氢杨梅素改善高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠肝脏脂肪沉积及机制（英文）

有文献报道, SIRT1-AMPK信号通路可能在DHM改善肝脏细胞甘油三酯蓄积、胰岛素抵抗等作用中发挥作用。为此,本课题拟进一步观察DHM对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠肝脏脂肪沉积的影响,并探讨其可能机制。C57BL/6J小鼠采用普通饲料和高脂饲料喂养,同时分别用或不用低剂量(125 mg/kg)或高剂量(250 mg/kg)的DHM处理16周。实验期间,每两周检测体重一次。16周后,眼眶静脉取血并处死动物,同时取肩胛下、附睾与腹股沟的脂肪并用电子秤进行称重,并记录脂肪重量。全自动生化分析仪检测:血清甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、血清总胆固醇(totalcholesterol,TC)、血清高密度脂蛋白(high-densitylipoprotein,HDL)、血清低密度脂蛋白(low-densitylipoprotein,LDL)。取肝脏甲醛固定、HE和油红O染色检测肝脏脂肪沉积情况;比色法检测肝脏MDA和SOD含量; Realtime PCR检测相关指标的基因表达:IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl-Co A carboxylase, ACC)、固...     

LIBS快速评价产品质量属性的研究进展及在中药的应用前景

激光诱导击穿光谱技术（LIBS）是一种基于原子发射光谱的元素分析技术,具有“快速、实时、无损、原位”等优势。本文介绍LIBS快速分析的特征;系统综述了该技术在工业、农业、医药、环境、艺术与考古、远程遥感领域快速评价产品质量属性的应用进展,展望了LIBS技术未来的发展空间及中药的应用前景。     

钴对小鼠卵母细胞成熟和体外受精的影响

[目的]研究钴的生殖毒性.[方法]采用卵母细胞体外培养和体外受精的方法.[结果]氯化钴降低体内(0 h)第一极体释放率和卵母细胞存活率(P＜0.01),降低卵母细胞(24 h)的体外受精率(P＜0.01),且有剂量依赖性增加,随着体外培养时间的延长,2个剂量组的第一极体释放率与各自0 h相比有显著提高,除了6.0 mg·kg-1组外,48 h后3.0 mg·kg-1剂量组的IVF率与24 h时相比显著提高,3.0 mg·kg-1和6.0 mg·kg-1两组的IVF率在48 h和72 h时与对照组比差异均有显著性(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).[结论]实验结果提示,氯化钴能够抑制卵母细胞的体内成熟,降低卵母细胞的体外受精能力,具有明显的生殖毒性.     

Intra-operative epidural blockade with local anaesthetics and postoperative protein breakdown associated with hip surgery in elderly patients

The effect of epidural anaesthesia of limited duration on postoperative protein breakdown was studied in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Two groups of six patients each were studied. One group with halothane (C) and one with an epidural block, T8-S4, (E) as part of their general anaesthetic for surgery. The urinary excretion of urea nitrogen and 3-methylhistidine (3-MeH), an indicator of muscle protein breakdown, increased significantly in both groups after surgery, by the same amount (P less than 0.05). The total concentration of plasma and muscle aminoacids decreased after surgery in both groups. Muscle glutamine was decreased by 50% after surgery on the fourth postoperative day in both groups (P less than 0.05). Therefore epidural anaesthesia, limited to the period of surgery, did not attenuate the loss of body proteins which occurred during the postoperative period.     

Direct and indirect effects of electrical stimulation on the motility of human sperm

BACKGROUND: Electroejaculation is a technique that is becoming more frequently available for obtaining sperm from men with spinal cord injury or psychogenic anejaculation. However, the effect of electrical stimulation on the movement of human sperm has not been clarified. METHODS: Electrical stimulation was applied to ejaculated semen or washed sperm via a pair of electrodes in the sperm-counting chamber while sperm motility was recorded using a computer-assisted semen analyzer. RESULTS: When monopolar pulse stimulation was applied to sperm, the motility rate and velocity of sperm near both electrodes decreased according to the number of pulses and current despite low electrical voltages. However, motility of sperm in the center between electrodes did not change. When extremely high-voltage electrical stimulation with more than 80 V/2 mm (distance between electrodes) was applied to sperm, sperm stopped moving regardless of their location between the electrodes, despite a low electrical current and low energy. Replicating clinical rectal probe electroejaculation, continuous sinusoidal alternating current at 50 V/10 mm was applied to a untreated ejaculated semen. The motility of sperm, except for those adjacent to both electrodes, did not change after stimulation for 60s, despite a high electrical energy. CONCLUSIONS: The motility of sperm near electrodes was decreased when high electric current flowed, despite low electrical voltages. In addition, sperm lost their motility when extremely high-voltage electrical stimulation was applied. However, electrical stimulation during clinical rectal probe electroejaculation seems to have no effect on sperm motility.     

