黏膜刀辅助切除术治疗结直肠带蒂息肉的初步研究（含视频）

目的探讨黏膜刀辅助息肉切除术（knife assisted polypectomy,KAP）治疗结直肠带蒂息肉（巴黎分型0-Ⅰp型）的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2019年5月—2019年9月在复旦大学附属中山医院和徐汇区中心医院内镜中心行KAP治疗的42例结直肠带蒂息肉患者的临床资料,统计手术切除操作时间和术后并发症发生情况等,初步分析KAP的治疗效果。结果对42例患者共48枚息肉完成切除,息肉中位直径2.0 cm（0.8~3.5 cm）,操作时间（11.3±1.1）min。所有患者术中无严重出血和穿孔发生,术后无迟发性出血、迟发性穿孔及电凝综合征发生。术后病理显示手术完整切除率为100%。结论KAP治疗结直肠带蒂息肉操作安全高效。     

Conservative approach in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: Single-balloon enteroscopy and small bowel polypectomy

AIM: To assess the usefulness of the balloon assisted enteroscopy in preventing surgical intervention in pa-tients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) having a small bowel large polyps. METHODS: Seven consecutive asymptomatic pts(age 15-38 years) with PJS have been collected; six under-went polypectomy using single balloon enteroscopy(Olympus SIF Q180) with antegrade approach using push and pull technique. SBE system consists of the SIF-Q180 enteroscope, an overtube balloon control unit(OBCU Olympus Balloon Control Unit) and a dispos-able silicone splinting tube with balloon(ST-SB1). All procedures were performed under general anesthesia. Previously all pts received wireless capsule endos-copy(WCE). Prophylactic polypectomy was reservedmainly in pts who had polyps 15 mm in diameter. The balloon is inflated and deflated by a balloon control unit with a safety pressure setting range from-6.0 kPa to +5.4 kPa. Informed consent has been obtained from pts or parents for each procedure.RESULTS: Six pts underwent polypectomy of small bowel polyps; in 5 pts a large polyp 15 mm(range 20-50 mm in diameter) was resected; in 1 patient with WCE negative, SBE was performed for previous surgi-cal resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. In 2 pts endoscopic clips were placed due to a polypectomy. No surgical complication have been reported. SBE with resection of small bowel large polyps in PJS pts was useful to avoid gastrointestinal bleeding and emergency laparotomy due to intestinal intussuscep-tions. No gastrointestinal tumors were found in sub-sequent enteroscopic surveillance in all seven pts. In order surveillance, all pts received WCE, upper en-doscopy, ileocolonoscopy every 2 years. No pts had extraintestinal malignant lesions. SBE was performed when WCE was positive for significant polyps( 15 mm).CONCLUSION: The effective of prophylactic polyp-ectomy of small bowel large polyps( 15 mm) could be the first line treatment for conservative approach in management of PJS patients.     

持续被动运动机辅助功能锻炼在胫骨平台骨折术后的应用

目的 探讨持续被动运动（CPM）机辅助功能锻炼在胫骨平台骨折术后的应用。方法 选择2017年1月～2019年1月在我院创伤骨科收住的胫骨平台骨折患者92例,采用抛银币法分为CPM组与对照组,每组各46例。两组患者均行胫骨平台骨折切开复位内固定术。对照组术后患肢主动运动训练,CPM组术后第2天开始进行CPM机辅助功能锻炼,两组患者均治疗6个月。观察两组患者治疗后膝关节及胫骨平台后倾角（PA）恢复情况。结果 治疗6个月后,两组患者ROM、膝关节Harris评分和BI评分均较治疗前明显上升（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,且CPM组上升幅度较对照组更高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组患者PA较治疗前明显上升（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,且CPM组上升幅度较对照组更更高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 CPM机辅助功能锻炼用于胫骨平台骨折术后的疗效确切,能增加患者关节活动度,能有效矫正PA,改善膝关节功能,从而提高患者独立活动能力。     

手术辅助快速扩弓矫治上颌横向发育不足的临床疗效分析

目的:评价手术辅助快速扩弓矫治成人上颌横向发育不足病例牙齿和基骨的变化。方法:上颌发育不足患者20例(男13例,女7例)按年龄分为扩弓组和手术组,扩弓组(平均年龄12.51±0.82岁)行矫形快速扩弓治疗;手术组(平均年龄19.07±2.54岁)行手术协助快速扩弓治疗。所有患者治疗前后摄头颅定位正侧位片和咬合片,头影测量分析、比较。结果:两组病例均有明显的扩弓效果,手术组牙弓宽度增加更为显著,扩弓组牙弓长度增加明显,但组间均无显著性差异;治疗前后,手术组B点显著后移,而扩弓组B点前移,组间有显著性差异(P<0.05);治疗前后,手术组腭平面后旋,扩弓组腭平面前旋,组间有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗前后,两组病例上颌切牙均内倾,组间无显著性差异。结论:手术协助快速扩弓治疗成人上颌横向发育不足,可取得良好的扩弓效果;对上下颌骨、上颌切牙在矢状面的改变更有利于III类错畸形的矫正;在病例的选择上,更适用于低角病例。     

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随着微创外科技术的发展,减少手术创伤的治疗方法日益受到口腔颌面外科医生的重视。目前,在颧骨骨折的治疗中,微创一方面体现在小切口或经皮径路在颧骨骨折治疗中的应用更为广泛;另外一方面则是体现在以影像辅助、内镜辅助、计算机辅助为代表的新技术应用在颧骨骨折治疗中的兴起,后者使手术创伤进一步减小。本文介绍了小切口或经皮径路微创术以及影像辅助、内镜辅助、计算机辅助的微创技术在颧骨骨折治疗中的应用。     

电视胸腔镜手术治疗胸部肿瘤患者86例分析

目的 分析电视胸腔镜手术(Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery,VATS)在胸部肿瘤治疗中的效果.方法 通过回顾分析2010年2月～2011年6月,来我院就诊并行电视胸腔镜手术的86例罹患胸部肿瘤的患者的临床资料,探讨VATS的治疗效果.结果 本组行全胸腔镜手术80例,术中转胸腔镜辅助小切口手术6例,无手术死亡病例.本组患者中肺楔形切除32例,肺叶切除42例,纵隔肿瘤9例,胸膜活检加肺固定术3例.手术持续时间平均89 min,术中平均失血量149 ml,均未输血,术后仅8例出现并发症,患者术后平均住院时间为8 d.结论 电视胸腔镜手术在治疗胸部肿瘤时具有创伤小、痛苦轻、并发症少、恢复快等优点,具有较高的临床推广价值;一次性缝合材料配合完全性肺叶切除可达到开胸手术相同的治疗效果,但仍需继续积累相关手术经验.