地塞米松对大鼠 Walker 256乳腺癌骨转移癌痛的作用

目的：建立大鼠 Walker 256乳腺癌骨转移癌痛模型,观察地塞米松对骨转移癌疼痛痛阈的影响。方法制备 Walker 256乳腺癌细胞的大鼠腹腔积液瘤细胞,将其注射入大鼠胫骨,测量术前及术后机械刺痛阈和辐射热痛阈。结果接种 Walker 256乳腺癌大鼠术侧机械刺激痛觉和辐射热痛觉阈值显著降低,且病理学结果显示骨质受到肿瘤破坏,提示 Walker 256大鼠乳腺癌骨转移癌疼痛模型成功建立。地塞米松（5 mg／kg）能够显著提高骨转移癌疼痛模型刺痛痛阈。结论地塞米松能够缓解大鼠骨转移癌疼痛。     

知母提取物对地塞米松致大小鼠胃肠机能紊乱的影响

目的探讨知母提取物对地塞米松致大小鼠胃肠机能紊乱的影响。方法通过建立地塞米松诱发的大小鼠胃肠道机能紊乱动物模型,检测大鼠胃液量、胃液pH值、胃蛋白酶活力及胃壁结合黏液量和小鼠肠推进率及胃内色素残留率等指标考察知母提取物的药理作用。结果知母提取物能显著减轻地塞米松所致小鼠胃排空运动减缓,使给予地塞米松造模的大鼠胃液pH值显著增加,胃蛋白酶活力明显降低,胃壁结合黏液量也有明显增加趋势。结论知母提取物具有改善地塞米松致大小鼠胃肠机能紊乱的作用。     

来氟米特对类风湿关节炎患者Th17细胞免疫调节的影响

目的： 探讨来氟米特活性代谢产物A771726对类风湿关节炎（RA）患者外周血Th17细胞的影响及意义。方法： 取RA患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）,采用免疫磁珠法阴选出CD4⁺T辅助细胞（helper T cell, Th）,将CD4⁺T细胞分别与不同剂量的A771726（15、30、60 μg/ml）和地塞米松（10^-6、10^-7、10^-8mol/L）共培养48 h,流式细胞术（FCM）检测RA患者外周血Th17/Th百分比;应用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链技术(即RT-PCR)检测IL-17、ROR-γt mRNA水平。结果： 在体外,来氟米特对RA患者外周血CD4⁺ T细胞胞内IL-17、ROR-γt mRNA 表达无明显抑制作用,地塞米松可以使CD4⁺ T细胞胞内IL-17、ROR-γt mRNA 表达明显减少,随着药物浓度的增加抑制作用更加明显。来氟米特对Th17/Th无明显影响,地塞米松能降低Th17/Th细胞百分比。结论： 来氟米特对RA患者外周血Th17细胞无明显影响作用,而地塞米松则可显著降低Th17细胞在Th细胞中的比例。     

疮疡灵治疗乳腺癌放疗所致放射性皮炎临床研究

目的:观察疮疡灵治疗乳腺癌放疗所致放射性皮炎的临床疗效。方法:选取126例乳腺癌放疗患者作为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组,其中试验组给予疮疡灵防治放射性皮炎,对照组予以复方醋酸地塞米松软膏防治放射性皮炎,疗程结束后比较两组患者放射性皮炎的发生率及损伤程度,评价临床效果及生存质量。结果:试验组放射性皮炎的发生率明显低于对照组,且损伤程度较轻,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);试验组有效率为90.5%,对照组有效率为65.1%,且试验组患者生存质量明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:疮疡灵可降低乳腺癌放射性皮炎的发生率及严重程度,改善患者生存质量,临床疗效明显。     

甲泼尼龙联合地塞米松治疗中枢神经系统脱髓鞘临床疗效探讨

目的：分析甲泼尼龙冲击联合鞘内注射地塞米松(DXM)治疗中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的临床疗效。方法整群收集该院2012年5月—2014年2月期间诊治的86例中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病患者作为研究对象,随机分为试验组（44例）与对照组（42例）,对照组患者给予甲泼尼龙冲击治疗,试验组患者在对照组的基础上联合鞘内注射地塞米松治疗,观察患者的整体治疗效果、神经功能缺损程度改善情况、脑脊液(CSF)中蛋白含量及细胞学动态变化。结果试验组总体治疗效果明显优于对照组(P＜0.05),神经功能缺损程度改善情况明显优于对照组(P＜0.05),同时,试验组脑脊液细胞学检查免疫活性细胞及蛋白含量恢复正常时间明显短于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论甲泼尼龙冲击联合鞘内注射地塞米松(DXM)治疗中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病具有良好的临床疗效,能有效减轻患者的神经功能缺损,提高整体治疗效果,并缩短脊液细胞学检查免疫活性细胞及蛋白含量恢复正常时间。     

