HPLC法测定双唑泰泡腾片中甲硝唑、克霉唑和醋酸洗必泰的含量

目的 :建立采用高效液相色谱分离双唑泰泡腾片中主成分甲硝唑、克霉唑和醋酸洗必泰的方法。方法 :色谱柱为WatersNova -PakC18(5 μm ,3 9mm× 15 0mm) ,流动相为甲醇 -磷酸三乙胺缓冲液 (30∶70 ) ,流速 0 8mL·min-1,检测波长为 2 6 3nm。结果 :甲硝唑、克霉唑和醋酸洗必泰 3种成分的回收率分别为 10 0 4% ,99 9% ,10 0 7% ;RSD分别为1 1% ,1 8% ,2 6 % (n =6 )。结论 :方法简便 ,结果准确可靠     

全国71所医疗机构新生儿皮肤消毒剂使用的现况调查

目的 了解全国新生儿护理单元皮肤消毒剂的使用情况。方法 采用便利抽样的方法,于2023年4—5月采用自行设计的调查表调查全国93个新生儿护理单元皮肤消毒剂的使用情况,内容包括消毒剂类型、消毒工具、清洁与消毒次数、消毒剂待干情况、脱消毒剂情况和消毒剂引起的不良反应。结果 共纳入25个省/直辖市71所医疗机构的93个护理单元。新生儿病房中,使用最多的3种消毒剂分别是乙醇(79.57%)、碘伏(74.19%)、安尔碘(62.37%),氯己定在护理单元(<2个月龄婴儿)中的使用情况分别为禁用28个(30.11%),慎用23个(24.73%),可用9个(9.68%),无统一要求33个(35.48%)。13个(17.57%)护理单元使用乙醇时仅擦拭1次,部分护理单元对消毒剂擦拭次数未做统一规定。使用碘伏后,去除残留消毒剂情况,包括29个(42.03%)护理单元使用生理盐水,8个(11.59%)使用乙醇,19个(27.54%)未做统一规定。消毒剂的不良反应主要为皮疹、接触性皮炎,引起不良反应的消毒剂有乙醇、碘伏、安尔碘及氯己定。结论 临床实践中,新生儿皮肤消毒剂使用尚缺乏统一规范,选择和使用差...     

高效液相色谱法对溶液中氯己定含量的测定

用高效液相色谱法 ,于氯己定有特征吸收峰且干扰较小的 2 53nm波长下测定溶液中氯己定含量。对氯己定含量≤ 0 4 2 2 2mg/ml的溶液 ,测定结果的相对偏差≤ 1 4 %。     

Microbiological analysis of autologous bone particles obtained by low-speed drilling and treated with different decontamination agents

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three agents – two antibiotics (amoxicillin and clindamycin) and an antiseptic (chlorhexidine) – to decontaminate bone grafts obtained by low-speed drilling. The study included 248 bone tissue samples harvested from 62 patients by low-speed drilling before dental implant placement. Each of four samples obtained from every patient was dropped, using a sterile instrument, into a sterile tube containing a 500-μl solution of 400 μg/mL amoxicillin, 150 μg/mL clindamycin, 0.12% chlorhexidine, or physiological saline for 1 min. The number of colony-forming units (CFU) was determined at 48 h of culture. The use of clindamycin, amoxicillin, or chlorhexidine as decontaminant for 1 min significantly reduced the CFU count when compared to physiological saline (control agent). In both anaerobic and CO₂-rich atmospheres, significant differences in CFU/mL were found between the control and chlorhexidine groups (P < 0.001), control and amoxicillin groups (P < 0.001), control and clindamycin groups (P < 0.001), chlorhexidine and amoxicillin groups (P < 0.0001), and chlorhexidine and clindamycin groups (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, clindamycin had the highest decontaminating effect on bone particles obtained by low-speed drilling, followed by chlorhexidine and amoxicillin. Clindamycin may therefore be a valid alternative option for the routine decontamination of intraoral bone grafts.     

复方氯己定含漱液预防干槽症临床观察

目的:评价复方氯己定含漱液预防下颌阻生智齿拔除术后干槽症的临床效果。方法:临床搜集需拔除下颌阻生智齿的342例患者,共342颗牙,随机分为复方氯己定含漱液组(A组)、口服抗生素组(B组)和消炎抗菌可溶止血纱布组(C组),比较3组术后干槽症的发病率。结果:A组干槽症发病率显著低于C组(P<0.05);A组与B组、B组与C组间比较,干槽症发病率均无显著性差异(均P>0.05)。结论:下颌阻生智齿拔除后,口腔应用复方氯己定含漱液可有效预防术后干槽症的发生。     

Antimicrobial and physicochemical characterization of endodontic sealers after exposure to chlorhexidine digluconate

ObjectivesAssess the antibacterial, physical and chemical properties of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS) in contact with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) used as final irrigant prior to root canal obturation.MethodsThe antimicrobial properties were investigated by direct contact tests for planktonic and biofilm growth of E. faecalis, S. mutans, S.epidermidis and S.aureus in vitro. The setting time, wettability, microhardness and surface roughness were also assessed. The sealers were studied in no contact, 1-minute (short-term) and continuous contact (long-term) with CHX. Chemical characterization of sealers was performed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy after CHX or saline used as the last irrigant in an ex vivo tooth model and in endo training blocks.ResultsCHX increased the antibacterial activity of all the sealers investigated against planktonic bacteria and biofilms with PCS exerting the highest antimicrobial activity with and without the presence of CHX. The setting of AH Plus and BioRoot RCS was retarded, while for PCS accelerated in the presence of CHX. AH Plus and PCS were more hydrophilic after contact with CHX, whilst BioRoot RCS was hydrophobic in a time-dependent manner. The microhardness of sealers was compromised and the surface roughness increased after CHX exposure for AH Plus and BioRoot RCS, and decreased for PCS. CHX did not affect the sealers’ chemistry, but PCS that exhibited two extra phases.SignificanceCHX improved the antibacterial efficacy of endodontic sealers but further evidence is needed to confirm its suitability as a final irrigant prior to root canal obturation.     

Cytokine Expression in Human Osteoblasts After Antiseptic Treatment: A Comparative Study Between Polyhexanide and Chlorhexidine

Purpose/Aim of the study: Chlorhexidine and polyhexanide are frequently used antiseptics in clinical practice and have a broad antimicrobial range. Both antiseptics are helpful medical agents for septic wound treatment with a high potential for defeating joint infections. Their effect on human osteoblasts has, so far, not been sufficiently evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the activating potential of polyhexanide and chlorhexidine on inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in human osteoblasts in vitro. Materials and Methods: Human osteoblasts were isolated and cultivated in vitro and then treated separately with 0.1% and 2% chlorhexidine and 0.04% polyhexanide as commonly applied concentrations in clinical practice. Detection of cell structure and cell morphology was performed by light microscopic inspection. Cytokine and chemokine secretion was determined by using a multiplex suspension array. Results: Cell shrinking, defective cell membrane, and the loss of cell adhesion indicated cell damage of human osteoblasts after treatment with both antiseptics was evaluated by using light microscopy. Polyhexanide, but not chlorhexidine, caused human osteoblasts to secrete various interleukins (1β, 6, and 7), interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, vascular endothelial growth factor, eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor basic, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as quantified by multiplex suspension array. Conclusions: Both antiseptics induced morphological cell damage at an optimum exposure between 1 and 10 min. But only polyhexanide mediated a pronounced secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human osteoblasts. Therefore, we recommend a preferred usage of chlorhexidine in septic surgery to avoid the induction of an inflammatory reaction.