Enhancing viral vaccine production using engineered knockout vero cell lines – A second look

The global adoption of vaccines to combat disease is hampered by the high cost of vaccine manufacturing. The work described herein follows two previous publications (van der Sanden et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2017) that report a strategy to enhance poliovirus and rotavirus vaccine production through genetic modification of the Vero cell lines used in large-scale vaccine manufacturing. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tools were used to knockout Vero target genes previously shown to play a role in polio- and rotavirus production. Subsequently, small-scale models of current industry manufacturing systems were developed and adopted to assess the increases in polio- and rotavirus output by multiple stable knockout cell lines. Unlike previous studies, the Vero knockout cell lines failed to achieve desired target yield increases. These findings suggest that additional research will be required before implementing the genetically engineered Vero cell lines in the manufacturing process for polio- and rotavirus vaccines to be able to supply vaccines at reduced prices.     

基于初级指挥军官任职需求的军校技术类学员胜任力模型研究

目的:建立基于初级指挥军官任职需求的军校技术类学员胜任力模型。方法:通过文献法和问卷法建立初级指挥军官胜任力指标,针对军校技术类学员施测,运用统计学方法处理和分析数据。结果:建立的胜任力模型具有良好的信效度,与已有的模型相比具有一定特殊性。结论:初级指挥军官胜任力模型可以作为技术类学员选拔、训练、培养和分配的科学依据,对改革军校技术类学员培养模式具有一定启示意义。     

Development of large-scale manufacturing of adipose-derived stromal cells for clinical applications using bioreactors and human platelet lysate

In vitro expanded adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are a useful resource for tissue regeneration. Translation of small-scale autologous cell production into a large-scale, allogeneic production process for clinical applications necessitates well-chosen raw materials and cell culture platform. We compare the use of clinical-grade human platelet lysate (hPL) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) as growth supplements for ASC expansion in the automated, closed hollow fibre quantum cell expansion system (bioreactor). Stromal vascular fractions were isolated from human subcutaneous abdominal fat. In average, 95?×?10⁶ cells were suspended in 10% FBS or 5% hPL medium, and loaded into a bioreactor coated with cryoprecipitate. ASCs (P0) were harvested, and 30?×?10⁶ ASCs were reloaded for continued expansion (P1). Feeding rate and time of harvest was guided by metabolic monitoring. Viability, sterility, purity, differentiation capacity, and genomic stability of ASCs P1 were determined. Cultivation of SVF in hPL medium for in average nine days, yielded 546?×?10⁶ ASCs compared to 111?×?10⁶ ASCs, after 17?days in FBS medium. ASCs P1 yields were in average 605?×?10⁶ ASCs (PD [population doublings]: 4.65) after six days in hPL medium, compared to 119?×?10⁶ ASCs (PD: 2.45) in FBS medium, after 21?days. ASCs fulfilled ISCT criteria and demonstrated genomic stability and sterility. The use of hPL as a growth supplement for ASCs expansion in the quantum cell expansion system provides an efficient expansion process compared to the use of FBS, while maintaining cell quality appropriate for clinical use. The described process is an obvious choice for manufacturing of large-scale allogeneic ASC products.     

深化教学模式改革以培养德技双馨人才--以黑龙江护理高等专科学校教改为例

探讨高等专科学校教学模式改革问题。以黑龙江护理专科学校为例,总结分析教学模式改革经验。该校自2010年由中专学校合并升格以来,积极贯彻国家职教文件精神,围绕培养德技双馨高技能人才目标,在深化教学模式改革方面做了创新性和具有成效的改革尝试。     

大学生就业能力系统化培养的思考与实践

大学生就业能力培养关系到高校人才培养质量.当前高校大学生的就业能力培养工作多局限于对大学四年级学生的就业指导和就业能力提升,缺乏对学生整个大学期间就业能力培养的深度思考与系统规划,就业管理工作存在着片面性、零碎化和局部化现象,该文讨论了大学期间统筹规划、整合资源、系统化培养提升大学生就业能力的路径.     

长期体外培养日本血吸虫的体被及消化道的透射电镜观察

用透射电镜观察日本血吸虫人工转变童虫经841培养液培养130d及从动物感染获得成虫经851培养液培养23d后的虫体体被与消化道超微结构。雌雄虫体被结构较完整,基质中似无空泡化现象:感觉孔突与焰细胞结构正常。食道腔面高度皱褶;肠腔中的板层、脂滴及肠上皮基膜内陷小管等结构与前人报道正常虫体比较基本相似。说明这两种培养液对日本血吸虫所以具有生长发育或促进产卵的功效与血吸虫体被与消化道尚能维持其代谢功能有关。     

几种体外培养条件下间日疟原虫红内期裂体增殖

在培养液成分基本不变的情况下,观察几种体外培养条件的间日疟原虫红内裂体增殖.实验组为:烛缸静止培养,重复点烛烛缸静止培养,低氧静止培养,两种试管深层悬浮培养。引种用了两个虫株,起始培养采用冷冻虫血复苏和现症疟疾病人新鲜虫血直接引种。除棉塞试管深层悬浮组不能支持裂体增殖外,其他组均至少不同程度地完成两个裂殖周期;在低氧下,原虫发育更正常。观察发现,间日疟原虫分离株在体外培养中是重要的。     

安国市中药饮片生产行业人才现状及需求调查

目的分析目前中药专业教育中存在的问题与不足,并提出针对性的专业课程建设意见和建议。方法以安国市为主调研地,选取20家中药饮片生产企业,对企业基本情况、人才结构、岗位设置、人才需求情况及本企业和本行业的发展现状、趋势、发展困境等进行问卷调查。结果安国市中药饮片生产行业人才总体学历层次偏低,生产企业对中药专业人才需求较大,"用得上、留得住、下得去"的高素质技能型、应用型人才紧缺。结论如何为该行业输送可用、能用、够用的人才,是解决该行业人才紧缺现状的当务之急。相关人才培养定位需结合实际,课程设置需更具有实用性,校企合作需进一步加强。     

核心能力教学模式在老年专科护士高级护理实践能力培养中的应用

目的探讨核心能力教学模式在培养老年专科护士高级护理实践能力中的应用效果。方法以核心能力教学模式为培训框架,参考美国护理学院协会提出的高级实践护士核心能力和美国护理学家Hamric的高级护理实践模式,界定老年专科护士高级护理实践能力,并以此为导向设置培训课程,对49名护士进行培训,以自评得分及他评得分评价培训效果和满意度。结果培训前后,49名学员的7项高级护理实践能力自评总分分别为(89.18±15.73)分、(113.78±22.22)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.10,P0.01);他评结果:学员护理个案得分(70.29±3.78)分,成组计划得分(73.46±2.60)分,全部学员圆满完成了老年专科护士的专业课程与临床实践,获得由香港老年专科护理学院和广东省护理教育中心联合颁发的"广东省老年专科护士课程培训合格证书"。95%的学员表示非常满意本课程的设置,认为课程设置科学、严谨、全面、实用且与国际老年护理接轨,有利于专科护士能力的发展。结论以核心能力教学模式为培训框架,高级护理实践能力为培养目标,以此设计的老年专科护士高级护理实践能力培养模式,可以达到预期目的。能实施基于科学的精细护理的老年专科护士是时代和现实的迫切需要;本探讨可为日后其他专科的护理人才在职培训提供借鉴。     

关于大学生网络自主化学习理念的探讨

在介绍自主化学习理念、必要性及网络学习价值的基础上,分析了影响大学生利用网络进行自主化学习的因素,提出了培养大学生网络自主化学习理念的途径及对策。