小剂量长托宁、地塞米松用于减轻剖宫产术中寒颤的临床观察

目的长托宁预防剖宫产术中寒颤的发生文献已有报道,本研究旨在观察麻醉前预注长托宁加地塞米松对剖宫产术中寒颤的预防有无优越性。方法60例择期在硬膜外麻醉下行剖宫产的产妇,ASAI～Ⅱ级,均无心、肺、脑及神经系统疾病,随机分为两组,每组产妇均为30例。术前I组静注长托宁0．5mg,Ⅱ组静注长托宁0．5mg和地塞米松10mg。入室后常规心电监护血压、心律,记录产妇寒颤发生情况。结果两组产妇围术期,I组有轻度寒颤15例,重度寒颤0例,发生率为50％,Ⅱ组有轻度寒颤3例,重度寒颤O例,发生率为10％。结论小剂量长托宁、地塞米松用于预防围术期寒颤优于单用小剂量长托宁。     

Monotropein Improves Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy via the AKT/mTOR/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of monotropein (MON) on improving dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy in mice and C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. The body weights, grip strengths, and muscle weights of mice were assessed. The histological change in the gastrocnemius tissues was also observed through H&E staining. The expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1), and muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin1) and the phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and FOXO3a in the muscle tissues of mice and C2C12 myotubes were analyzed using Western blotting. MON improved muscle atrophy in mice and C2C12 myotubes by regulating catabolic states via the AKT/mTOR/FOXO3a signaling pathways, and enhanced muscle function by the increases of muscle mass and strength in mice. This suggests that MON could be used for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy in patients.     

Proteasome inhibition in hematologic malignancies

Hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM), will account for more than 100,000 new cases of cancer and over 57,000 deaths in the United States in 2003. Treatment of MM is a serious challenge, because despite a variety of available therapies, median survival is short. A new therapeutic area focuses on inhibiting the activity of the proteasome, a 26S protease complex involved in cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, inflammation, and protein turnover. The novel proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib (Velcade®), was recently approved for use in patients with refractory and relapsed MM and to date is the only proteasome inhibitor to have entered clinical trials. Bortezomib has demonstrated activity with manageable toxicity in a variety of hematologic malignancies in addition to MM, including leukemia and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. This article reviews clinical information on bortezomib in hematologic malignancies both as monotherapy and in combination with dexamethasone. Preliminary reports of bortezomib in combination with Doxil (pegylated liposomal doxorubicin), melphalan, and thalidomide are discussed, and current trials are described. Available data suggest that bortezomib will be useful in the treatment of a variety of hematologic malignancies.     

姜辣素对顺铂致大鼠异嗜模型行为的作用

目的研究姜辣素对顺铂所致大鼠异嗜高岭土模型的影响并观察外周和中枢c-fos蛋白的表达。方法大鼠随机分成正常对照组、模型组、昂丹司琼+地塞米松组、阿瑞吡坦+地塞米松组、姜辣素组及姜辣素+地塞米松组,24 h及72 h记录各组摄食量及食高岭土量。免疫组化方法观察脑和回肠中c-fos蛋白的表达。结果 24 h内,姜辣素组、姜辣素+地塞米松组摄食量增加,啃食高岭土量减少,姜辣素组与姜辣素+地塞米松组相比摄食量增加(P<0.05);48～72h内,姜辣素组食高岭土量减少(P<0.05)。姜辣素组、姜辣素+地塞米松组c-fos阳性表达颗粒的灰度值明显高于模型组(P<0.05)。结论姜辣素可促进摄食并可抑制顺铂所致的大鼠异嗜高岭土行为,地塞米松对姜辣素无辅助作用。     

Release of Ciprofloxacin-HCl and Dexamethasone Phosphate by Hyaluronic Acid Containing Silicone Polymers

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the covalent incorporation of hyaluronic acid (HA) into conventional hydrogel and hydrogels containing silicone as models for contact lens materials on the uptake and release of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin and the anti-inflammatory steroid dexamethasone phosphate. A 3 mg/mL ciprofloxacin solution (0.3% w/v) and a 1 mg/mL dexamethasone phosphate solution (0.1%) was prepared in borate buffered saline. Three hydrogel material samples (pHEMA; pHEMA TRIS; DMAA TRIS) were prepared with and without the covalent incorporation of HA of molecular weight (MW) 35 or 132 kDa. Hydrogel discs were punched from a sheet of material with a uniform diameter of 5 mm. Uptake kinetics were evaluated at room temperature by soaking the discs for 24 h. Release kinetics were evaluated by placing the drug-loaded discs in saline at 34 °C in a shaking water bath. At various time points over 6–7 days, aliquots of the release medium were assayed for drug amounts. The majority of the materials tested released sufficient drug to be clinically relevant in an ophthalmic application, reaching desired concentrations for antibiotic or anti-inflammatory activity in solution. Overall, the silicone-based hydrogels (pHEMA TRIS and DMAA TRIS), released lower amounts of drug than the conventional pHEMA material (p < 0.001). Materials with HA MW132 released more ciprofloxacin compared to materials with HA MW35 and lenses without HA (p < 0.02). Some HA-based materials were still releasing the drug after 6 days.