TGF-β1基因多态性与中晚期鼻咽癌患者放射性皮肤、口腔黏膜损伤的相关性研究

【目的】研究血清转化生长因子β1（TGF‐β1）基因的－509C／T和869T／C位点基因多态性与鼻咽癌患者放疗后急性放射性皮肤和口腔黏膜损伤的相关性。【方法】招募和随访本院收治的79例原发性中晚期鼻咽癌患者,采用鼻咽癌2008分期标准对肿瘤进行临床分期,所有患者均接受6M VX直线加速器根治性放疗。收集患者的临床资料和随访资料,抽取患者2 mL静脉血,提取基因组DNA ,用PCR和Sanger测序法对 TGF‐β1基因的－509C／T和869T／C位点进行分型。【结果】本研究共招募53例Ⅲ期鼻咽癌患者,26例Ⅵ期鼻咽癌患者,除了T分期和N分期外,其他基本临床资料无统计学差异。放疗后,Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者中重度皮肤和口腔黏膜损伤的发生率无显著性差异（ P ＞0．05）。通过分析发现 T G F‐β1基因的－509C／T和869 T／C位点突变与放射性皮肤损伤程度显著相关,－509 T等位基因携带者发生中重度（3～4度）皮肤损伤的风险显著高于CC基因型患者[ P ＝0．037;OR（95％ CI）＝3．314（1．19～9．22）];869T／C位点中TC／CC基因型患者发生中重度皮肤损伤的风险较TT基因型患者显著增加[ P＝0．034,OR（95％ CI）＝2．86（1．11～7．37）]。同时发现869T／C位点突变与口腔黏膜损伤显著性关联,CC基因型患者发生口腔黏膜损伤的风险较TT基因型患者显著增加[ P ＝0．049,OR（95％ CI）＝5．33（1．03～27．53）]。【结论】TGF‐β1基因的－509C／T和869T／C位点基因多态性与鼻咽癌患者放疗后发生放射性皮肤和口腔黏膜损伤相关,该基因突变可能作为后期预测鼻咽癌个体化放疗不良反应评价的预测指标。     

Influence of habitual mouth breathing on taste sensation

Purpose

Although habitual mouth breathing is recognized to cause various disorders of orofacial growth and function, including taste sensation, the relationship between habitual mouth breathing and taste disorders has not been investigated sufficiently. This study aimed to examine the influence of habitual mouth breathing on taste sensitivity and relevant factors such as salivation, oral moisture, and olfactory function.

Bridging the dental-medical divide: Case studies integrating oral health care and primary health care

Background

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine commissioned an environmental scan describing the status of health care integration of oral health and primary care services.

EV71感染手足口病患儿血清中甲状腺激素水平变化及意义

目的 探讨手足口病（HFMD）患儿血清中三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）的变化及临床意义。方法 将81例肠道病毒71型（EV71）感染的 HFMD患儿分为三组：普通型22例,重症型19例,危重型40例。采用化学发光法检测三组患儿血清中的甲状腺素：T3、T4、TSH、FT3,FT4水平并比较。结果 三组患儿血清中 T3、T4、FT4、TSH、FT3水平比较无统计学差异（ P ＞0．05）。结论 EV71感染 HFMD患儿血清中甲状腺激素水平与患儿病情的严重程度不相关。     

普通型手足口病临床路径的制定与应用研究

【目的】评价临床路径在手足口病（普通型）治疗中的实施效果。【方法】根据随机数字表随机分组,将西安市儿童医院手足口病306例患儿随机分成两组,对实施临床路径病例153例（试验组）和同期未实施临床路径的手足口病（普通型）患儿153例病例（对照组）的住院天数、费用指标等临床资料进行比较研究,利用统计学软件对数据进行统计学分析。【结果】试验组和对照组住院天数分别为（4．56±0．45）d ,（6．18±0．63）d ,住院天数平均相差1．6 d ,试验组和对照组治疗费用分别为（2158．57±42．65）元,（4041．34±35．23）元,二者相差1882．77元,试验组住院天数、治疗费、检查费、药物费用、杂费均明显低于对照组,且两组相比较差异均有显著性（P ＜0．01）。试验组的满意度为98．69％（151/153）远远高于对照组81．04％（124/153）,且两组相比较差异有显著性（χ2＝5．569,P ＜0．01）;而对临床医生的调查显示临床路径实施可减少工作量。【结论】对普通型手足口病病例实施临床路径可以明显缩短住院天数,降低医疗费用,规范医护主动医疗行为,减少重复劳动,提高工作效率。     

Modification of Heister Jaw Opener

Heister introduced a mouth gag of incentric pattern which is still being used. Heister jaw opener has narrow blades which rest on the occlusal surface of molar teeth. The force of mouth gag is not equally distributed on all the teeth, therefore there is great risk of tooth avulsion in periodontally compromised dentition and fracture of tooth while using standard Heister appliance. To overcome this modification of Heister mouth gag is done.     

