邻甲苯胺的毒性研究

邻甲苯胺经口半数致死量为７５５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，属低毒类。动物染毒邻甲苯胺１９ｍｇ／ｋｇ以上引起小鼠脾脏增大，３８ｍｇ／ｋｇ以上引起白细胞计数升高，且淋巴细胞百分比升高，各染每剂量对小因清免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ含量和巨噬细胞吞噬功能无明显影响。结果表明，邻甲苯胺对造血系统有影响，对免疫系统无明显直接影响。     

Studies on the relationship between transaldolase activity and testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells of pubertalmice

Objective: To study the relationship between transaldolase activity, protein expression and testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells of pubertal mice. Methods: Leydig cells were cultured for 2 hours and 8 hours, to the Stimulation Group, hCG was added and to the Controls, only the vehicle. The testosterone concentration was then determined by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA) and the transaldolase activity and protein expression by Western blot. Results: (1) Both the testosterone concentration and the transaldolase activity in both Stimulation Groups were significantly higher than those in the corresponding Controls (2 h: p<0.05-0.01; 8 h: P<0.001); (2) The ratios of the A isoform, the B isoform and the total transaldolase protein to β-actin between the Stimulation and Control Groups did not differ signifi-cantly. Conclusion: hCG stimulates the transaldolase activity as well as the testosterone synthesis in the Leydig cells of pubertal mice, indicating a positive relationship between them.     

白芍水煎剂对老龄小鼠抗衰老作用的实验研究

中药白芍水煎剂给予老龄小鼠灌胃(10g/kg),每日一次,连用4周。采用邻苯三酚自氧化法、DTNB和TBA比色法测定红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力和红细胞中及血浆中MDA含量。结果表明,白芍水煎剂能显著增强老龄小鼠红细胞SOD活性、全血GSH-Px的活力,而且可显著降低红细胞和血浆中MDA含量,故具有延缓衰老作用。     

Antibody-dependent neutrophil-mediated parasite killing in non-lethal rodent malaria

The effects of administrating recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and passively transferring immune serum on infection with an attenuated variant of Plasmodium berghei XAT (Pb XAT), in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were examined. In immune competent (C.B-17) mice, the attenuated parasite infection was inevitably self-resolving and degenerating forms inside erythrocytes appeared, coinciding with the drop in parasitaemia, whereas SCID mice were unable to control parasite growth and all the mice died. Continuous administration with rhG-CSF caused neutrophilic granulocytosis in both SCID and C.B-17 mice. The effect of rhG-CSF on the infection in C.B-17 mice was to suppress the course of the parasitaemia at an early phase whereas it had no effect in SCID mice. When immune serum was transferred on the day of infection, the prepatent period was prolonged two days in both SCID and C.B-17 mice. When administration with rhG-CSF was combined with transfer of immune serum, SCID mice showed four days delay in patency and degenerating parasites were seen during the course of parasitaemia, although the infection was ultimately fatal. C.B-17 mice similarly treated showed a seven day delay in the onset of the patent parasitaemia which was of a lesser magnitude and shorter in duration compared with control mice. On the other hand, when C.B-17 mice were splenectomized three weeks before infection and then treated with rhG-CSF and immune serum, no degenerating parasites were seen during the infection and all mice died with high parasitaemias. These results show that antibody-dependent neutrophil-mediated parasite killing may occur in the spleen of mice infected with P. berghei XAT.     

神效止痛膏的镇痛作用

用二甲苯所致的急性炎症模型观察了神效止痛膏的抗急性炎症作用．用扭体法、热板法观察了神效止痛膏对小鼠的镇痛作用．结果表明，神效止痛膏有很好的镇痛作用．     

Modulation of infection-induced inflammation and locomotive deficit and longevity in senescence-accelerated mice-prone (SAMP8) model by the oligomerized polyphenol Oligonol.

