γ-去氢骆驼蓬碱等咔啉类生物碱的辐射防护作用

γ- Harmine(Ⅰ),’harmine(Ⅱ )and harmaline(Ⅲ )were isolated from PeganumHarmala L.( Zygophylaceae).Tests were conducted with mice to detect whether γ- harmine( a newcompound), harmine,harmof(Ⅳ)and harmalol(Ⅴ) are effective radioprotective compounds againstγ-ray irradiation, Intraperitoneal injection of the hydrochlorides of the four alkaloids 50～80mg·kg^-1×1 in NIH male mice 30～45 minutes before 8.6～9. 7 Gy whole body ⁶⁰Co irradiationsignificantly increased the survival effects(1. 33～2. 61)and 30-day survivai rate in comparison withcontrol mice.The results indicatethat γ- harmine exhibited relatively good radioprotective effect.γ-harmine is the first alkaloid isolated from a plant having ptotective effects against whole-body lethal irradiation in mice.     

生殖器疱疹的诊断和处理

生殖器单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)感染是不可治愈的复发性、终生性疾病,可表现为生殖器疱疹或无症状性病毒排出.生殖器疱疹是生殖器溃疡的主要病因,已成为重要的公共卫生问题.由于临床诊断的不敏感和非特异性,通常需要病毒学或血清学检查确诊.HSV感染患者口服抗病毒药物治疗安全有效,可用于疾病发作时的治疗及预防复发.     

Improved haemodynamics but reduced arterial blood oxygenation, at rest and during exercise after long-term oral prazosin therapy in chronic cor pulmonale

The effect of vasodilator therapy in chronic obstructive lungdisease with pulmonary hypertension was evaluated in eight patientsduring oral prazosin therapy (2–10 mg day ^–l). Afterone week, prazosin reduced mean pulmonary artery pressure andpulmonary and systemic vascular resistance, and increased cardiacindex both at rest and during exercise. Similarly improved haemodynamicswere observed after two months of therapy. Arterial PO₂ andoxygen saturation fell significantly after two months both atrest and during exercise, but were not changed after one week.Lung function tests were not altered by prazosin. Thus, althoughprazosin improves the haemodynamics in patients with chronicobstructive lung disease, caution is advised in long-term therapysince prozosin worsens the arterial blood oxygenation.     

羟基磷灰石-阿霉素复合物对大鼠肝移植性肿瘤局部切除术后治疗作用的研究

目的探讨大鼠肝移植性肿瘤局部切除术后,局部埋置抗癌复合物羟基磷灰石阿霉素对大鼠存活、肿瘤复发和肝功能的影响。方法制作大鼠Ｗ２５６癌肉瘤肝移植瘤模型。肿瘤局部切除后,各组大鼠分别于肝创缘埋置羟基磷灰石阿霉素（Ａ组）;注射阿霉素水溶液（Ｂ组）和注射生理盐水（Ｃ组）。测定各组大鼠术后１、３、７天的肝功能。观察术后３个月大鼠死亡和肿瘤复发情况。结果Ａ组大鼠术后死亡率（２５％,３／１２）及复发率（３３％,４／１２）均较Ｃ组（８３％,１０／１２和９２％,１１／１２）明显下降（Ｐ＜００１）,而复发率（３３％,４／１２）亦较Ｂ组（７５％,９／１２）降低（Ｐ＜００５）,并且肝功能受损亦较Ｂ组减轻（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜００１）。结论羟基磷灰石阿霉素复合物局部埋置,提高了肝移植瘤大鼠局部切除术后的生存率,降低了肿瘤的复发率,对肝功能损害较轻,有一定的临床意义。     

Quantitative exercise technetium-99m tetrofosmin myocardial tomography for the identification and localization of coronary artery disease

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of quantitative 1-day exercise-rest technetium-99m tetrofosmin tomography in the identification of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in the detection of individual stenosed coronary vessels. Sixty-one patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary angiography and 13 normal volunteers were studied. All patients were submitted to two i.v. injections of^99mTc-tetrofosmin, one at peak exercise (370 MBq) and the other (1110 MBq) at rest 3 h after exercise (images 15–30 min after injection for both studies). All patients with CAD (0% luminal stenosis) (n=50) had an abnormal^99mTc-tetrofosmin tomogram. Only one patient without significant coronary narrowing showed abnormal findings. Overall sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of individual stenosed vessels were 77%, 93% and 85%, respectively. Sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy in the identification of individuals stenosed coronary vessels were significantly higher (P<0.05) in patients with single-vessel disease (n=21) than in those with multivessel disease (n=29). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detecting individual diseased vessels were similar in patients without previous myocardial infarction (n=26) and in those with previous myocardial infarction (n=35). In myocardial territories related to non-infarcted areas (n=128), sensitivity and specificity in the detection of stenosed vessels were 70% and 95%, respectively. In infarcted areas (n=55), sensitivity and specificity in the detection of stenosed vessels were 85% (P=NS vs non-infarcted areas) and 75% (P<0.05 vs non-infarcted areas), respectively. Finally, sensitivity was significantly lower (P<0.05) in vascular territories supplied by vessels with moderate stenosis (50%–75%) than in those supplied by vessels with severe stenosis (>75%). The results of this study demonstrate that quantitative 1-day exercise-rest^99mTc-tetrofosmin single-photon emission tomographic imaging is a suitable and accurate technique to identify patients with CAD and to detect individual stenosed coronary vessels.     

