改良掌板紧缩术在爪状手畸形矫正中的作用

目的：采用改进的掌板紧缩手术方法，以矫正手的爪状畸形，间接增强手指背伸肌力和指屈肌力。方法：在掌指关节处将掌板“Ｈ”形切开，远侧舌状瓣向近侧牵拉屈掌指关节与近侧瓣重叠缝合在人为制造的掌骨颈部的粗糙面上。结果：１９６例施行矫正手术，随访１～１１年，除４例失败外，均矫正成功，外形良好，增强了手的抓握与夹捏力，无１例发生屈肌腱粘连。结论：本术式有效地矫正了爪状手的畸形     

Variables affecting electronic root canal measurement

This study was conducted in two parts. In the first part, 20 single-rooted teeth that had been scheduled for extraction were investigated. The electronic root canal lengths were measured in vivo with a Dental Sono-Explorer type Y-III, and the actual canal lengths were measured after extraction of the teeth. The rate of agreement of the two measurements was 77.5% within a range of ±0.5 mm, while it was 100% at ±2.0mm, which is acceptable clinically. In the second part, there were 19 simulated canals whose lengths and apical foramen sizes were known beforehand. Experiments revealed a negative correlation between the areas of the apical foramina and the difference between the electronic and the actual root canal lengths. This relationship was shown by the linear regression equation: ?= 0.6 ? 1.6x. With the exception of the smallest areas of foramina, electronic root canal length measurements were less than the actual lengths.     

广西黑斑蛙的染色体组型及Ag-NORs的研究

目的：对广西黑斑蛙的染色体组型及Ag－NORs进行研究。方法：采用骨髓细胞直接法制备染色体标本片及用核仁形成区的一步染色法进行银染。结果：本实验蛙的二倍体染色体2n=26。可配成13对同源染色体，其中大型5对，小型8对。在第8号染色体长臂中央具有明显次缢痕。Ag－NORs亦是在No．8，数目为2个。结论：广西黑斑蛙与国内其它地区同种蛙的染色体结构有差异。     

Renin secretion in the earliest stage of goldblatt-type hypertension in rats

Summary Unilateral nephrectomy and constriction of the remaining renal artery in the rat induced a sustained increase of systolic blood pressure, which becomes significant as soon as 90 minutes after operation, and a transient rise in renal venous as well as in peripheral plasma renin activity between 20 and 180 minutes after operation. Unilateral nephrectomyper se, after 90 and 180 minutes, caused a significant fall of the systolic blood pressure, a slight increase of renal venous renin activity after 20 and 45 minutes, and between 3 and 24 hours after operation it was followed by a significant decrease of peripheral plasma renin activity. An increased secretion of renin from the clamped kidney may thus contribute to the initial rise of blood pressure in rats with Goldblatt-type hypertension.Supported by Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique, Grant No. 53153.     

吗啡对非伤害性刺激后CCI大鼠脊髓c-fos表达的影响

目的　观察慢性坐骨神经收缩损伤 (CCI)大鼠触摸刺激后机械痛阈和热痛阈的变化 ,以研究吗啡 (2mg/kg)腹腔注射后对非伤害性刺激后脊髓后角c fos表达的影响 ,探讨脊髓痛觉调控机制。方法　选择雌性SD大鼠 30只 ,随机分为假手术组、CCI组和吗啡组 ,分别于术前 2d、术后 4、7、14d给予机械痛阈和热痛阈测试。大鼠处死前 3h给于非伤害性触摸刺激 ,处死后取脊髓切片 ,免疫组织化学方法检测c fos表达。结果　CCI组和吗啡组大鼠坐骨神经结扎 4d后均呈现不同程度的痛觉过敏 ,以术后 14d为甚 ,触摸刺激导致的脊髓c fos的表达明显增加 ,主要集中分布于脊髓背角表层Ⅰ～Ⅱ层的中间内侧部 ,Ⅴ～Ⅹ层也有一定程度增多。 2mg/kg腹腔注射不能有效的阻断慢性缩神经损伤大鼠痛觉过敏。吗啡组与CCI组相比c fos的表达无明显减少 ,两组相比差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　 2mg/kg吗啡腹腔注射不能有效抑制非伤害性刺激诱发痛觉过敏以及脊髓背角c fos的表达 ,可能与吗啡用药途径和用量过小有关 ,也可能与脊髓背角二级感觉神经元兴奋性增高有关     

Vascular surgery, implantation surgery, and vacuum erection aids. Review-overview-aspects of three therapy options in erectile dysfunction

Summary Vascular surgery or penile prosthesis implantation are the main surgical options for erectile dysfunction. In this category, penile revascularization is the only causal therapy for selected patients: males younger than 50 years of age at time of surgery, maximum of two risk factors, exclusion of diabetes mellitus. Long-term success decreased to 53 % to 55 % in comparison to first encouraging reports of 80 % success. Venous surgery resulted in an even more distinct decline of success the longer the elapse of time after surgery. Long-term success dropped under 40 %, leaving only a few indications for penile venous ligation. In contrast, penile prosthesis implantation results in high satisfaction rates. Despite this, it is not generally recommended as first choice surgical management as it is linked to irreversible damage of the cavernosal bodies. Among numerous types of penile implants, preference is nowadays mostly given to the three-piece hydraulic models. However, such complications as defective or perforated cylinders in up to 35 % after 5 years have arisen, depending on the type of implant. In a selected patient group, vacuum constriction devices with a mean patient acceptance of 75 % (50 % to 90 %) seldom result in complications and are thus considered to be a well-established therapeutical option.      