Oligonol is produced from the oligomerization of polyphenols (typically proanthocyanidin from a variety of fruits such as lychees, grapes, apples, persimmons, etc.) and contains catechin-type monomers and oligomers of proanthocyanidins. The ability of Oligonol to affect infection-dependent eye inflammation, locomotion and longevity in senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8) (a model of senescence acceleration and geriatric disorders with increased oxidative stress and neuronal deficit) was investigated. Oligonol (60mg/kg) significantly modulated the extent of inflammation scores in the eye of SAMP8 mice. Examination of the mice indicated infection with mouse hepatitis virus and pinworm (Syphacia obvelata) in both males and females and with the intestinal protozoa (trichomonad) in males. A comparison of the two groups (using log-rank test) and the difference in the mean life span between groups (using Student's t-test) indicated significant differences in survival (p=0.043) and the mean life span (p=0.033) in male SAMP8 mice. Oligonol increased the mean life span and this was statistically significant. In the open-field locomotive test, the 7-week-old SAMP8 mice crossed more than 40 partitioned lines in 1min. At 48-week-old control untreated male SAMP8 crossed 2 lines. The Oligonol-treated 48-week-old male SAMP8 mice crossed 17 lines however. The improved locomotive activity was statistically significant even after 36weeks in the Oligonol-treated male SAMP8 but this was not the case throughout the time course of the study in the Oligonol-treated female SAMP8. Thus Oligonol treatment to SAMP8 mice modulated the severity of infection-dependent inflammation, prolonged life-span and significantly improved locomotive activity indicating potential benefit to aging-associated diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases. This presents potential for further research to define infection-dependent inflammation associated with degenerative conditions and the molecular mechanism of dietary antioxidant protection.     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Giardia-specific IgA in mouse intestinal secretions

We describe an ELISA for trophozoite-specific IgA in the intestinal secretions of mice infected with Giardia muris. Using this method, trophozoite-specific IgA was demonstrated in intestinal secretions of Giardia-infected immunocompetent BALB/c mice. Such antibody was undetectable in the intestinal secretions of Giardia-infected athymic (nude) mice. Immunocompetent BALB/c mice are able to clear G. muris infection whereas nude mice are not. The study provides evidence that the chronicity of G. muris infection in nude mice results from lack of intestinal trophozoite-specific IgA in these animals. By means of the ELISA, trophozoite-specific IgA was demonstrated in intestinal secretions from immunocompetent mice in the absence of protease inhibitors.     

Protective immunity to malaria: studies with cloned lines of Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi in CBA/Ca mice. III. Protective and suppressive responses induced by immunization with purified antigens

The protective effect of affinity purified antigen has been investigated in an experimental model for malaria which shows a well marked recrudescence of parasitaemia, a feature of the disease in man. A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) recognizing an epitope common to two genetically distinct cloned lines of Plasmodium chabaudi (AS and CB), was used to purify a Mr250,000 polymorphic schizont antigen (PSA) from these parasites. The purified preparations were then examined for the presence of specific and cross-reactive epitopes by immunoprecipitation with a panel of MoAb raised against P. chabaudi AS. When tested previously on smears of parasitized blood by immunofluorescence, or against lysates of parasitized erythrocytes by immunoprecipitation, most of these MoAb had been found to be AS specific. When either AS or CB affinity purified Mr250,000 PSA was used as the target, these same MoAb immunoprecipitated both antigens, and in some cases, a number of associated polypeptides (AP) which copurify with the Mr250,000 PSA. Subsequently, mice were immunized with either the purified AS or CB antigens in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Prechallenge sera were compared by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation. Sera from mice immunized with AS antigen reacted strongly with AS and cross-reacted with CB parasite preparations. Pre-challenge serum from CB antigen immunized mice reacted well with CB, but only faintly with AS preparations. In mice immunized with the AS antigen and then challenged with either AS or CB parasites, the initial parasitaemias were delayed in appearance and the height of the peak parasitaemia reduced, an effect which was most pronounced after challenge with homologous parasites. Only homologous challenge of the mice immunized with CB antigen produced statistically significant modification of the initial parasitaemia. In the immunized mice challenged with homologous parasites, the delayed appearance and slightly reduced peak of the primary parasitaemia was associated with delayed resolution of the patent parasitaemia and significant enhancement of the recrudescence.     

C_3基因在BXSB小鼠主要脏器中的表达

用同位素标记ｃＤＮＡ探针的分子杂交方法检测了ＢＸＳＢ小鼠肝、肾、脾、胸腺各脏器中补体Ｃ_３ｍＲＮＡ的表达情况，结果表明３～４月龄雄性ＢＸＳＢ小鼠肝、肾、脾各脏器Ｃ_３ｍＲＮＡ的表达量较正常对照鼠显著增加。Ｃ_３基因的过度表达可能参与ＢＸＳＢ小鼠ＳＬＥ多脏器非感染性炎症的发生，同时提示该鼠存在Ｍ系统的大量扩增及活化。