超声弹性成像联合BI-RADS分类在乳腺微小癌诊断中的临床价值

目的:探讨在乳腺微小癌诊断中联合应用超声弹性成像及数据系统(BI-RADS)分类的临床价值。方法:选择2018年3月~2019年3月本院接收的疑似乳腺微小癌的96例患者作为研究对象。均进行超声弹性成像检查、BI-RADS分类,以病理检查结果为诊断金标准,比较单项检查与联合检查的准确率、灵敏度、特异度。结果:数据显示,在96例疑似乳腺微小癌患者中,共80例患者经病理检查确诊为乳腺微小癌,同时乳腺钼靶联合超声检查的准确性、灵敏度均高于单项检测,数据之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,单项与联合检测的特异度对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在乳腺微小癌诊断中联合应用超声弹性成像及BI-RADS分类检查,可有效提高诊断准确性及灵敏度,对早期疾病诊断、临床治疗具有重要意义。     

“超声信息管理系统”中的数据整合

介绍“超声信息管理系统”中的数据整合研究。医院数学化仪器和计算机信息系统的使用积累了大量的数据,本文针对“高血压进程与心脏形态变化的关系”这一主题,重组计算机内的积累病例数据,在建立数据仓库和实现数据挖掘方面做了一些尝试。     

莱州市市区3—7岁儿童体格发育调查

①目的了解莱州市市区3～7儿童的生长发育状况.②方法采用整群抽样法调查3～7岁儿童3185名,用2m标尺测身高,杠杆式磅秤测体质量,软尺测头围、胸围,并与哈尔滨、北京、上海等9市标准值比较.③结果莱州市儿童的体质量、胸围、头围均超过9市同类指标的标准值,差异均有显著性(u=7.61～11.69,P＜0.01),身高则低于9市同类指标的标准值(u=2.95,4.46,P＜0.01).④结论莱州市儿童身高发育迟缓,应加强营养,以促进儿童的生长发育.     

大学生饮酒情况和相关问题的调查

①目的　了解大学生饮酒情况及相关问题。②方法　采用整群抽样调查方法 ,使用自行设计的调查问卷 ,调查了 16 2 4例 18～ 2 2岁的大学生饮酒情况及其相关的社会、心理和躯体问题。③结果　 16 2 4例大学生中有 82 9例饮酒 ,饮酒率为 5 1.1% ,男生饮酒率为 78.8% ,女生饮酒率为 2 4.1% ,男生饮酒率明显高于女生 ,差异有极显著意义 (χ2 =486 .36 ,P <0 .0 0 1) ;饮酒引起的与躯体损害有关的疾病以消化道疾病为主 ;饮酒的原因除了自身的因素外 ,家庭和社会因素起着重要作用。饮酒组学生的学习成绩低于非饮酒组。④结论　饮酒影响了大学生心身健康和学习成绩     

Early Identification of Patient Satisfaction Two Years After Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundThere are numerous reports of poor satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), yet there is little known about when to use evidence-based models of care to improve patient outcomes.ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize longitudinal changes in patient-reported satisfaction after TKA and to identify factors for early identification of poor satisfaction.MethodsFor a cohort of primary TKA surgeries (n = 86), patient-reported outcomes were captured one week before TKA and 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, and 1 and 2 years after TKA. “Satisfied” versus “not fully satisfied” patients were defined using a binary response (≥90 vs <90) from a 100-point scale. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests identified changes in satisfaction between follow-up times, and longitudinal analyses examined demographic and questionnaire factors associated with satisfaction.ResultsImprovements in satisfaction occurred within the first 6 months after TKA (P ≤ 0.01). Preoperative patient-reported outcome measures alone were not predictive of satisfaction. Key factors that improved longitudinal satisfaction included higher Oxford Knee Scores (odds ratio (OR) = 2.1, P < .001), general health (EQ-VAS, OR = 1.3, P = .03), and less visual analog scale pain (VAS; OR = 1.7, P < .001). Differences in these factors between satisfied and not fully satisfied patients were identified as early as 6 weeks after surgery.ConclusionVisibly different satisfaction profiles were captured among satisfied and not fully satisfied patient responses, with differences in patient-perceived joint function, general health, and pain severity occurring as early as 6 weeks after surgery. This study provides metrics to support early identification of patients at risk of poor TKA satisfaction, enabling clinicians to apply timely targeted treatment and support interventions, with the aim of improving patient outcomes.     