吞服液性药物后口腔食管内药物残留的检测

目的　观察吞服液性药物后不同时间点口腔、食管内的药物残留 ,讨论其意义。方法　 10名健康受试者空腹口服 6 0mL含 1 85× 10 10 Bq99mTc -MIBI的药液 ,并禁食禁饮 ,以Toshiba 710 0A/DI旋转型γ照相机 ,于服药后即刻、0 5、1、2、3、4h分别前位采集图像 ,包括口腔、食管 ,以ROI技术获取不同时间点口腔、食管内放射性计数 ,计算口腔、食管内不同时间点放射性计数占服药后即刻放射性计数的百分比。结果　 10名受试者口服99mTc药液 4h后仍可见口腔、食管显像 ,于服药后即刻、0 5、1、 2、 3、4h的口腔和食管内放射性计数均值分别为 6 980 5、2 14 0 6、736 0、4 4 0 0、32 5 3、2 5 5 9和 2 816 6、5 2 4 8、12 5 2、97 6、84 4、74 8,服药后 0 5、1、2、3、4h ,口腔和食管内共有 4 9 2 9%、14 99%、9 77%、7 6 6 %、6 33%的药物残留。结论　口服液性药物后较长时间内口腔、食管内都有药物残留 ,有重要临床意义。     

Survival analysis of recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the lower oral cavity treated by surgery

The aim of the present study was to investigate the survival of individuals with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower oral cavity who underwent surgical treatment and experienced recurrence, considering the site of the recurrent disease. A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted, comparing the survival rates of patients with and without recurrence and considering the site of recurrence (local, regional, distant). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS and a p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. The sample comprised 150 patients, 59 (39.3%) of whom experienced recurrence. Local recurrence occurred in 35 patients (23.4%), regional recurrence in 17 (11.3%), and distant recurrence in seven (4.6%). The average survival of participants with local, regional, and distant recurrence was 12, five, and two months, respectively. Patients with recurrent disease had worse survival than those who did not (P < 0.001). Patients with local recurrence had better survival than those with regional/distant recurrence (P = 0.011). All patients with regional and distant recurrence had deceased by the last follow-up. In conclusion, patients with local recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the lower oral cavity treated by surgery have a better survival rate than those with regional and distant recurrence. Local recurrence poses the possibility of curative salvage therapy.     

Oral Mucosa as a Reservoir of Human Papillomavirus: Point Prevalence,Genotype Distribution,and Incident Infections Among Males in a 7-year Prospective Study

Background

In addition to the anogenital malignancies, human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to oropharyngeal cancer as an important risk factor in both men and women. Knowledge of oral HPV infection among males is needed to elucidate the transmission routes and potential for prevention.

Objective

To assess the prevalence, genotype distribution, and incidence of oral HPV infections among healthy Finnish men followed for 7 yr.

Design, setting, and participants

Oral scrapings for HPV testing were taken from 131 fathers-to-be (mean age: 28.9 yr) at baseline and at 2-mo, 6-mo, 12-mo, 24-mo, 36-mo, and 7-yr follow-up visits to detect prevalent and incident HPV infections. Purified DNA extracted from scrapings was used for HPV genotyping, with the Multimetrix kit (Progen Biotechnik, Heidelberg, Germany) detecting 24 genotypes.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Point prevalence, genotype distribution, and incident rates of oral HPV infections. Demographic data were collected using structured questionnaires, and covariates of incident oral HPV infections were analysed using uni- and multivariate Poisson regression (for panel data).

Results and limitations

The point prevalence of oral HPV infection fluctuated from 15.1% to 31.1% during the follow-up period. In total, 17 different HPV genotypes were found. At baseline, the single most frequent genotype among the HPV-positive samples was HPV16 (33.3%; 8 of 24), followed by HPV33 (12.5%) and HPV82 (12.5%). Multiple-type infections comprised 16.7% (4 of 24), HPV16 being involved in all combinations. For baseline-negative men, the mean time to the first incident infection ranged from 3.9 mo (HPV82) to 25.7 mo (HPV56). None of the demographic factors was a significant independent predictor of incident oral HPV infections in multivariate models.

Conclusions

Detection of oral HPV DNA carriage in men is common, HPV16 being the most prevalent genotype. Oral mucosa may play a significant role in HPV transmission.