Association between HLA and Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were observed to have a statistical association with HLA-DR4, MT3. Strong association between the clinical severity of RA and HLA was also observed. Male patients had a stronger association with HLA than female patients. Males are more resistant to RA than females. This suggested that the threshold of liability for RA is higher in males than in females. Japanese patients with RA with systemic vasculitis were negative for HLA-Bw44 and had antilymphocytotoxic autoantibody, indicating that RA with systemic vasculitis is different in etiology from RA without systemic vasculitis.     

医疗环境控制思路与措施——《日间手术中心设施建设标准》内容解读

针对团标《日间手术中心设施建设标准》结合日间手术中心的特点,阐述了日间手术环境控制暖通空调方面的编写思路、条文要求与实施措施。     

Principles of cancer treatment by radiotherapy

Radiotherapy (or radiation therapy) uses ionizing radiation to selectively kill cancer cells, especially for solid tumours. Like surgery, it is meant to be a ‘local’ treatment, although its beneficial systemic effects are being discovered. It is most commonly used in addition to surgery (adjuvant, e.g. breast), but its role in the neoadjuvant setting in combination with chemotherapy for some cancers (e.g. rectum) is also established. In early stages of cancer, it can be the definitive treatment, avoiding surgery and enabling organ preservation (e.g. larynx), while in late stages, it can provide excellent palliation (e.g. bone metastasis). Radiotherapy can be delivered at various energy levels (kiloVolts, megaVolts), with various subatomic particles (e.g. electrons, protons, and high-energy electromagnetic radiation). The traditional bulky equipment (e.g. linear accelerator) needs to be housed in an underground bunker and uses complex imaging to improve precision and avoid radiation to normal tissues. Fractionated regimens spanning several days reduce individual doses. Modern techniques using mobile devices (e.g. TARGIT-IORT) can deliver radiotherapy during surgery with the highest precision and immediacy.     

甘肃省疾病预防控制系统慢性病防控基础配置能力评估

摘 要：目的：探讨社区诊室血压达标的高血压患者晨峰血压控制及血压管理效果评估。方法：将400例高血压患者随 机分为研究组和对照组。试验前后完善24 h动态血压、24 h动态心电图及头颅CT检查,随后每3个月行1次24 h动态血压检 查。生活方式和药物干预 12个月,观察两组治疗前后血压达标情况及心脑血管事件发生率。结果：研究组治疗中后期患者 24 h平均收缩压、起床后2 h内平均收缩压及晨峰血压均较同期对照组显著降低;两组心脑血管疾病发病率差异有统计学意 义 （χ2=5.171,P＜0.05）。结论：诊室血压达标伴晨峰血压的患者更易发生心脑血管疾病,采用适宜的血压管理模式可有效 降低晨峰血压。     

松果体区病灶直线加速器放射外科的剂量分布探讨

通过运用仿真人体模型对松果体区靶病灶直线加速器多聚弧照射的监测，论证直线加速器作为放射外科工具治疗颅内病变的科学性，探讨有关辐射参数对剂量分布的影响。作者认为，直线器放射外科可实现与伽玛马相似的剂量分布，同是神经外科安全有效的治疗技术，准直器孔径越小，照射范围越大，则剂量梯度即越大，剂量分布越理想；靶区最大剂量对上器孔径有相当高的依赖性，本文还就合理的照射弧范围及边缘处方剂量作了讨论。     

统计过程控制在医用电子直线加速器机械性能监测中的应用

目的：使用统计过程控制方法分析医用电子直线加速器长期过程表现,监测加速器状态变化趋势,并评估加速器各项指标性能状态。方法：收集2019年6月至2021年4月加速器机器性能检测(MPC)数据。绘制每个机械指标的单值控制图,分析各指标过程特征,并使用过程能力指数C_pk及C_p评估加速器各项机械指标的过程质量。结果：加速器机械精度明显优于当前厂商推荐的规格限值,但控制图监测结果显示各指标均存在一定程度的过程漂移。过程能力分析结果显示所有指标的C_pk及C_p均大于1.33,过程质量优秀。结论：加速器在满足当前MPC规格限的情况下依然可能发生过程失控。统计过程控制方法可及时发现过程中的异常改变,过程能力指数可有效评估过程质量,为质量管理及临床决策提供有效的信息。     

富氧室对海拔5280米高原人体运动血液流变学的影响

目的 :探讨高原富氧室对机体运动血液流变学的影响。方法 :对海拔 5 380米高原的 10名健康青年在进入富氧室前后分别进行踏阶运动 ,检测红细胞压积 (HCT)、血液粘度 (ηb)、血浆粘度(ηp)、还原粘度 (ηr)、红细胞刚性指数 (IR)、红细胞变形系数 (TK)和血细胞聚集系数 (VAI)。结果 :富氧运动后较富氧运动前 ηb、ηp、ηr、TK和IR降低 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ,HCT、VAI无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :富氧室能改善高原人体缺氧 ,降低运动所引起血液粘度 ,是一种较为理想的高原供氧途径。     

加强医用直线加速器使用中的安全工作

本文简要介绍了医用直线加速器在日常使用工作中可以造成工作人员及患者伤害甚至死亡的原因和安全注意事项，为同道们在日常的加速器操作中提供参考。