《伤寒论》治疫方用药规律分析及核心药对治疗COVID-19的作用机制研究

目的 基于数据挖掘分析《伤寒论》疫病治疗相关方剂的用药规律,并利用网络药理学分析核心药对“柴胡-黄芩”治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎（coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19）的作用机制。以期探讨经方治疗疫病的当代价值。方法 筛选《伤寒论》中治疗疫病的经方,利用R语言等软件对频次、性味归经、相关性、关联规则等用药规律进行分析,并运用网络药理学方法对用药规律中核心药对治疗COVID-19的机制进行探究。用Cytoscape对筛选出的成分及靶点构建“疾病-药物-成分-靶点”网络,将关键靶点导入String数据库进行蛋白相互作用（protein-protein interaction,PPI）网络分析,并在R语言中进行基因本体论（gene ontology,GO）功能分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路分析。结果 纳入《伤寒论》中与疫病相关的方剂61首,共52味中药。前20味高频用药中以温性药、辛味药为主,多归脾、肺经,功效以补气药居多。“柴胡-黄芩”药对相关性最强,5个类聚方为小柴胡汤...     

基于数据挖掘的益气活血类方防治脑缺血再灌注损伤用药规律及其作用机制研究

目的 探讨急性缺血性卒中溶栓治疗后使用益气活血类方剂干预的用药规律,预测核心药物防治脑缺血再灌注损伤的潜在作用机制。方法 检索中国知网、万方、维普和PubMed数据库中急性缺血性卒中溶栓治疗后使用益气活血类方有效干预的文献,对方中使用的药物进行频数、聚类及关联分析,依据关联规则选取置信度和支持度最高的核心药物,构建核心药物-活性成分-交集靶点网络图,并进行基因本体（gene ontology,GO）功能富集和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路富集分析。结果 共筛选纳入232篇文献,涉及中药处方177首,包含中药119味,累计使用频次1903,以黄芪为首的高频药物28味,所有药物按功效可分为16种,药味总频次191,归经总频次292。高频药物聚类分析得到5个聚类,关联规则分析得到20组支持度较高的中药组合,其中支持度与置信度最高的二联药物组合为“黄芪-川芎”,三联药物组合为“黄芪-川芎-地龙”。网络药理学分析收集黄芪、川芎、地龙的活性成分30个;筛选“黄芪-川芎”防治脑缺血再灌注损伤的靶点91个,“黄芪...     

Measuring physician practice site characteristics: A comparison of data from SK&A and a practice site survey

ObjectiveTo evaluate the comparability of commercially available practice site data from SK&A with survey data to understand the implications of using SK&A data for health services research.Data sourcesResponses to the Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) Practice Survey and SK&A data.Study designComparison of CPC + Practice Survey responses to SK&A information for 2698 primary care practice sites.Data collectionCPC + Practice Survey data collected through a web‐only survey from April through September 2017, and SK&A data purchased in November 2016.Principal findingsInformation was similar across data sources, although some discrepancies were common. For example, 56% of practice sites had differences in the reported number of practitioners, and larger sites tended to have larger differences. Among practice sites with 1 practitioner in the survey, only 1.3% had a difference of 3 or more practitioners between the data sources, whereas 63% of practice sites with 11 or more practitioners had a difference of 3 or more practitioners.ConclusionsDiscrepancies between data sources could reflect differences of interpretation when defining practice site characteristics, changes over time in those characteristics, or data errors in either SK&A or the survey. Researchers using SK&A data should consider possible ramifications for their studies.