Inhibitory activity of polysaccharide extracts from three kinds of edible fungi on proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cell and mouse implanted S180 tumor

lNTRODUCTlONThepolysaccharidesfromediblefungi(e.g.LE[1],FV[z's])weremacromolecularsubstanceswithstrongantigenicityandwerealsoverifiedtohaveantitumoractivityagainstS-l80implantedtumorinmiceinvivoandthatfromABwereshowntohaveantiinfectionofvirusandanticancerationinvivo.Thereferencesabouttheeffects0fp0lysaccharideextractsfromediblefungioncancercellsinvitr0wereverylimited.InthisreporthumanhepatomaSMMC-772lcellswereusedasamodelt0detecttheanticanceractivityofpolysaccharideextractsfromthethree…     

Evaluation of fatty acid profile in seed and oil of Manjari Medika,a novel Indian grape cultivar and its comparison with Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc

The study investigated the profile of fatty acids (FA) in grape seed (GS) and grape seed oil (GSO) of a newly developed teinturier grape variety, named Manjari Medika (MM). FAs were identified and quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection. The identification of FAs was further confirmed using a GC with mass selective detector (GC-MS). The profiles of MM-GS and MM-GSO were compared with the corresponding products of two established varieties, viz. Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) and Sauvignon Blanc (SB). The unique FA profile of MM was differentiated from CS and SB through multivariate statistical analysis and pattern recognition of selective FAs. MM-GSO was found to be superior to SB-GSO and equivalent to CS-GSO in terms of FA profile. The presence of unsaturated FAs at a higher level and a favourable ratio of essential FAs (omega-6: omega-3) indicated the potential health benefits of MM- GS and GSO. The FA levels in MM-GSO were within or above the Codex standards for edible oil. The typical FA profile uniquely differentiated these three varieties of seeds and corresponding oils. The results formed the basis of a future endeavor in establishing their varietal authenticity.     

食用油过氧化脂质变化及对小鼠机体的影响

研究在不同温度、光照等贮存条件下猪油、色拉油中过氧化脂质（ｌｉｐｉｄｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅｓ，ＬＰＯ）的变化规律，并初步探讨了不同贮存条件的食用油灌小鼠胃，对其机体产生的影响。结果表明：（１）食用油的ＬＰＯ：两种食用油的ＬＰＯ均随时间、温度及光照的增加而升高，其中猪油主要受温度影响，而色拉油受温度和光照共同影响。（２）小鼠肝、脑的ＬＰＯ：除猪油避光组外，实验组与对照组均有显著性差异，且各实验组之间也有不同程度的差异。     

成都市成华区2008～2011年居民食用盐碘监测结果分析

目的及时掌握成都市成华区居民食用碘盐的情况,为碘缺乏病的防治干预提供依据。方法根据《全国防治碘缺乏病监测方案(试行)》和《四川省碘盐监测实施方案》对居民食用碘盐进行监测。结果 2008～2011年共检测盐样1152份,检出合格碘盐1077份,非碘盐26份,不合格碘盐55份;碘盐覆盖率为97.74%,碘盐合格率为95.65%,合格碘盐食用率为93.49%。结论 2008～2011年全区碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率均达到国家标准。     

“药食同源”药材及其有效成分对阿尔茨海默病的作用及机制的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种老年时期比较常见的中枢神经系统退行性病变,以记忆障碍和行为改变等为主要的临床表现。现代研究发现,很多“药食同源”药材具有抗氧化、抗衰老等作用。另外,“药食同源”药材具有天然的安全性,在预防保健方面有显著的作用。以2021年中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会公布的110种“药食同源”药材为研究对象。通过中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed等数据库检索分析近5年的国内外文献,对目前“药食同源”药材及其有效成分对阿尔茨海默病的作用及机制进行归纳总结,结果发现有人参、姜黄、黄芪、山茱萸、天麻、当归、肉苁蓉、西红花、甘草、灵芝等共30多味中药材及其有效成分对预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病有作用,从中筛选出符合条件的10味进行总结归纳。对阿尔茨海默病有效果的“药食同源”药材及其有效成分可以通过核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、丝裂原激活蛋白激酶5(MEK5)/细胞外信号调节激酶5(ERK5)、细胞色素C(CytC)及胱天蛋白酶（Caspase）-3/（Caspase）-9、Wnt/β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）/酪氨酸激酶受体B(TrkB)/磷脂酰肌...     

