广西部分少数民族地区农村传统医疗需求情况分析

目的：了解少数民族地区农村传统医疗的需求,探索新时期的发展思路。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样、现场入户询问调查等方法。结果：少数民族地区农村医疗需求在增长;传统医药医疗意向受性别、年龄、文化程度、医疗费用支付方式的影响;传统医药门诊需要量占总医疗需要的39.63%;门诊需求为需要的81.61%。结论：农村传统医药在民族地区仍具有不可低估的作用及地位,应继续拓展其农村服务市场,提升其服务能力。     

临床药师的认知度和需求情况调研

目的研究临床药师的认知度和需求情况。方法采用问卷调查的方法,分别对医务人员、患者、临床药学及药学本科生进行随机问卷调查,统计分析数据。结果共发出1300份问卷,其中针对医务人员的500份调查问卷,回收479份,回收率95．8％。调查显示68．82％医务人员认为很有必要听临床药师的意见,66．67％医护人员认为临床药师有必要加强药物经济学知识。针对患者的500份调查问卷,回收481份,回收率96．2％。调查显示56．84％患者主动向药师咨询相关用药问题。针对学生的300份问卷,回收291份,回收率97％。调查显示90．32％学生认为临床药师工作主要是血药浓度监测与指导临床用药,42％学生首选医院为就业对象。结论医务人员对临床药师的需求较迫切,主要在药物经济学指导方面;临床药师工作包括提供药品信息、药物不良反应监测、用药咨询及药物经济学分析等;临床药师工作中除与患者有效沟通外,还需注意与医护人员的沟通协作。     

浅析眼科老年性白内障患者在诊治过程中的心理现象

目的临床上,老年性白内障患者在躯体患病的同时,都伴有不同程度的心理问题。应用美国心理学马斯洛的需要层次理论．浅析白内障患者的一般心理特点和心理需要以及与疾病的关系,阐明医学心理学与马斯洛的需要层次理论在患者的诊治及预后的作用。     

幽门螺杆菌阳性患者对健康教育内容需求的调查与对策

目的了解幽门螺杆菌阳性患者对健康教育内容的需求,并提出针对性对策。方法采用自行设计调查问卷的形式对121例Hp阳性的门诊患者进行调查。结果幽门螺杆菌阳性患者对健康教育内容：用药指导、有关Hp疾病知识、心理指导、传播途径及预防措施、饮食指导、生活方式指导平均需求率相当高,达88.8%～96.5%,特别年龄大、农村居民、文化程度低的患者。结论通过对健康教育需求的调查,采取一系列针对有效的措施,促进患者配合根治Hp,防止Hp传播,提高疾病治愈率具有积极意义。     

北京市农村残疾人对医疗服务需求意愿的影响因素分析

现阶段北京市农村残疾人的首要需求是医疗服务,为了使有限的扶残助残资源得到有效利用,本文结合理论和实地调研资料,运用二项logit模型对影响农村残疾人医疗服务需求意愿的相关因素进行了实证分析,确定了急需医疗服务的农村残疾人群的相关特征,并提出了优化扶残助残资源配置的政策建议。     

某医学院本科生性心理现状分析

目的 了解医学生性心理现状,为建立高校性心理健康教育模式提供依据.方法 采用自编问卷对某医学院399名本科医学生进行问卷调查.结果 男、女生是否喜欢自身性别的报告率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),男生更愿意接受自身性别;大多数学生都希望与异性交往,且男生的需求更强烈;男、女生在释放性心理压力的途径与方法上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多数学生认为大学期间恋爱动机是排遣寂寞.结论 医学生性发展与性知识不协调,性需求和性满足之间存在冲突和矛盾.应科学引导学生树立正确的恋爱观,重视在校园内开展性知识教育和性文化建设.     

浅谈老年保健品消费需求特点及营销对策

我国已经进入人口老龄化社会,而且老年人口的数量呈现持续增长的趋势,"银色"消费市场即老年消费者市场逐渐被企业所重视。通过对我国老年保健品消费需求特点进行分析,并提出适合老保健品市场发展的营销策略。     

Perceived unmet needs for health care among Parkinson's Society of New Zealand members with Parkinson's disease

We surveyed nationwide health needs for Parkinson's disease (PD) among New Zealand Parkinson's Society members with PD. BACKGROUND: Little literature assesses how people with PD perceive their health needs for this medical condition. METHOD: Cross-sectional survey of health needs through personal, structured telephone interviews with a random sample of 500 Parkinson's Society members with PD. RESULTS: Many participants wanted improved access to specialist care but their reported attendance rates suggest provider adherence to guideline recommendations. More general practitioners (GPs) than specialists were said to offer less information than wanted. Getting enough information in usual care was the best predictor (odds ratio 3.44, 95% CI: 1.93-6.13, p=0.000) of seeing a specialist for PD as often as wanted. CONCLUSIONS: People with PD have an important perspective in assessments of their health needs. GPs require training support in providing patient information about PD. Our study results may apply to Parkinson's Society members in similar health systems.     

An Evaluation of Operant Behavioural Economics in Functional Communication Training for Severe Problem Behaviour

ABSTRACT

Objective: This single-case experiment examined the use of behavioural economic concepts in a function-based treatment for problem behaviour.

Methods: Behavioural economic analyses were used to evaluate the strength of functions of problem behaviour and this information was used to inform elements of function-based treatment for one child with a neurodevelopmental disorder.

Results: Findings from this experiment indicated that the incorporation of behavioural economic measures resulted in positive treatment effects that were maintained throughout all phases of the evaluation, including those implemented by caregivers.

Conclusions: These results suggest that behavioural economic concepts and procedures can be successful adjuncts to evidence-based assessments and treatments for problem behaviour.     

Future demand for primary hip and knee arthroplasty in Scotland

Introduction

The rising prevalence of osteoarthritis, associated with an ageing population, is expected to deliver increasing demand for arthroplasty services in the future. Understanding the scale of potential change is essential to ensure adequate provision of services and prevent prolonged waiting times that can cause patient harm.

Methods

We set out to provide projections of future primary knee and hip arthroplasty out to 2038 utilising historical trend data (2008–2018) from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project. All analyses were performed using the Holt's exponential smoothing projection method with the forecast package in R statistics. Results were adjusted for projected future population estimates provided by National Records of Scotland. Independent age group predictions were also performed.

Results

The predicted rise of primary hip arthroplasty for all ages is from 120/100k/year in 2018 to 152/100k/year in 2038, a 28% increase. The predicted rise of primary knee arthroplasty for all ages is from 164/100k/year in 2018 to 220/100k/year in 2038, a 34% increase. Based on a static 3-day length of stay average this would see 4280 and 7392 additional patient bed days required for primary hip and knee arthroplasty patients respectively per annum. The associated additional cost is anticipated to be approximately £26 million.

Conclusions

Anticipated future demand for arthroplasty will require significant additional resource and funding to prevent deterioration in quality of care and an increase in patient wait times, additional to that already required to clear the COVID-19 backlog. Understanding presented projections of changes to arthroplasty demand is key to future service delivery.