大鼠实验性干眼的角结膜上皮组织学改变

目的 建立大鼠干眼模型并进行评价,比较正常大鼠和干眼大鼠角结膜上皮组织形态学特点。方法 采用苯扎氯铵滴眼诱导大鼠出现干眼,麻醉后处死动物,取正常大鼠和干眼大鼠角结膜组织行HE染色,及电镜下观察大鼠角结膜超微结构。结果 干眼大鼠角膜上皮和结膜上皮出现上皮细胞缺失,结膜上皮杯状细胞减少,电镜下观察干眼大鼠角膜结膜上皮细胞微绒毛缺失,断裂,出现基底膜溶解,细胞内线粒体溶解。结论 苯扎氯铵诱导的大鼠干眼模型与人干眼发生后角膜结膜发生的改变相似,此干眼模型在动物实验研究中具有重要的参考价值。     

苯扎溴铵对ICU内泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌杀灭效果的研究

目的研究苯扎溴铵对ICU内分离的泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(PDR-Ab)的杀菌效果及抗性。方法采用最低抑菌浓度(MIC)、悬液定量杀菌试验,观察苯扎溴铵对ICU内分离的PDR-Ab的杀菌效果,并与大肠埃希菌标准菌株进行对比;采用PCR法检测PDR-Ab中qacE△1-sulI的携带情况。结果苯扎溴铵对65株PDR-Ab的MIC值是9~36 mg/L,大部分高于标准菌株;500 mg/L苯扎溴铵作用5 min以上对PDR-Ab的杀灭对数值>5.00;65株PDR-Ab中51株携带qacE△1-sulI基因,检出率78.46%。结论 ICU内PDR-Ab携带qacE△1-sulI基因携带率高,提示ICU内的PDR-Ab对苯扎溴铵存在抗性。     

Contact lens intolerance; allergic conjunctivitis?

20 patients complaining of contact lens intolerance were patch tested to a contact lens solution and a contact lens components battery. Contact urticaria testing was also carried out. 8 patients had positive delayed reactions on patch testing, 6 patients had positive contact urticaria reactions, and 9 patients had no reactions. These results are discussed and possible alternative diagnoses for the 9 undiagnosed patients are proposed.     

Pathogenesis and treatments of TGFBI corneal dystrophies

Transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited progressive corneal diseases. Accumulation of transforming growth factor beta-induced protein (TGFBIp) is involved in the pathogenesis of TGFBI corneal dystrophies; however, the exact molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge of TGFBI corneal dystrophies including clinical manifestations, epidemiology, most common and recently reported associated mutations for each disease, and treatment modalities. We review our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) and studies of other TGFBI corneal dystrophies. In GCD2 corneal fibroblasts, alterations of morphological characteristics of corneal fibroblasts, increased susceptibility to intracellular oxidative stress, dysfunctional and fragmented mitochondria, defective autophagy, and alterations of cell cycle were observed. Other studies of mutated TGFBIp show changes in conformational structure, stability and proteolytic properties in lattice and granular corneal dystrophies. Future research should be directed toward elucidation of the biochemical mechanism of deposit formation, the relationship between the mutated TGFBIp and the other materials in the extracellular matrix, and the development of gene therapy and pharmaceutical agents.     

双氯芬酸钠滴眼液中苯扎氯铵的测定

目的采用HPLC双氯芬酸钠滴眼液中苯扎氯铵的含量。方法乙腈-5 mmol.L-1醋酸铵溶液（含1%三乙胺,用冰醋酸调节pH值至5.0±0.5）（65∶35）为流动相,CNW色谱柱（150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,检测波长为214 nm。结果苯扎氯铵的测定在12.50～125.00μg.mL-1与峰面积线性关系良好,苯扎氯铵的平均回收率为99.0%,RSD为1.3%。结论方法简单、灵敏度高,可用于双氯芬酸钠滴眼液中苯扎氯铵的测定。     

不同材质滤膜对于加替沙星滴眼液中抑菌剂的吸附性研究

目的：考察加替沙星滴眼液除菌过滤时不同材质滤膜对于苯扎氯铵的吸附性;建立高效液相色谱法测定加替沙星滴眼液中苯扎氯铵的含量。方法：采用材质为聚醚砜（PES）、聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）的滤膜过滤加替沙星滴眼液后,收集滤液,于100,500,1 000,1 500,2 000 mL时取样,测定过滤后苯扎氯铵的含量;以水（用1 mol·L^-1高氯酸调pH至2.2±0.05）-乙腈-异丙醇（58：33：9）为流动相等度洗脱;流速1.0 mL·min^-1;柱温40℃;检测波长214 nm。结果：材质为聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）的滤膜对于苯扎氯铵有6.3%的吸附,而材质聚醚砜（PES）对于苯扎氯铵无吸附性;苯扎氯铵在11.1~111 μg·mL^-1（222~2 220 ng）浓度范围内呈良好的线性,线性方程为y=22 162x-15 620（r=0.999 9）,平均回收率为100.58%、RSD=0.60%（n=9）,准确度较好。结论：对于加替沙星滴眼液的生产,采用材质为聚醚砜（PES）的滤膜对其中抑菌剂苯扎氯铵无吸附;建立了HPLC法测定加替沙星滴眼液中苯扎氯铵的方法,操作简便,灵敏度高,重复性好,可快速准确用于加替沙星滴眼液中苯扎氯铵含量分析。     

Tear cytokine profile of glaucoma patients treated with preservative-free or preserved latanoprost

Purpose

To determine variations in cytokine levels of glaucoma patients treated either with preservative-free latanoprost or preserved latanoprost, relative to healthy individuals.