Human chromosome heteromorphisms in American blacks: II. Higher incidence of pericentric inversions of secondary constriction regions (h)

Eighty normal American blacks were studied by the CBG technique (C-bands by barium hydroxide using Giemsa) for estimation of size and inversion heteromorphisms of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16, and the data were compared to those of whites using subjectively defined criteria. Size and inversion heteromorphisms were classified into 5 levels. The frequencies of size heteromorphisms of chromosomes 1 and 16 were 10.63% and 6.88%, respectively, which are not significantly different from those of a normal population of whites. A higher incidence of size heteromorphisms for chromosome 9 was noted in whites (47.5% vs 30%). The frequencies of inversion heteromorphism of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 were 17.5%, 21.9%, and 0.0%, respectively. Overall, 61 chromosomes were found to have an inversion. Of these, 28 were in chromosome 1, and 33 were in chromosome 9. A higher incidence of inversion heteromorphisms of chromosomes 1 and 9 was noted in American blacks, while no inversions were found in chromosome 16 in either population. A significant association of increased size of the h region with inversion (r = 0.99 P < 0.01) is demonstrated, ie, enlarged h regions have a higher frequency of inversions.     

反复扩缩式快速扩弓矫治器配合前方牵引矫治恒牙早期安氏Ⅲ类错的临床疗效观察

目的 观察上颌固定式快速扩弓矫治器配合面具前方牵引矫治恒牙早期以上颌骨发育不足为主的安氏Ⅲ类骨性错的临床疗效.方法 选择17例恒牙早期以上颌骨发育不足为主的安氏Ⅲ类骨性错病例,采用附殆垫的上颌固定式快速扩弓矫治器配合面具前方牵引进行阻断矫治,并在矫治8或9周内对牙弓行反复扩缩,对前方牵引治疗前后x线头颅侧位片进行测量分...     

Myocardial injury modulates the innate immune system and changes myocardial sensitivity

Objective Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) results in a transient increase of proinflammatory cytokines, which return to baseline levels within 3 d. In contrast to cytokine baseline levels, the myocardium remains capable to respond even stronger to a new stimulus. As the molecular mechanisms for this phenomenon are unknown, we tested whether TAC modulates the innate immune system in mice and changes the inflammatory reaction to a new stimulus. Methods Following 3 d of TAC or sham-operation procedure (SOP), LPS (20 mg/kg) or PBS (control) were administered intraperitoneal for 10 min as well as for 6 h. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded to measure the effects of TAC and LPS. After TAC/SOP alone CD14 expression was monitored and after additional 6 h of LPS/PBS the expression of CD14, TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines were determined by western-blot, ELISA and RNase protection assay, respectively. Following TAC/SOP and 10 min of LPS/PBS, NFκB activation was investigated by EMSA. Results TAC induced cardiac hypertrophy and elevated blood pressure. LPS application led to hypotension and other symptoms of sepsis. CD14 expression increased after TAC alone and even further after additional LPS challenge. However, we did not detect changes of TLR4 expression. Also NFκB activation increased after LPS challenge higher in the TAC than in the SOP group. LPS-stimulation induced also higher cytokine expression in the TAC than in the SOP group. Conclusion TAC modulates innate immunity by regulating the expression of CD14 and changes the myocardial tissue to respond more powerful to LPS. Returned for 1st revision: 30 November 2005 1st revision received: 28 March 2006     

Loose ligation of the sciatic nerve in rats elicits transient up-regulation of Homer1a gene expression in the spinal dorsal horn

Changes in the expression of many genes underlie injury-elicited plasticity in the spinal dorsal horn. Homer1 is a recently identified gene that appears to play a critical role in the expression of synaptic plasticity in several brain regions, including the hippocampus. In this study we investigated the early consequences of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve on Homer1 gene expression in the spinal dorsal horn. Significant increases in Homer1a mRNA levels in the ipsilateral dorsal horn were detected at 4h post-ligation, and these levels remained elevated at 8h before returning to baseline values by 24h after the ligation. In contrast, the levels of Homer1b/c mRNA did not change at any of these selected post-ligation times. The ligation-associated induction of Homer1a was dependent on activation of NMDA receptors and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway. The non-competitive NMDA-receptor antagonist, MK-801, and a specific inhibitor of the ERK1/2 pathway, U0126, significantly attenuated the injury-elicited increases in Homer1a mRNA when compared to saline-treated animals. These data provide the first evidence for a potential role of Homer1a in peripheral nerve injury-elicited plasticity in the spinal dorsal horn. These data also imply that the early and transient up-regulation of Homer1a gene expression may be an important contributor to the eventual development of neuropathic pain.