Determination of Trace Metals Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Insoluble Organic Materials Obtained from Pyrolysis of Plastics Waste

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for the detection of trace elements in non-degradable part of plastics known as insoluble organic material, obtained from thermal and catalytic degradation of plastics. LIBS signal intensity for each metal measured in the test sample was unique and different. The capability of this technique is demonstrated by analyzing various trace metals present inside plastics and also compared with ICP results. The metal concentration (ppm) measured with LIBS and verified by ICP for Ag (901), Al (522), Fe (231), Co (628), V (275), Ni (558), Pb (325), Mn (167) and Cd (378) are higher than permissible safe limits.     

ATL Ultramark 9HDI B超直流变换器故障原理及检修

本文介绍了ATL UM9HDI B超直流变换器的工作原理、常见故障及检修的方法。     

The effect of amino acid infusion on leg protein turnover assessed by L-[15N]phenylalanine and L-[1-13C]leucine exchange

A stable isotope technique depending on the use of [15N]phenylalanine and [1-13C]leucine to assess exchange was utilized to measure the components of protein turnover of the human leg and the effects of amino acid infusion. Eight healthy subjects (28.5 +/- 2.5 years) were studied when post-absorptive in the basal state and again during infusion of a mixed amino acid solution (55 g l-1, 1.52 ml kg-1 h-1). During the basal period leucine oxidation by the leg was 4.4 +/- 2.0 nmol 100 g-1 min-1 and this increased threefold during amino acid infusion (13.6 +/- 3.1 nmol 100 g-1 min-1, mean +/- SEM, P = 0.003). Amino acid infusion abolished the net negative balance between incorporation of leucine into, and release from, protein (basal, -31.8 +/- 5.8; during infusion, +3.1 +/- 7.1 nmol 100 g-1 P = 0.001). Phenylalanine exchange showed a similar pattern (basal, -13.7 +/- 1.8; during infusion, -0.8 +/- 3.0 nmol 100 g-1 min-1, P = 0.003). Basal entry of leucine into leg protein (i.e. protein synthesis) was 70.0 +/- 10.8 nmol 100 g-1 min-1 and this increased during amino acid infusion to 87.3 +/- 14.1 nmol 100 g-1 min-1 (P = 0.11). Phenylalanine entry to protein also increased with amino acid infusion (29.1 +/- 4.5 vs. 38.3 +/- 5.8 nmol 100 g-1 min-1, P = 0.09). Release from protein of leucine (101.8 +/- 9.1 vs. 84.2 +/- 9.1 nmol 100 g-1 min-1, P = 0.21) and of phenylalanine (42.8 +/- 4.2 vs. 39.1 +/- 4.2 nmol 100 g-1 min-1, P = 0.50) was unchanged by amino acid infusion. The results suggest that, in the post-absorptive state in man, infusion of mixed amino acids, without additional energy substrates; reverses negative amino acid balance by a mechanism which includes stimulation of muscle protein synthesis but which does not alter protein breakdown. Interpretation of the results obtained concurrently on whole-body protein turnover suggests that the increase in muscle protein synthesis contributes substantially to the whole-body increase, but the fall in whole-body breakdown with exogenous amino acids is independent of changes in muscle.     

腹主动脉瘤先兆破裂及破裂的CT征象(附10例分析)

目的探讨腹主动脉瘤先兆破裂及破裂在多层螺旋CT中的表现。方法收集10例临床证实腹主动脉瘤的患者的CT扫描资料进行回顾性分析。结果腹主动脉瘤先兆破裂的CT征象:动脉瘤大小增加、附壁血栓和环状钙化的管壁出现局部连续中断及高密度新月征;腹主动脉瘤破裂的CT征象:腹膜后血肿和动脉包含征。结论 CT可显示腹主动脉瘤先兆破裂及破裂的CT征象,及时做出诊断。     

Haptoglobin: a review of the major allele frequencies worldwide and their association with diseases

Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma alpha(2)-glycoprotein which binds free haemoglobin, thus preventing oxidative damage. The complex is rapidly removed from the circulation by a specific receptor (CD163) found on macrophages. Three major subtypes, Hp1-1, Hp2-1 and Hp2-2 are the product of two closely related genes HP(1) and HP(2). The frequency of the HP(1) and HP(2) genes varies worldwide depending on racial origin: the HP(1)frequency varying from about 0.07 in parts of India to over 0.7 in parts of West Africa and South America. Both HP(1) and HP(2) have been linked to susceptibility to various diseases. Such associations may be explained by functional differences between the subtypes in the binding of Hb and its rate of clearance from the plasma. However, there are also corresponding negative reports for disease associations. The conflicting evidence on disease association and the lack of association between disease and particular populations, despite the wide range of HP(1) and HP(2) gene frequencies across the world, may indicate that any associations are marginal.