地沟油鉴别检测指标的研究进展

综述目前鉴别检验地沟油的常见检测指标。对地沟油和正常食用油常规检测指标和特异性检测指标进行分析。常规检验指标能区分油脂优劣,可以作为判断是否为地沟油的辅助性指标,特异性指标是今后鉴别地沟油的重点。寻找出能判断地沟油的特异性指标并建立检验方法,为执法部门提供可靠的检验依据,防止地沟油回流餐桌。     

不同食用油对大鼠机体脂类与过氧化脂类含量的影响

本文报告了茶油、菜油、色拉油、豆油和猪油对大鼠机体脂类水平和脂类过氧化作用的影响及两者的相关关系。结果表明:茶油和豆油有良好的阻止血脂升高的作用。血浆卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶的活性在4种植物油组相近(80.26～94.03nmol/ml.h),猪油组最低(57.07nmol/ml.h)。饲猪油者肝及主动脉中脂类含量偏高。血清及心、肝、肾组织中过氧化脂类(LPO)含量以猪油组最高,茶油组较低。此外,豆油有升高组织中LPO含量的作用,而菜油和色拉油相反。实验后,饲以富含单不饱和脂肪酸油脂者,其红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活力升高,饲豆油和猪油者降低。实验末大鼠血清及肝组织中LPO与脂类(TC、TG)含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),心,脑中此关系不明显。     

Edible Flowers as a Source of Dietary Fibre (Total,Insoluble and Soluble) as a Potential Athlete’s Dietary Supplement

Edible flowers have been gaining popularity among researchers, nutritionists and chefs all around the world. Nowadays, flowers are used to make food look and/or taste better; however, they are also a very good source of valuable nutrients (antioxidants, vitamins, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, macro and microelements). The aim of our study was to determine the content of dietary fibre and total protein in selected edible flowers; we also compared the nutritional content of petals, differentiating between the representatives of the Oleaceae and Asteraceae families, as well as herbaceous vs. woody plants. The study material consisted of petals of 12 edible flower species (Magnolia × soulangeana, Sambucus nigra L., Syringa vulgaris L. (white and violet flowers), Robinia pseudoacacia, Forsythia × intermedia, Cichorium intybus L., Bellis perennis, Tussilago farfara L., Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wiggers coll., Centaurea cyanus L., Calendula officinalis). Dietary fibre content was determined by the enzymatic-gravimetric method and ranged from 13.22 (Magnolia × soulangeana) to 62.33 (Calendula officinalis L.) g/100 g. For insoluble dietary fibre (IDF), the values ranged from 8.69 (Magnolia × soulangeana) to 57.54 (Calendula officinalis L.) g/100 g, and the content of soluble dietary fibre (SDF) was between 1.35 (Syringa vulgaris L.-white flowers) and 7.46 (Centaurea cyanus L) g/100 g. Flowers were also shown to be a good, though underappreciated, source of plant protein, with content ranging from 8.70 (Calendula officinalis L.) to 21.61 (Magnolia × soulangeana) g/100 g dry matter (Kjeldahl method). Considerable amounts of protein were found in the flowers of the olive family (Oleaceae) and woody plants, which can enrich the daily diet, especially vegan and vegetarian. Edible flowers of the Asteraceae family, especially the herbaceous representatives, contained high levels of both total dietary fibre and its insoluble fraction; therefore, they can be a rich source of these nutrients in the daily diet of athletes, which would perform a prebiotic function for gut bacteria.     

海湾扇贝营养成分分析及评价

<正>海湾扇贝(Argopectens irradias),属瓣鳃纲,异柱目,扇贝科,扇贝属,是我国重要的经济品种之一[1],现年产量约8万吨,主要集中于山东和辽宁。它肉质鲜美可口,含有大量牛磺酸、EPA、DHA、胆碱、多糖等有药用价值的活性物质,     

药食用多孔菌活性多糖研究进展

药食兼用多孔菌（EMP）在亚洲和欧洲一直作为传统和民间医药被广泛应用于治疗各种疾病。多糖是其中重要的生物活性组分。过去十多年的大量研究已证明了多孔菌多糖（PPs）的多种生物活性和在医疗保健的巨大潜力。本文重点描述近5年对PPs生物活性、分离纯化、结构特征和构效关系研究,并指出今后研究方向。