Iron-oxide-enhanced MR imaging of bone marrow in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: differentiation between tumor infiltration and hypercellular bone marrow

The aim of this study was to differentiate normal, hypercellular, and neoplastic bone marrow based on its MR enhancement after intravenous administration of superparamagnetic iron oxides in patients with cancer of the hematopoietic system. Eighteen patients with cancer of the hematopoietic system underwent MRI of the spine before and after infusion of ferumoxides ( n=9) and ferumoxtran ( n=9) using T1- and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (TSE) and short tau inversion recovery sequences (STIR). In all patients diffuse or multifocal bone marrow infiltration was suspected, based on iliac crest biopsy and imaging such as conventional radiographs, MRI, and positron emission tomography. In addition, all patients had a therapy-induced normocellular ( n=7) or hypercellular ( n=11) reconversion of the normal non-neoplastic bone marrow. The MRI data were analyzed by measuring pre- and post-contrast signal intensities (SI) of hematopoietic and neoplastic marrow and by calculating the enhancement as deltaSI(%) data and the tumor-to-bone-marrow contrast as contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR). Changes in bone marrow signal intensity after iron oxide administration were more pronounced on STIR images as compared with T1- and T2-weighted TSE images. The STIR images showed a strong signal decline of normal and hypercellular marrow 45-60 min after iron oxide infusion, but no or only a minor signal decline of neoplastic bone marrow lesions; thus, deltaSI% data were significantly higher in normal and hypercellular reconverted marrow compared with neoplastic bone marrow lesions ( p<0.05). Additionally, the contrast between focal or multifocal neoplastic bone marrow infiltration and normal bone marrow, quantified by CNR data, increased significantly on post-contrast STIR images compared with precontrast images ( p<0.05). Superparamagnetic iron oxides are taken up by normal and hypercellular reconverted bone marrow, but not by neoplastic bone marrow lesions, thereby providing significantly different enhancement patterns on T2-weighted MR images; thus, superparamagnetic iron oxides are useful to differentiate normal and neoplastic bone marrow and to increase the bone marrow-to-tumor contrast.     

光敏剂漂白特性在鲜红斑痣光动力治疗中的作用

目的：监测光动力治疗过程中鲜红斑痣组织内光敏剂含量的动态变化，探讨光敏剂漂白特性在光动力疗法微血管选择机制中的作用。方法：鲜红斑痣病人34例，男性15例，女性19例，静脉注射血啉甲醚和血卟啉衍生物5mg/kg后给予铜蒸气激光照射，使用三倍频Nd:YAG激光和光学多通道分析仪（OMA）在治疗前和治疗中的多个时间点对治疗区皮肤组织进行荧光光谱检测，绘制成时间－荧光强度曲线。结果：治疗区皮肤组织中光敏剂荧光强度在激光照射开始后迅速下降，血啉甲醚荧光强度的下降速率和下降幅度均显著大于血卟啉衍生物。结论：治疗区皮肤组织中光敏剂的漂白速度明显大于光敏剂的补充扩散速度，光敏剂漂白可能是光动力疗法微血管选择效应的主要机制。     

The OptiMARK clinical development program: summary of safety data

PURPOSE: To describe and summarize the safety data from the OptiMARK clinical development program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the 18 clinical studies comprising the clinical program, doses ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 mmol/kg were administered to healthy adult volunteers, patients with hepatic or renal impairment, and patients with confirmed or highly suspected central nervous system (CNS), liver, breast, vascular, bone, or soft tissue pathologies. A total of 2038 injections of OptiMARK, Magnevist, or placebo were administered to 1684 subjects. Safety assessments were performed at appropriate intervals during all Phase 1, 2, and 3 studies. RESULTS: Of the 1684 subjects exposed to a study drug or placebo in the clinical development program, 646 subjects experienced 1293 adverse events. Thirty-one percent of the OptiMARK injections were associated with an adverse event. In comparison, 35% of Magnevist injections and 48% of placebo injections were associated with at least one adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: OptiMARK was safe and well-tolerated with a safety profile similar to that of Magnevist.