Household Social Characteristics of the Demand for Alcoholic Beverages Among Spanish Students

This paper studies how household social capital affects adolescents’ demand for alcoholic drinks. To that end, we focus on a theoretical framework that combines elements from the Model of Rational Addiction and the Model of Social Economics. For the empirical framework, we use a simultaneous Type II Tobit model, with data drawn from the Spanish National Survey on Drug Use in the School Population (2000, 2002, and 2004). The sample is comprised of 12,627 students aged 17 years old. Our results confirm that parents’ decisions about drinking are even more decisive in their children's behavior than socioeconomic variables, such as parents’ educative levels or working status. Parental responsibilities go beyond the endowment of health and educational goods and services; so, these results suggest the importance of designing family-drug use prevention programs. The study's limitations are noted.     

江西省低保户参加新农合后医疗需求与利用的调查

目的：了解新型农村合作医疗制度对江西省低保户农民的医疗服务需求的变化及利用情况。方法：采用分层整群抽样，抽取婺源县、芦溪县和修水县低保农户375户，入户调查。结论：新型农村合作医疗制度实施后，慢性病影响低保户农民健康状况仍然比较突出，但对两周门诊医疗服务需求变化有所下降。新型农村合作医疗政策导向，有利于减轻农民经济负担。完全解决低保户农民因病致贫、因病返贫问题，可借鉴国外经验，开展健康卡制度，保障低保户农民基本医疗服务需求。建立农民养老保险制度，以政府出资和社会团体及个人捐赠相结合方式成立低保户救助基金，从根源上解决低保户农民健康问题和经济困难问题。     

农村肺结核患者结核知识传播来源和获得需求的调查

[目的]调查了解农村肺结核患者对肺结核知识的传播来源及获得需求。[方法]采用现况调查,对咸宁农村肺结核病患者的县、乡、村、性别、年龄、文化程度及“对于肺结核的有关知识你是通过什么途径得知的”和“对于肺结核的有关知识你认为最好的获得途径是什么”等进行调查。[结果]农村肺结核患者对肺结核知识的传播来源以电视、报刊、听医护人员讲、广播等占前4位,且不同的年龄及不同的文化程度之间差异有统计学意义。而肺结核知识的获得需求以电视、广播、图书手册、报刊等占前4位,且不同的年龄及不同的文化程度之间差异有统计学意义。[结论]农村肺结核知识常见的传播方式有多种,必须要了解肺结核患者对肺结核知识的传播需求情况,更好地有针对性地开展健康教育工作。     

忠县农村卫生服务需要与利用及卫生适宜技术推广的必要性

[目的]了解重庆市忠县农村居民的健康水平、卫生服务的需要和利用现状,为农村卫生适宜技术推广的必要性提供依据。[方法]采用现场调查研究,通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样,对忠县农村居民600户进行统一问卷调查。[结果]与全国农村平均水平相比,忠县农村居民的卫生服务呈现高需要量、低利用率、利用主要在基层医疗机构的特点。[结论]为了满足忠县农村居民的卫生服务需要,提高其对卫生服务的利用,该县应进一步健全医疗保障制度,在基层医疗卫生机构推广卫生适宜技术。     

卫生服务需求与发展社区卫生服务的关系研究

本文从分析卫生服务需求的经济学特点入手,对发展城市社区卫生服务过程中如何增强卫生服务消费者的信任、发挥地理优势、弥补卫生服务消费者的需求不足和完善医保政策提出相关建议.     

中医药传统知识法律保护的内在需求

从中医药知识自身属性、特点及其发展中存在的问题,多方面考察了中医药传统知识法律保护的内在需求。作者认为传统知识保护的内在需求不明确,是实现传统知识法律保护的主要障碍,且内在需求影响着对保护措施的选择;中医药传统知识的法律保护大多数可以通过知识产权保护得到实现,探讨中医药传统知识的法律保护,首先应考虑运用知识产权保护机制。     

濮阳市社区卫生服务网络实施效果评价

目的 对濮阳市社区卫生服务网络的实施效果进行评价，探讨适合经济欠发达地区中小城市的社区卫生服务网络模式。方法 选取濮阳市城乡居民8231人进行问卷调查，分析社区卫生服务网络实施前、后居民社区卫生服务需求率和满意度及慢性非传染性疾病患者的一般情况。结果 社区慢性非传染性疾病患病率为75．4％o。社区卫生服务网络实施前、后居民对社区卫生服务的需求卒、满意度、卫生知识掌握率、不良行为暴露率及高血压患者的行为改善率、正规服药率和血压控制达标率间差别均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论 建立适合本地特点的社区卫生服务网络模式有利于提高社区居民的健康保健知识和促进慢性病的管理。社区健康教育在社区卫生服务工作中占据着重要地位。     

中医临床医师研修需求的分析

对广东、福建、湖南、湖北等地的中医临床工作者随机发放问卷,对中医临床工作者的研修目的、认为最需要提高的方面、最理想的进修方法、跟师形式、学习时间安排等9个方面进行了调查,统计分析。提示我们应该根据中医临床医师的需求,采取院校教育与"师带徒"培养相结合的方式,在全面培训的基础上,侧重加强其基础理论知识的积累和临床应用能力的提高,从而更加有效地发挥继续教育的作用。     

Consumer health information: the role of breast cancer associations

Background. Providing information for patients is currently a growth need for health professionals, medical journals, and consumer associations. Despite several patients or consumers associations being active in Italy, scarce evidence is available on the volume and type of activities carried out. A national survey was carried out to investigate the volume and the nature of phone requests for information addressed to associations belonging to the Italian Forum of EUROPA DONNA, an European movement active in 28 countries, working to raise public awareness of breast cancer. Methods. A structured questionnaire was sent to all EUROPA DONNA breast cancer associations to be filled in by the persons in charge for delivering the telephone information. Results. Of the 87 breast cancer associations contacted, 41 (47%) participated to the survey, completing a total of 2383 questionnaires for 4251 kinds of information. Most of the people who called were women and about 57% were breast cancer patients. A wide range of information were required: 29% on prevention, 22% on practical problems of daily life, 23% on services actually offered by breast cancer associations, 10% on psychological counselling, and finally 14% for advice on primary therapy and follow-up. In more than one-third of phone calls, people were looking for opinion from women who personally experienced a breast cancer. Conclusion. This survey shows that breast cancer associations receive daily requests of information and convey a wide range of information. The findings underline the need to create meaningful partnership between health professionals and patient's associations in the complex field of information and communication.