加快血流速度；但对结扎双侧颈总动脉引起的脑血流量的减少没有作用。ＰＮＳ（５０、１００ｍｇｋｇ－１ｉｐ，×３ｄ）明显延缓缺血组织ＡＴＰ的分解，改善能量负荷。结论ＰＮＳ可通过增加组织血液供应改善能量代谢，从而保护脑组织。     

睡安口服液对小鼠镇静作用研究

目的:研究睡安口服液对小鼠的镇静作用。方法:通过抖笼换能器法,设置睡安口服液组与对照组,以活动曲线研究睡安口服液对Wistar种系小鼠的镇静作用。结果:对照组在给药前后有大波、中波出现,睡安口服液组可使小鼠活动明显减少,灌胃后20min大波完全消失,中波大部分消失,小波也减少。结论:说明该制剂镇静作用显著。     

高频能量对心肌缺血预适应的检测价值

目的探讨缺血预适应(PC)心电高频能量的变化规律和缺血预适应的机制。方法应用家兔缺血预适应模型和急性心肌梗死模型分析不同时间点心电QRS波三维频谱的高频能量变化特征。结果Ⅰ组(PC)梗塞面积显著小于Ⅱ组(AMI组)(P<0.05),心电高频能量呈动态的变化过程,Ⅰ组(PC)W值在各点均低于Ⅱ组(AMI组)(P<0.05)且上升时间晚,上升幅度小。结论缺血预适应降低心肌能量消耗,使心肌在低能量水平维持较低的能量代谢水平,反映在心电高频能量上W值在低值变化,且变化剧烈程度降低,这也许是PC保护机制之一。     

浙江省台州中学学生膳食营养调查

目的:为了正确了解中学生的营养状况,从而指导学生科学用膳,促进学生健康,提高学习质量.方法:以浙江台州中学学生为对象,进行一周的营养膳食调查.结果:经过计算、分析、比较,认为该校学生的蛋白质、热能、钙、维生素A等营养素摄入量不足,且热能来源比例不合理,有待合理调整和安排日常膳食.